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Volume 57(10); Oct 2014
Review Articles
Adrenal and thyroid function in the fetus and preterm infant
Hye Rim Chung
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(10):425-433.   Published online October 31, 2014

Adrenal and thyroid hormones are essential for the regulation of intrauterine homeostasis, and for the timely differentiation and maturation of fetal organs. These hormones play complex roles during fetal life, and are believed to underlie the cellular communication that coordinates maternal-fetal interactions. They serve to modulate the functional adaptation for extrauterine life during the perinatal period. The pathophysiology of systemic...

Advancements in the treatment of pediatric acute leukemia and brain tumor - continuous efforts for 100% cure
Hee Young Ju, Che Ry Hong, Hee Young Shin
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(10):434-439.   Published online October 31, 2014

Treatment outcomes of pediatric cancers have improved greatly with the development of improved treatment protocols, new drugs, and better supportive measures, resulting in overall survival rates greater than 70%. Survival rates are highest in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, reaching more than 90%, owing to risk-based treatment through multicenter clinical trials and protocols developed to prevent central nervous system relapse and testicular...

Original Articles
Serum interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in febrile seizures: is there a link?
Abolfazl Mahyar, Parviz Ayazi, Reza Orangpour, Mohammad Mahdi Daneshi-Kohan, Mohammad Reza Sarokhani, Amir Javadi, Morteza Habibi, Mousa Talebi-Bakhshayesh
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(10):440-444.   Published online October 31, 2014
Purpose

Febrile seizures are induced by fever and are the most common type of seizures in children. Although numerous studies have been performed on febrile seizures, their pathophysiology remains unclear. Recent studies have shown that cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures. The present study was conducted to identify potential links between serum interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis...

The large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel holds the key to the conundrum of familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis
June-Bum Kim, Sung-Jo Kim, Sun-Yang Kang, Jin Woong Yi, Seung-Min Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(10):445-450.   Published online October 31, 2014
Purpose

Familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HOKPP) is an autosomal dominant channelopathy characterized by episodic attacks of muscle weakness and hypokalemia. Mutations in the calcium channel gene, CACNA1S, or the sodium channel gene, SCN4A, have been found to be responsible for HOKPP; however, the mechanism that causes hypokalemia remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to improve the understanding...

Serum procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker of neonatal sepsis
In Ho Park, Seung Hyun Lee, Seung Taek Yu, Yeon Kyun Oh
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(10):451-456.   Published online October 31, 2014
Purpose

We evaluated serum procalcitonin (PCT) as a diagnostic marker of neonatal sepsis, and compared PCT levels with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 269 neonates with a suspected infection, admitted to Wonkwang University School of Medicine & Hospital between January 2011 and December 2012, for whom PCT and CRP values had been obtained. Neonates were categorized...

Case Reports
Overlapping Guillain-Barré syndrome and Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis associated with Epstein Barr virus
Young Il Rho
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(10):457-460.   Published online October 31, 2014

A flaccid tetraparesis in Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is presumed to be a sign of overlapping Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In addition, BBE and Fisher syndrome, which are clinically similar and are both associated with the presence of the immunoglobulin G anti-GQ1b antibody, represent a specific autoimmune disease with a wide spectrum of symptoms that include ophthalmoplegia and ataxia. A 2-year-old...

Inhaled iloprost for the treatment of patient with Fontan circulation
Yong Hyun Kim, Moon Hee Chae, Deok Young Choi
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(10):461-463.   Published online October 31, 2014

Decreased exercise capacity after Fontan surgery is relatively common and the failure of the Fontan state gradually increases with age. However, there is no further treatment for patients with Fontan circulation. Pulmonary vasodilation therapy is an effective method to solve this problem because pulmonary vascular resistance is a major factor of the Fontan problem. Inhaled iloprost is a chemically stable...

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