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Original Article
Genetics and Metabolism
Neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Hasan M. Isa, Masooma S. Mohamed, Afaf M. Mohamed, Adel Abdulla, Fuad Abdulla
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(4):106-111.   Published online April 25, 2017
Purpose

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency among infants with neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia (NIH); compare G6PD-deficient and G6PD-normal patients regarding hyperbilirubinemia and need for exchange transfusions (ET); and assess risk factors for ET and kernicterus.

Methods

This is a case-control retrospective study. Medical records of NIH patients admitted to the Pediatric Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain, between...

Review Article
Nephrology (Genitourinary)
Pathogenesis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome: an immunological concept
Seong Heon Kim, Se Jin Park, Kyoung Hee Han, Andreas Kronbichler, Moin A. Saleem, Jun Oh, Beom Jin Lim, Jae Il Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(5):205-211.   Published online May 31, 2016

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children is characterized by massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is the most common form of INS in children. The pathogenesis of MCNS still remains unclear, however, several hypotheses have been recently proposed. For several decades, MCNS has been considered a T-cell disorder, which causes the impairment of the glomerular filtration barrier...

Original Article
Change in the height of Korean children and adolescents: analysis from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey II and V
Na Yung Ryoo, Ha Young Shin, Jae Hyun Kim, Jin Soo Moon, Chong Guk Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(9):336-340.   Published online September 21, 2015
Purpose

The mean adult height of Koreans has increased since nationwide anthropological measurements began in 1967. The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in heights of Korean late adolescents and young adults within and between the Second and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES II and V).

Methods

Koreans aged ≤22 years with available measurements of height were...

Case Report
A rare type of single coronary artery with right coronary artery originating from the left circumflex artery in a child
Jong Min Kim, Ok Jeong Lee, I-Seok Kang, June Huh, Jinyoung Song, Geena Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(1):37-40.   Published online January 31, 2015

The presence of a single coronary artery is a rare congenital anomaly; such patients often present with severe myocardial ischemia. We experienced the case of a 13-year-old girl with the right coronary artery originating from the left circumflex artery. She visited our Emergency Department owing to severe chest pain; her cardiac enzyme levels were elevated, but her initial electrocardiogram (ECG)...

Successful treatment by exchange transfusion of a young infant with sodium nitroprusside poisoning
Jong Geun Baek, Hoar Lim Jeong, Ji Sook Park, Ji Hyun Seo, Eun Sil Park, Jae Young Lim, Chan Hoo Park, Hyang Ok Woo, Hee Shang Youn, Jung Sook Yeom
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(8):805-808.   Published online August 31, 2010

Although sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is often used in pediatric intensive care units, cyanide toxicity can occur after SNP treatment. To treat SNP-induced cyanide poisoning, antidotes such as amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate, and hydroxycobalamin should be administered immediately after diagnosis. Here, we report the first case of a very young infant whose SNP-induced cyanide poisoning was successfully treated by...

