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Purpose : The incidence of Down syndrome, the most common chromosoaml anomaly, increases with the advanced maternal age. Recently, however, the incidence of Down symdrome was reported to have decreased with wide acceptance of prenatal diagnosis and planned parenthood, prompting us to re-evaluate the incidence of Down syndrome in relation to changes in maternal age. Methods : Subjected to study were 296 Down cases: 26... |
Purpose : We tried to find the relationships between the fetal beta-cell function and neonatal birth weight, anthropometric measures, and maternal characteristics, and to observe role of insulin as fetal growth factor in offsprings of mothers who have normal glucose metabolism. Methods : We measured umbilical cord blood insulin and C-peptide concentrations in 236 neonates delivered at Cheil General Hospital from Jan. 1 to... |
Purpose : The incidence of tuberculous meningitis has reportedly decreased from 4.2% in 1970 to 1.8% in 1990 in Korea; however, tuberculous meningitis, which spreads hematogenously, claiming majority of mortality in childhood tuberculosis, still poses serious problems. This study was performed to evaluate the recent trend of tuberculous meningitis. Methods : We compared with three groups of tuberculous meningitis, two were our previous reports on... |
Purpose : To know the natural course of the ostium secundum ASD including its rate of spontaneous closure. Methods : We studied 259 cases who were diagnosed as ostium secundum ASD by 2D-echocardiography at Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital between Jan. 1985 and Dec. 1994. According to the age at diagnosis, we divided them into two groups, group I (those diagnosed before 1... |
Purpose : Although many strides have been made in the radiological and laboratory diagnosis, the liver biopsy is still considered an important tool for the diagnosis of liver disease. We report our experience that histologic investigation of the liver was essential searching for the etiologic diagnosis in eight children with fever of unknowm origin and hepatosplenomegaly, who's diagnosis were not documented by other diagnostic... |
Purpose : There have been many accidental ingestions of strong acid or alkali in early childhood. If the patient survives the acute effects of caustic ingestion, the reparative response can result in esophageal and gastric stenosis. However there have been few endoscopic studies on caustic esophagitis in children. The aim of this study was to review the contribution of the endoscopy to the diagnosis... |
Purpose : Renal scar or reflux nephropathy, known as a major cause of end-stage renal failure and hypertension in children and young adults, is frequently detected in pediatric urinary tract infection(UTI) patients at their first infections. So early and accurate diagnosis, and follow up of renal scar are very important. We performed this study to recognize the importance of radiologic examinations for detection of... |
Objective : Oxygen free radicals has been reported to be the critical cellular mediators of experimental ischemia-reperfusion renal injury. We examined the protective effect of allopurinol (an xanthine oxidase inhibitor) on the renal damage by reperfusion in the ischemic rat kidney. Methods : To induce renal ischemia, the Sprague-Dawley rats(weight 70-80g) were placed in a sealed 5L jar with 8% O2-92% N2 gas mixture... |
Purpose : For prevention of renal scar, early diagnosis and treatement of acute pyelonephritis are important in children with febrile urinary tract infection. But it has been difficult to differentiate acute pyelonephritis from lower urinary tract infection. We have performed this study to evaluate the diagnostic value of 99mTc-DMSA renal scan and to clarify the relationship among acute pyelonephritis, vesico-ureteral reflux and renal scar. Methods... |
Purpose : For diagnosis of growth hormone(GH) deficiency in short stature, peak growth hormone levels after pharmacologic stimulation are usually used. In this study, we measured serum IGFBP-3, which is a major binding protein in serum and is considered to be GH-IGF-I axis dependent, levels by radioimmuno assay(RIA) in sera from normal short stature(NSS) children, and patients with GH deficiency children to clarify the... |
Purpose : The etiology of the Kawasaki disease remains unclear, many strong clinical and epidemiologic characteristics suggest an infectious etiology. However, conventional bacterial and viral cultures and extensive serologic studies have not revealed a consistent causative agent. Thus we studied the Epstein Barr virus(EBV), one of the most important pathogens, to access the association between the EBV and Kawasaki disease. Methods : Seventy-two patients with... |
Nitric oxide, an endothelium-derived relaxing factor, is a selective pulmonary vasodilator. We have built and settled down the delivery system of nitirc oxide gas inhalation for the first time in Korea. Two newborn babies delvelped near fatal pulmonary hypertension after surgical repair of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. All conventional therapeutic measures failed. So we decided to attempt to use of nitric oxide gas for... |
Nezelof's syndrome(combined immunodeficiency with immunoglobulin) is a hereditary primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent chronic pulmonary infections, oral and cutaneous candidiasis, failure to thrive, chronic diarrhea, skin infection, urinary tract infection, gram-negative sepsis, severe progressive varicella infection, lymphopenia, diminished lymphoid tissue, abnormal structure of the thymus, and presence of normal or increased levels of one or more of the major immunoglobulin classes, but with impaired antibody... |
Major known causes of neonatal adrenal insufficiency are prolonged maternalsteroid use, adrenal hemorrhage from the perinatal stress and adrenogenital syndrome. Theoretically adrenal aplasia might be a cause of neonatal adrenal insufficiency but it has not been reported yet. We had experienced a case of adrenal aplasia in a 5 day-old male neonate whose chief complaint was hyperpigmentation. His laboratory findings were compatible... |
Duplications of the stomach account for only 3.8% of gastrointestinal duplication, mainly discovered during first year of life. Etiopathogenesis is unknown. The most widely accepted theory is recannalization with fusion of longitudinal epithelial fold. The most frequent presented symptoms and signs include gastric outlet obstruction with vomiting, and palpable mass in the epigatric area. An upper gatrointestinal series usually reveals evidence of extrinsic mass... |
Tethered cord syndrome is one of the spinal dysraphism with low-lying conus medullaris frequently associated with spinal lipoma, diastematomyelia and thick filum. The clinical manifestation is variable from no overt symptoms for a long time to back pain, scoliosis, progressive neurological deficit of legs and incontinence. Therefore the diagnosis requires a strong clinical suspicion and aggressive investigation. We experienced a case of 1 day-old male... |