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Review Article
Cardiology
Implication of microRNA as a potential biomarker of myocarditis
Jin-Hee Oh, Gi Beom Kim, Heeyoung Seok
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(5):230-238.   Published online March 2, 2022
· Myocarditis was recently examined quantitatively as inflammation of the heart muscle based on endomyocardial biopsy, and its noninvasive diagnosis remains unsatisfactory.
· Additionally, numerous miRNAs (miR-155, miR-146b, miR-590, miR-221, miR-222, etc.) coupled with inflammation or viral activation have been examined in myocarditis patients or mouse models.
· The recent identification of mmu-miR-721 (has-miR-Chr8: 96), a myocarditis-specific microRNA, demonstrated its potential as an acute myocarditis biomarker.
Critical Care Medicine
The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with acute fulminant myocarditis
Silver Heinsar, Sainath Raman, Jacky Y. Suen, Hwa Jin Cho, John F. Fraser
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(5):188-195.   Published online August 10, 2020
Acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) occurs as an inflammatory response to an initial myocardial insult. Its rapid and deadly progression calls for prompt diagnosis with aggressive treatment measures. The demonstration of its excellent recovery potential has led to increasing use of mechanical circulatory support, especially extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Arrhythmias, organ failure, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and decreased ventricular function at presentation...
Original Article
Clinical features and short-term outcomes of pediatric acute fulminant myocarditis in a single center
Eun Young Lee, Hae Lyoung Lee, Hyung Tae Kim, Hyoung Doo Lee, Ji Ae Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(11):489-495.   Published online November 30, 2014
Purpose

The aims of this study were to document our single-center experience with pediatric acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) and to investigate its clinical features and short-term outcomes.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of all children <18 years old who were diagnosed with AFM between October 2008 and February 2013. Data about patient demographics, initial symptoms, investigation results, management, and outcomes between...

Log-transformed plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease is quantitatively associated with myocardial dysfunction
Sunhee Bang, Jeong Jin Yu, Myung-Ki Han, Hong Ki Ko, Sail Chun, Hyung Soon Choi, Young-Hwue Kim, Jae-Kon Ko, In-Sook Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(8):340-344.   Published online August 31, 2011
Purpose

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been considered a biochemical marker for myocarditis in Kawasaki disease. We performed this study to determine its quantitative significance.

Methods

We attempted to correlate log-transformed BNP concentrations (log-BNP) and clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic variables in 81 children with Kawasaki disease. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the variables independently associated with log-BNP concentration.

Results

Serum C-reactive...

Clinical outcome of acute myocarditis in children according to treatment modalities
Hyun Jung Kim, Gyeong-Hee Yoo, Hong Ryang Kil
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(7):745-752.   Published online July 31, 2010
Purpose

There is currently little evidence to support intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) therapy for pediatric myocarditis. The purpose of our retrospective study was to assess the effects of IVIG therapy in patients with presumed myocarditis on survival and recovery of ventricular function and to determine the factors associated with its poor outcome.

Methods

We reviewed all consecutive cases of patients with myocarditis with...

Review Article
The myocarditis and cardiomyopathy in children
Hong Ryang Kil
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(11):1049-1054.   Published online November 15, 2007
Myocarditis represent an important condition encountered by general pediatricians & general practitioners. Its presentation is varied, and therefore a high index of suspicion must be maintained when the possibility of myocarditis is raised. A progression from viral myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy has long been hypothesized. Treatment is initially aimed at achieving hemodynamic stability and is largely supportive. There is currently...
Case Report
Surgical removal of a left ventricular thrombus caused by acute myocarditis
Kyu Ha Lee, Min Jung Yoon, Mi Young Han, Sa Jun Chung, Soo Cheol Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):588-591.   Published online June 15, 2007
Left ventricular thrombus is mainly caused by anterior myocardial infarction or severe cardiac wall dysfunction of the apex, and is rarely caused by a complication of acute myocarditis. A 12-year-old female who developed symptoms of motor dysphasia and incomplete hemiparesis of the right side was admitted to the hospital. The brain MRI taken on the day of her admission showed...
Original Article
Comparison Study between Immunohistochemical Staining and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Metalloproteinases and Tissue inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Virus induced Myocarditis
Young Mi Hong, Seung Sook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1524-1534.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Most tissue disruption of extracellular matrix is mediated by extracellular proteinases. Matrix metalloproteinases(MMP) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases(TIMP) are associated with wound healing and repair. There has been no study done on MMP and TIMP in myocarditis. Methods : Coxsackie B virus(4,000 plaque forming unit) was injected into Balb/c mice by intraperitoneal injection. Histopathological finding was observed...
The Study of Serum Troponin I and CK-MB in the Acute Stage of Kawasaki Disease
Minshik Kim, Yoonae Chun, Youngok Lee, Namji Cho, Kyungsook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(5):695-700.   Published online May 15, 1998
Purpose : The pathogensis and etiologic agents are still unknown but clinical studies suggest that Kawasaki disease(KD) is an autoimmune disease caused by infectious agents associated with the early development of acute myocarditis and coronary artery abnormalities. The study investigates serum troponin I(cTnI) and creatine kinase(CK)-MB in the acute stage of KD before diagnosis the use of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) treatment...
Experimental Diphtheritic Myocarditis with Special Reference to Ultrastructural Changes.
Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(12):1295-1308.   Published online December 31, 1986
Myocardiopathy following diphtheria infection is one of the most serious and fatal complications, but its nature of the lesion remained in controversy, and even ultrastructural understanding on the direct effect of diphtheria toxin has not been clarified. The purpose of this experiment is to illustrate the full morphological spectrum of subclinical or EKG free diphtheritic myocardial injuries by administration of...
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