Review Article
Neonatal skin diseases
Kyu Han Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(1):1-5.   Published online January 15, 2006
Several physiological skin changes such as vernix caseosa, cutis marmorata, physiologic desquamation, and sebaceous hyperplasia have been described in the neonatal period. There are also clinical characteristics of skin peculiar to neonate and infancy. Skin disorders observed during neonatal and infancy period can be divided into transient skin lesions, birth marks, and other diseases. Transient skin lesions include milia, sebaceous...
Original Article
Intrauterine Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Premature Infants
Hyun-Seung Jin, Kyeng-Ah Park, Hyun-Woo Goo, Jong-Hyun Yoon, Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, Ki-Soo Kim, Soo-Young Pi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(1):27-33.   Published online January 15, 2005
Purpose : To determine incidence, characteristics and risk factors associated with intrauterine intraventricular hemorrhage(IU-IVH) among premature infants. Methods : The medical records of infants with intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Asan Medical Center from January 1999 to June 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. Infants whose IVH with cystic change were detected within five days of life were...
The Effect of Post-natal Weight Changes on the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Hye One Jhon, Young Min Kim, Hee Joo Hong, Chong Woo Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(3):269-274.   Published online March 15, 2004
Purpose : The subjects were compared and measured for differences in the aspects of weight changes between the groups that developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) after treatment and those that did not, to analyze the relations between the patterns of early weight change after birth and the development of BPD. Methods : Retrospective analysis of medical records were performed for birth weight and...
Study of Exchange Phenomenon of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Children from 1997-2002
Sung Seok Kim, Hoon Kang, Byung Moon Ahn, Won Wook Lee, Eun Ryoung Kim, Soo Yeon Kim, Hyun Pil Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(1):24-30.   Published online January 15, 2004
Methods : We enrolled 504 patients out of 547 patients, who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Sung-Ae and Kwangmyung Sung-Ae General Hospital from November 1996 to October 2002. They were diagnosed as M. pneumoniae pneumonia by clinical characteristics and indirect particle agglutination test of M. pneumoniae. To classify into two groups, the group specific polymerase chain reaction amplification...
Pathologic Change and Prognosis after Combination Therapy in Advanced Neuroblastoma
Yeon Kyong Seo, Yu Jin Jung, Joon Sik Kim, Heung Sik Kim, Woo Hyun Park, Soon Ok Choi, Byung Yook Lee, Kun Young Kwon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(11):1107-1111.   Published online November 15, 2003
Purpose : Neuroblastoma is a malignant neoplasm which arises from primitive sympathetic neuroblasts, and occasionally can matured from a malignant neuroblastoma into a benign ganglioneuroma. It has the highest rate of spontaneous regression of any pediatric tumor. We performed a retrospective study of pathologic features after combination therapy in advanced neuroblastoma. Prognostic effects of the individual morphologic feature and prognostic...
Myocardial Protective Effect of Cardioxane for the Myocardial Damage due to Doxorubicin
Hee-Ju Park, Jai-Min Oh, Sung-Hoon Kim, Chang-Hoon Lee, Sang-Sik Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(9):876-882.   Published online September 15, 2003
Purpose : To find out the myocardial protective effect of cardioxane for the myocardial damage by doxorubicin. Methods : Using Eighteen rabbits(2.0-3.2 kg), doxorubicin(30 mg/m2) was injected intravenously once a week in group I(12 rabbits) and cardioxane(600 mg/m2) was injected at 20-30 minutes before doxorubicin administration in group II(6 rabbits). After this, we operated on the rabbits when the total cumulative...
The Natural Course and Size Change of Atrial Septal Defect Secundum
Deok Young Choi, Jae Young Choi, Mi Jin Kim, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(9):871-875.   Published online September 15, 2003
Purpose : This study was performed to follow the natural course and size change of isolated atrial septal defect(ASD) secundum. Methods : Among the newly diagnosed with ASD secundum at the division of pediatric cardiology in Yonsei cardiovascular hospital from January 1996 to December 2000, 89 patients with pure ASD secundum were checked by the serial echocardiographic evaluation to measure...
Effect of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Hemodynamics, Gas Exchange and Pulmonary Inflammation in Newborn Piglets with Escherichia coli Induced Septic Lungs
Yun Sil Chang, Sun Young Ko, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(8):777-783.   Published online August 15, 2003
Purpose : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inhaled nitric oxide(iNO) on gas exchange, hemodynamics and pulmonary inflammation in newborn piglets with E. coli induced septic lung. Methods : Twenty three instrumented and ventilated piglets were randomized into three groups : CON(n=6), PCON(n=9), and PNO(n=8). In the piglets of the PCON and PNO groups, E. coli...
Effects of Partial Liquid Ventilation on Gas Exchange, Hemodynamics, and Pulmonary Function in Newborn Piglet with Respiratory Distress
Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1430-1439.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : To evaluate gas exchange, hemodynamics and pulmonary function during partial liquid ventilation(PLV) using PFC(perfluorodecalin), compared with conventional gas ventilation in newborn piglets with saline lavage-induced respiratory distress. Methods : In a total of 16 instrumented and ventilated piglets, acute respiratory distress(below 70 mmHg of PaO2 at FiO2 1.0) was induced by repeated saline pulmonary lavage. The piglets were randomized...
Postnatal Changes in Left Ventricular Performance in Early Neonatal Life
Sung Wook Yang, Chan Wook Woo, Jee Youn Lim, Jung Hwa Lee, Joo Won Lee, Chang Sung Son, Young Chang Tockgo, Young Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1168-1173.   Published online September 15, 2000
Purpose : This study was undertaken to investigate changes in cardiac performance in early neonatal life by observing the changes of left ventricular(LV) function and volume according to the size of ductus arteriosus. Methods : The study group consisted of 21 full-term Cesarean section neonates who were admitted to the nursery of Korea University Hospital. We serially investigated the...
Case Report
Two Cases of Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy presented with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Young Mee Seo, Jae Gul Chung, En Sil Yu, Jin Yeong Jeong, Young Seo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(7):978-982.   Published online July 15, 2000
Thin basement membrane nephropathy(TBMN) is defined histologically as follows : 1) By light microscopy only minor abnormalities are detected in the glomeruli at most minor mesangial widening. 2) By electron microscopy, diffuse thinning of glomerular basement membrane is demonstrated. 3) By immunofluorescence, absence of immunoglobulins and complement components is demonstrated. 4) Alport`s syndrome and systemic diseases that may affect the...
Original Article
Long-term Follow-up Study of Children with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Jung Sue Kim, Hae Il Cheong, Hyun Soon Lee, Yong Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(12):1675-1684.   Published online December 15, 1998
Purpose : Most of childhood MCNS has a long disease course with frequent relapses. This study was designed to analyze the long-term clinical course of childhood MCNS, focusing at relapsing pattern, treatment response and complications. Mothods : The medical records of 137 children with biopsy-proven MCNS observed during 1976 ti 1996 were analyzed retrospectively. They were classified as initial responders(111 patients,...
Clinical Change of Mycoplasma Pneumonia
Jae Bum Lee, Kyong Tae Whang, Jeong Hyun Kim, Kyong Og Ko, Ji Hee Cho, Yun Duk Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(3):315-322.   Published online March 15, 1998
Purpose : It was noted some changes of clinical manifestations of mycoplasma pneumonia. we reviewed and compared these changes and saught any clues causes for proper dignosis and treatment. Methods : We divided patients with mycoplasma pneumonia into two groups, Group 1(from Jan. to Dec. 1996) and Group 2(from Jan. to Dec. 1994), and analyzed clinical, radiologic, and serologic differences. Results :...
Clinicopathological Study about Childhood Primary Nephrotic Syndrome Resistant to 4-week Daily Steroid Therapy
Jung Sue Kim, Il Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Yong Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(12):1729-1735.   Published online December 15, 1996
Purpose : Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children is difficult to manage and tends to progress to chronic renal failure. We studied clinicopathological correlations in primary nephrotic syndrome in children resistant to 4-week daily steroid therapy. Methods : Among children who had been admitted to Seoul National University Children's Hospital during the period between Oct. 1985 and Jul. 1995 and diagnosed as primary nephrotic syndrome, 87...
Effect of Steroid Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Children with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Byeong Hee Son, Woo Yeong Chung, Chul Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(6):822-828.   Published online June 15, 1996
Purpose : Osteoporosis and growth failure have been known one of the serious side effects of corticosteroid therapy especially in children. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of long-term administration of steroids on bone mineral density(BMD) in children with nephrotic syndrome and its relationship to cumulative steroid dose, the duration of the rapy and sex. Methods : The BMD of...
Studieson NormalValuesforRed Blood Cells in Korean Children
Soon Ki Kim, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(5):673-681.   Published online May 15, 1996
Purpose : Values for hemoglobin, erythrocyte indices and red cell distribution width used in the diagnosis of anemia and iron deficiency are known to vary to some degree according to age. We tried to define age-related changes in red blood cells (RBC) profiles. Methods : With the eletronic counters routinely used in clinical laboratories we evaluated the RBC profiles of 1,717 samples of blood from...
Case Report
A Case of Spontaneously Remitted Congenital Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Tae Sun Ha, Kyung Hee Lee, Beom Soo Park, Heon Seok Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(9):1288-1292.   Published online September 15, 1995
