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Case Report
Two adolescent patients with coexistent Graves' disease and Moyamoya disease in Korea
Chong Kun Cheon, Su Yung Kim, Jae-Ho Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(6):287-291.   Published online June 30, 2014

Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular condition that results in the narrowing of the vessels of the circle of Willis and collateral vessel formation at the base of the brain. Although relationships between Graves' disease and cerebrovascular accidents in Moyamoya disease are obscure, the coexistence of the two diseases is noteworthy. Moyamoya disease has been rarely reported in adolescent patients with...

Moyamoya syndrome occurred in a girl with an inactive systemic lupus erythematosus
Yun-Jin Lee, Gyu Min Yeon, Sang Ook Nam, Su Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(12):545-549.   Published online December 20, 2013

We report the case of a 17-year-old Korean girl with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with sudden weakness of the right-sided extremities and dysarthria. Oral prednisolone was being taken to control SLE. Results of clinical and laboratory examinations did not show any evidence of antiphospholipid syndrome or thromboembolic disease nor SLE activity. Cerebral angiography showed stenosis of the left...

Asymptomatic moyamoya syndrome, atlantoaxial subluxation and basal ganglia calcification in a child with Down syndrome
Kyung Yeon Lee, Kun-Soo Lee, Young Cheol Weon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(12):540-543.   Published online December 20, 2013

Down syndrome, the most common chromosomal abnormality, may be associated with various neurologic complications such as moyamoya syndrome, cervical spinal cord compression due to atlantoaxial subluxation, and basal ganglia damage, as well as epileptic seizures and stroke. Many cases of Down syndrome accompanied by isolated neurologic manifestations have been reported in children; however, Down syndrome with multiple neurologic conditions is...

Review Article
Indirect revascularization surgery for moyamoya disease in children and its special considerations
Kyu-Chang Wang, Ji Hoon Phi, Ji Yeoun Lee, Seung-Ki Kim, Byung-Kyu Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(11):408-413.   Published online November 23, 2012

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is the most common pediatric cerebrovascular disease in Far Eastern countries. In children, MMD frequently manifests as ischemic symptomatology. Cerebral perfusion gradually decreases as the disease progresses, which often leads to cerebral infarction. The benefits of revascularization surgery, whether direct or indirect, have been well established in MMD patients with ischemic symptoms. In adults, the increase in...

Pediatric cerebrovascular disease
Ji Hoon Phi, Kyu-Chang Wang, Byung-Kyu Cho, Seung-Ki Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(12):1282-1289.   Published online December 15, 2008
Recently, accumulated clinical experience and advanced neuroradiological techniques have led to a better understanding of pediatric cerebrovascular disease (CVD), which was once considered rare. Approximately 10% of pediatric neurosurgical patients have CVD; therefore, it is no longer uncommon to pediatricians and pediatric neurosurgeons. Furthermore, children with CVD tend to recover better than adults after stroke because the immature brain is...
Case Report
A Case of Moyamoya Disease with Neurofibromatosis Type I
Mi A Lee, Joo Pil Eum, Hae Young Lee, Byung Ho Cha
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(1):93-96.   Published online January 15, 2005
Neurofibromatosis type I is an autosomal dominant disorder with varied manifestations in bone, soft tissue, the nervous system and skin. This is characterized by cafe-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, Lisch nodules, optic glioma, bony displasia, and intertriginous freckling. One of the more serious aspect of the disease relates to the arterial involvement. Vascular changes in neurofibromatosis may occur in any arterial tree...
A Case of Moyamoya Disease in a Child with Alagille Syndrome
Mi Rang Lim, So Yaun Lee, Deok Soo Kim, Kyung Mo Kim, Tae Sung Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(1):86-90.   Published online January 15, 2003
Alagille syndrome is a autosomal dominant disorder characterized by intrahepatic bile duct paucity and resultant chronic cholestasis in combination with cardiac(mainly peripheral pulmonary stenosis), skeletal, ocular, and facial abnormalities. In addition to the pulmonary stenosis, in large series, anecdotal reports of vascular lesions have concerned the renal artery, aorta, hepatic artery, carotid artery, celiac artery or subclavian artery. Theses diffuse...
Original Article
Clinical Observation on Moyamoya Disease in Childhood.
Se Hee Hwang, Jae Il Sohn, Yong Seung Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(2):178-188.   Published online February 28, 1990
Although the etiology and treatment of moyamoya disease are unknown, the surgical correction is expected as a good treatment method. But its effectiveness is not confirmed until now. A clinical study was performed on 21 patients of moyamoya disease in childhood who admitted to the Pediatric and Neurosurgical department of SNUCH from Jan. 1980 till July 1989. The results were as follows: 1) The ratio of...
Case Report
Moyamoya Disease with Intraventricular Hemorrhage in a Child.
Byoung Hai Ahn, Chung Il Noh, Yong Seung Hwang, Young Soo Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1983;26(12):1247-1253.   Published online December 31, 1983
A 9-year-old female patient with evidence of intraventricular hemorrhage by computed tomography was subsequently proven to have moyamoya disease by cerebral angiography. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is the most common initial manifestation of moyamoya disease in the adult. However, such presentation seldom occurs in childhood moyamoya disease, and intraventricular hemorrhage has been quite rare in children. The rarity of this manifestation of moyamoya disease and its cause...
A Case of Moyamoya Disease with Focal Seizure.
Man Gee Hong, Hak Ki Kim, Kyung Tai Whang, Sung Hoon Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1982;25(10):1053-1057.   Published online October 31, 1982
We experienced a case of Moyamoya syndrome in a 4 year-old girl. The patient was well until 3 years of age when she first experienced numbness of the left arm. After 10 days of above episode, she had tonic-clonic movements of left sided extremities which lasted, approximately 2 hours and followed by paresis. During the following week the second attack of focal seizure followed...
A Case of Moyamoya Disease in Child.
Joong Gon Kim, Sang Il Lee, Baek Youn Choo, Kwang Chan Do, Chong Ku Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1981;24(8):786-790.   Published online August 15, 1981
A childhood case of moyamoya disease with subarachnoid hemorrhage is reported. This patient exhibited left hemiparesis, dysarthria, convulsion and mental retardation. He also had characteristic angiographic picture: occlusion of supraclinoid segment of both internal carotid arteries, combined with collateral networks in the base of brain.
Two Cases of Moyamoya Disease.
Kyo Sun Kim, Han Soo Choi, Ki Sub Chung, Duk Jin Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1981;24(7):699-702.   Published online July 15, 1981
Moyamoya disease is characterised by stenosis or occlusion in the distal portions of the internal carotid artery. There is the associated finding of a fine network of abnormal vessels ('moyamoya' vessels, that is 'puff of smoke' like appearance) in the region of the basal ganglia. We experienced two cases of moyamoya disease which was confirmed by carotid angiogram. Case 1...
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