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Case Report
Traumatic ventricular septal defect in a 4-year-old boy after blunt chest injury
Yun Mi Kim, Byung Won Yoo, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Young Hwan Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(2):86-89.   Published online February 28, 2011

Traumatic ventricular septal defect (VSD) resulting from blunt chest injury is a very rare event. The mechanisms of traumatic VSD have been of little concern to dateuntil now, but two dominant theories have been described. In one, the rupture occurs due to acute compression of the heart; in the other, it is due to myocardial infarction of the septum. The...

Transcatheter Closure of a Residual Shunt after Surgical Repair of Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect
Hee Jeong Jeong, Han Hyuk Lim, Jae Hyun Yu, Jae Hwan Lee, Hong Ryang Kil
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1143-1147.   Published online October 15, 2005
The traumatic ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a rare but potentially life threatening complication of chest wall injury. The traumatic VSD occurs in up to 4.5% of penetrating cardiac trauma. Most of the patients are usually operated on because of heart failure and/or significant left-to-right shunt. The feasibility of surgical repair under cardiopulmonary bypass may be affected by coexisting pulmonary,...
Original Article
Teratogenic Effect of Dopamine on the Embryonic Chick Heart
Bon-Seok Koo, Nam Su Kim, Yong Joo Kim, Sung Yup Moon, Hang Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(7):913-919.   Published online July 15, 2000
Purpose : To investigate the teratogenic potential of dopamine using a topical method of application to the developing Korean native chick embryo. Methods : A 5μg(0.05cc) of dopamine was applied to a 3-days-old chick embryo and the same amount of saline solution was applied as control. The embryo was then returned to the incubator and monitored. After 3 weeks the embryo was sacrificed and...
Treatment of Pulmonary Atresia, Ventricular Septal Defect and Diminutive Pulmonary Arteries Comparing First Palliative Management Schemes
Jean Yoon, In Seung Park, Soo Jin Kim, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Cho, Eun Jung Bae, Young Tak Lee, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(6):800-806.   Published online June 15, 1999
Purpose : This report reviews an 8-year treatment of pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect and diminutive pulmonary arteries, comparing first palliative management schemes. Methods : Between January 1989 and March 1997, patients had their pulmonary artery anatomy evaluated before any surgical managements. Twenty-two patients had diminutive pulmonary arteries(Nakata index<90). Clinical records, hemodynamic data, and cineangiograms were examined in these patients. Results...
Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Heart of Trisomy 16 in Mice
Eun Jung Bae, Yong Soo Yun, Jung Sun Kim, Jeong-Wook Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(5):621-630.   Published online May 15, 1999
Purpose : Although abnormal developments of cushion and atrioventricular septum have been suggested, the exact mechanism for the development of atrioventricular septal defect is not well known. We aimed to identify the role of cell proliferation and apoptosis on cardiac morphogenesis in trisomy 16 mice(an animal model for Down's syndrome in human). Methods : We examined the difference in cardiac...
Case Report
A Case of Septic Pulmonary Emboli in Ventricular Septal Defect
Keum Bong Jee, Jae Kook Cha, Kon Hee Lee, Kwan Seop Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(2):279-283.   Published online February 15, 1999
Septic pulmonary emboli(SPE) is derived from a variety of sources, including infected heart valves, peripheral sites of septic thrombophlebitis and infected venous catheters or pacemaker wires. In adult intravenous drug users, the most common cause of septic emboli is tricuspid valve endocarditis, but infective endocarditis in the non-complicated ventricular septal defect is a relatively rare condition in infants and...
Original Article
Relation of Postoperative Complication and Duration of Artificial Ventilation in Infants with Large Ventricular Septal Defect
Jeong-Yeol Song, Hyang-Suk Yoon, Hyun-Woong Yang, Jong-Bum Choi, Soon-Ho Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(5):633-639.   Published online May 15, 1998
Purpose : The importance of postoperative management of those who have undergone intracardiac repair for congenital heart diseases has increased in recent years. In this study, we investigated postoperative complications and their relations to preoperative age or duration of the intubation and artificial ventilation in infants with large symptomatic ventricular septal defect. Methods : Between January, 1993 and December, 1996, sixty...