Nephrotic syndrome is a condition with severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. When the syndrome develops within the first 3 months of life, it is generally considered as congenital and the overall outcome in this group seems to be worse than in miniaml change lesion that occurs at an older age regardless of the pathologic findings. A female infant with congenital nephrotic...
Original Article
The Effects of Adriamycin on Ionic Currents in Single Cardiac Myocytes of the Rabbit
Sejung Sohn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(8):1093-1106.   Published online August 15, 1995
Purpose : The study objective was to elucidate the possible pathophysiologic mechanism of Ca overload by adriamycin (ADR) which is associated with ADR- induced cardiotoxicity. Methods : The effects of ADR on ionic currents were studied using the whole cell voltage clamp technique in single cardiac myocytes of the rabbit. Results : The magnitude of the inward tail current, recorded at -70mV...
Exchange Transfusion Using Percutaneous Femoral Vein Catheterization in Neonates: Comparison with Umbilical Vein Catheterization
Song-Ja Kim, Hyang-Ok Woo, Seung-Hwan Kim, Mi-Ryeong Kim, Sun-Kyeong Sin, Hee-Shang Youn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(2):180-184.   Published online February 15, 1994
Traditionally umbilical vein has been used for exchange transfusion in neonates. This method is relatively safe and effective but with a few complications. So via percutaneous femoral vein catheters we tried exchange transfusion in 30 patients with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia admitted to GNUH from September 1990 to August 1992. Femoral vein catheterization succeeded in 2~3 trials. In all cases high bilirubin level...
Cyclosporin A Treatment of Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Ik Jun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(12):1740-1746.   Published online December 15, 1993
In this study I assesed the efficacy and tolerance of cyclosporin A (CyA) in the treatment of steroid-dependent MCNS (minimal change nephrotic cyndrome) and steroid resistant FSGS (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis). The results showed, that 1) CyA was effective in sustaining a remission in steroid-dependent MCNS without prednisone treatment, and therefore, could be an alternative therapeutic choice. 2) After discontinuation of CyA, relapses reccurred...
Studies on the Prognostic Marker in Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Byoung-Soo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(7):906-912.   Published online July 15, 1993
Childhood minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is often associated with hyper-sensitivity reactions and considered to be caused by immune dysfunction. The elevated serum IgE levels and atopic symptoms have been frequently associated in these patients. The present therapy for MCNS mainly depends on corticosteroids, alkylating agents such as chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide and cyclosporin A (Cy-A). Howerver, frequent relapses and severe side effects...
A Clinical Study on Neonatal Exchange Transfusion
Eun Ju Park, Eun Wui Kim, Yang Sook Choi, Son Sang Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(4):469-477.   Published online April 15, 1993
Clinical observation was perfumed on 81 cases who were received exchange transfusion at Ilsin Christian Hospital from January, 1986 to December, 1990. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Among 6,388 cases of neonatal jaundice, the exchange transfusion was performed on 81 cases(1.27%) 2) There was no sex predominance (male 40, female 41). The birth weight of 75 cases(92.6%) ranged from 2,500 gm...
Acute hemodynamic effects of increasing hemoglobin concentration in children with congenital heart disease and relative anemia.
You In Park, Young You, Chang Sung Son, Joo Won Lee, Young Chang Tocko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(6):787-795.   Published online June 30, 1991
The short-term effects of increasing hemoglobin concentration were evaluated on cardiac catheter- ization in nine patients with congenital heart diseases and relative anemia. Diagnosis were ventricular septal defect in six, tetralogy of Fallot in two, and endocardial cushion defect in one. Various hemodynamic data including pulmonary and systemic blood flow, pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance and the degree of shunt were compared before and...
The role of exchange transfusion as a therapy for neonatal DIC.
Jung Tak Kim, Kook In Park, Ran Namgung, Dong Gwan Han, Kir Young Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(1):31-40.   Published online January 31, 1991
A clinical study on the effects of exchange transfusion on disseminated intravascular coagulation was conducted on 32 patients with DIC who were admitted to the pediatric department of YUMC from January 1984 to June 1989. We diagnosed DIC when symptoms were compatible to the diagnosis and there were more than 3 abnormal laboratory findings out of the following 5, which were platelet count, PT,...
Study on Pubertal Changes in Adolescent Girls.
Sang Mi Ha, Ki Soo Pai, Un Jun Hyoung, Duk Hi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(7):989-998.   Published online July 31, 1990
Puberty is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood whereby rapid growth takes place psychologically and physically, especially sexual maturation. Puberty usually starts at 10 to 12 years and ends at 17 to 19 years. However due to recent improvement in general hygiene, nutrition and standard of living, puberty comes at an earlier age. Three thousand nine hundred and ninety seven girls from...
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