Postoperative Weight-Gain in Early Infants with Symptomatic Large Ventricular Septal Defect
Chang-Rang Kang, Hyang-Suk Yoon, Jong-Bum Choi, Soon-Ho Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(12):1675-1680.   Published online December 15, 1997
Purpose : To investigate the postoperative patterns of weight-gain in early infants with ventricular septal defects(VSDs), we analyze 48 patients who received primary surgical closure of the symptomatic VSDs during 6 months of age in the period of 1993 through 1995. Methods : Forty-sixt infants met criteria for inclusion in the study. The mean follow up period was 14 months(3 to 36 months). Weight...
Interim Results of Single Stage Operation for Coarctation of Aorta with Large Ventricular Septal Defect in Infancy
Ho Sung Kim, Chung Il Noh, Yong Soo Yun, Jung Yun Choi, Jeong Ryul Lee, Yong Jin Kim, Joon Ryang Roh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(9):1250-1257.   Published online September 15, 1997
Purpose : There are controversies in the operative methods of aorta with ventricular septal defect in infancy. Recent results of single stage operation for coarctation of aorta with intracardiac defects were regarded as comparable to staged operation. We evaluated our interim results after single stage operation for coarctation of aorta with large ventricular septal defect in infancy. Methods : Twenty six infants who had received...
Echocardiographic Study of the Ventricular Septal Defect with Subaortic Ridge
Kyeung Hee Moon, Pyoung Han Hwang, Chan Uhng Joo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(5):629-634.   Published online May 15, 1997
Purpose : The easy recognition and characterization of a discrete or fixed subaortic ridge by echocardiography provides a method for prospective study of the coexistence of ventricular septal defect(VSD) and subaortic ridge. In the presence of a VSD, a subaortic ridge may be clinically silent, but the obstruction can progress if the VSD is surgically or spontaneously closed. This study...
Clinical Course of Atrioventricular Septal Defect(AVSD) in Down and non Down syndrome
Un Seok Nho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(9):1288-1294.   Published online September 15, 1996
Purpose : It is well known that 1/3 - 1/2 of Atrioventricular septal defect(AVSD) patients also have Down syndrome which may influence the clinical course of AVSD. To know the anatomic type of AVSD and the effect of Down syndrome on the clinical course of AVSD, we studied 37 cases( Down group: 14 cases, non Down group: 23 cases) who were diagnosed and...
Hemodynamic Status of Subpulmonic Ventricular Septal Defect in Relation to Morphologic Changes of Aortic Valve
Myung Hyun Sohn, Jae Young Choi, Jong Kyun Lee, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(8):1103-1110.   Published online August 15, 1996
Purpose : Subpulmonic ventricular septal defect is clinically important because the risks of aortic regurgitation and endocarditis are substantially increased. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hemodynamic changes induced by structural anomalies of aortic valve on the surgical outcome. Methods : This clinical study was done by reviewing the medical records of 124 patients who were diagnosed and surgically managed at the...
Clinical Significance of Simple Ventricular Septal Defect
Chang Ro Park, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(5):652-657.   Published online May 15, 1996
Purpose : To investigate the clinical significance and frequency of simple VSD by location of the defect and hemodynamic severity. Methods : We studied 482 cases who were diagnosed as simple VSD at department of Pediatrics, Kyung Pook University Hospital between December 1983 and July 1993. All cases were diagnosed by 2 dimensional echocardiography and cardiac catheterization was done in 256 cases. Results :...
Clinical Studiesof Tetralogy of Fallot Associated with Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defect
Min Seop Song, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi, 서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실, Yong Jin Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(3):354-360.   Published online March 15, 1996
Purpose : The association of the tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) with the complete form of atrioventricular septal defect(AVSD) is rare cardiac malformation.The predominant clinical findings in both groups of cases were those associated with tetralogy of Fallot, but certain features need to be emphasized, however. Methods : Forteen(2%) out of 659 patients with tetralogy of Fallot seen at the department of pediatrics, Seoul...
Early Postoperative Results of the Large Ventricular Septal Defect in Infants Younger Than 1 Year of Age
Man-Teak Oh, Hyang-Suk Yoon, Jong-Bum Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(1):72-77.   Published online January 15, 1996
Purpose : We report the results of a policy of primary surgical closure of large ventricular septal defects(VSDs) applied over the past 3 years to all symptomatic infants regardless of patient weight, location or number of VSDs. To analyze the early postoperative mortality and other surgical complications in young infants, comparison of preoperative and outcome variables were made between infants...
Clinical Significance of Septal Malalignment in Ventricular Septal Defect
Dae-Keun Moon, Jae-Sook Ma
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(11):1565-1572.   Published online November 15, 1994
Purpose : Depending on the direction and degree of the septal deviation, the patient with malalignment-type VSD present with a variety of clinical syndrome. It is the purpose of this study to examine clinical characteristics of malalignment-type VSD, and to emphasize the clinical significance of septal malalignment in VSD and thus to increase the awareness for it. Methods : We analyzed...
Clinical Significance of Septal Malalignment in Ventricular Septal Defect
Wan-Yong Shin, Sa-Jun Chung, Chang-Il Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(11):1565-1573.   Published online November 15, 1994
Purpose : Depending on the direction and degree of the septal deviation, the patient with malalignment-type VSD present with a variety of clinical syndrome. It is the purpose of this study to examine clinical characteristics of malalignment-type VSD, and to emphasize the clinical significance of septal malalignment in VSD and thus to increase the awareness for it. Methods : We analyzed...
Study on the Frequency of Right Bundle Branch Block After Surgical Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect
Ho Joon Im, Jin Nyoung Park, Nam Su Kim, Jeh Hoon Shin, In Joon Seol, Soo Ji Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(1):88-93.   Published online January 15, 1993
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ventricular conduction abnormalities, especially RNNN, observed electrocardiographically after sugical closure of VSD. The present study population consists of 92 patients with VSD who were surgically corrected at the Hanyang University Hospital during 6 years period from Jan. 1985 to Dec. 1990. We reviewed their clinical records including surgical notes and EKG findings...
A case of 11q deletion syndrome.
Hye Kyeong Nam, Rhee Choi, Chang Hwi Kim, Sang Jhoo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(11):1587-1592.   Published online November 30, 1991
11q-syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly. We experienced a case of llq deletion syndrome in a female infant. It was diagnosed by clinical features and chromosomal study. She had multiple anomalies such as flat occiput, hypertelorism, low set malformed ear, anteverted nostril, small carp-shaped mouth, micrognathia, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and ventricular septal defect. Chromosomal study showed partial terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome...
Clinical study on the factors used in the diagnosis of heart failure.
Dong Chul Park, Seok Min Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Dong Shik Chin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(11):1534-1539.   Published online November 30, 1991
Heart failure is the state in which heart cannot produce the cardiac output required to sustain the metabolic needs of the body without evoking certain compensatory mechanisms. As these mecha- nisms become ineffective, increasingly severe clinical manifestations result. The diagnosis of conges- tive heart failure relies on several sources of clinical findings, including history, physical examination, and chest X-rays. For lack of uniform diagnostic...
The muscular ventricular septal defect and multiple ventricular septal defects in some congenital heart diseases.
Young Hwi Kim, Ki Soo Kim, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yoon, In One Kim, Kyung Mo Yeon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(6):779-786.   Published online June 30, 1991
In order to find out the incidences of muscular ventricular septal defect and multiple ventricular septal defects in cases with isolated ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, complete endocar- dial cushion defect, complete transposition of the great arteries, corrected transposition of the great arteries and double outlet right ventricle, a retrospective analysis of 620 left ventriculograms were performed. The surgical and echocardiographic findings were...
A Study on the Pre-and Post-operative Growth Status of Children with Ventricular Septal Defect.
Kyung Hwan Kim, Chan Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(4):463-471.   Published online April 30, 1990
To evaluate the growth status of Congenital Heart Disease, we analyzed the 69 children with Ventricular Septal Defect who were admitted to Pediatric department and Chest Surgery department, Pusan National University Hospital from January, 1986 to June, 1987. The result of study were as follows: 1) This group was composed of 69 consecutive operation on children with ventricular septal defect. The sex distribution chanced to be...
The Estimation of Pressure Gradients of the various Cardiac Chambers Using Conbtinuos-Wave Doppler Echocardiography in Congenital Heart Disease.
Du Young Choi, Yeon Sim Kim, Hyung Suk Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(3):324-331.   Published online March 31, 1990
Continuous-Wave doppler echocardiography was used to estimate the Pressure gradient in 55 children with congenital heart disease. To test whether the Doppler method would be useful for evaluation and management of pediatric patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD)), pulmonic stenosis (PS), tricuspid regurgitation (TR), we recorded the maximal velocity (Vmax) of transseptal, pulmonary and regurgitant tricuspid jet flows and calculated the pressure gradients used by...
The Hemodynamics and Electrocardiogram in Isolated Ventricular Septal Defect.
Kwang Man Kim, Ki Young Song, Sang Kwon Lee, Tae Chan Kwon, Chin Moo Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(8):1098-1105.   Published online August 31, 1989
Ventricular septal defect is the most common cardiac malformation, accounting for 25% of congenital heart disease. The electrocardiogram is becoming more useful as a tool in estimating the size of the ventricular septal defect and the type of pulmonary vascular response. This report comprises 210 patients in whom the diagnosis of isolated ventricular septal defect was made by cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography at Dong San...
Truncus Arteriosus Associated with Interrupted Aortic Arch.
Chang Hyun Yang, Jae Seung Yang, Jun Hee Sul, Dong Soo Kim, Sung Kyu Lee, Dong Shik Chin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(6):779-783.   Published online June 30, 1988
We experienced a case of truncus arteriousus associated with interrupted aortic arch, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. A 5 month old boy had complained of rapid respiration and feeding difficulty since birth. There was no visible cyanosis or clubbing toes and nails. There was a grade 2 〜3 ejection systolic murmur with maximum intensity at the left lower sternal border. Diagnosis was...
The Criteria for Surgical Correction of Ventricular Septal Defect by Non-invasive Diagnostic Methods.
Chuhl Joo Lyu, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Dong Shik Chin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(8):830-835.   Published online August 31, 1986
In selected cases, early corrective surgery is indicated in the management of infants with moderate or large ventricular septal defects. The risks of any surgical procedure in infancy are acknowledged to be great and should be avoided if possible. However, these surgical risks are justified when the patients have intractable congestive heart failure, marked growth retardation, recurrent prolonged lower respiratory...
Clinical Studies on Ventricular Septal Defect with Septal Aneurysm.
Jae Kon Ko, Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yun, Chang Yee Hong, Kyung Mo Yeon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(5):504-509.   Published online May 31, 1986
Ninety-nine cases of ventricular septal defect with septal aneurysm which were confirmed by angiocardiography and 2-D echocardiography during the period of 2 years from 1983 to 1984 at SNUH were studied and analyzed. The summary of the findings are as follows: 1) Septal aneurysm was found in 99(26.9%) of 368 cases of total VSD and in 38.2% among membranous VSD....
So-called 'Septal Aneurysm' in membranous Ventricular Septal defect.
Han Young Lee, In Hee Park, Ha Baik Lee, Heung Jae Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1985;28(9):869-879.   Published online September 30, 1985
During the period of 4 years from October, 1980 to September, 1984, 28 cases with septal aneurysm in membranous ventricular septal defect were observed and evaluated at Hanyaeng University Hospital, and those were confirmed by LV angiogram and/or 2D-echocardiogram. We also correlated the findings of aneurysm of the membranous septum with clinical, electrocardiographic and hemodynamic data for use in noninvasive...
Comparative Study on Quantitation of Left to Right Shunts in Ventricular Septal Defect Using Oximetry and Radionuclide Method.
Chang Yee Hong, Jung Yun Choi, Se Won Park, Yong Soo Yun, Chang Soon Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1985;28(4):340-344.   Published online April 30, 1985
In 80 children with isolated ventricular septal defect, quantitation of left to right shunts was performed using oximetry and rdionuclide angiocardiography(RNA). The radionuclide angiocardiograms were acquired and analized by a gamma camera interfaced to a digital computer system. Pulmonary to systemic f!ow(Qp/Qs) ratios were calculated by analysis of pulmonary time-activity histograms using a gamma variate model. A comparison of the...
A Clinical Observation on Isolated Ventricular Septal Defect In Children.
Chang Ho Lee, Kwang Do Lee, Sang Bum Lee, Ja Hoon Koo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1984;27(7):702-710.   Published online July 31, 1984
A clinical study was done an 39 cases of isolated VSD who had been admitted to the Pediatric Department of Kyungpook National University Hospital, and and confirmed by cardiac catheterization during the period from January 1975 to May 1983. The results were as follows; Out of 77 cases of congenital heart disease underwent cardiac catheterization, 39 cases were isolated VSD,...
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