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Volume 57(12); Dec 2014
Review Articles
Necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns: update in pathophysiology and newly emerging therapeutic strategies
Young Youn Choi
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(12):505-513.   Published online December 31, 2014

While the survival of extremely premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome has increased due to advanced respiratory care in recent years, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. NEC is more prevalent in lower gestational age and lower birth weight groups. It is characterized by various degrees of mucosal or transmural necrosis of the intestine....

BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis after pediatric stem cell transplantation
Seung Beom Han, Bin Cho, Jin Han Kang
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(12):514-519.   Published online December 31, 2014

Hemorrhagic cystitis is a common stem cell transplantation-related complication. The incidence of early-onset hemorrhagic cystitis, which is related to the pretransplant conditioning regimen, has decreased with the concomitant use of mesna and hyperhydration. However, late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis, which is usually caused by the BK virus, continues to develop. Although the BK virus is the most common pathogenic microorganism of poststem...

Original Articles
Lifestyle modifications in an adolescent dormitory: a clinical trial
Ibrahim Abu-Kishk, Michal Alumot-Yehoshua, Gadi Reisler, Shai Efrati, Eran Kozer, Keren Doenyas-Barak, Michal Feldon, Zahi Dagan, Rami Reifen, Matitiahu Berkovitch
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(12):520-525.   Published online December 31, 2014
Purpose

Childhood obesity is an increasing public health issue worldwide. We examined dietary patterns among adolescents in a dormitory school, identified obese adolescents and tried to intervene to improve food habits and physical activity.

Methods

We conducted an experimental prospective longitudinal study based on 36 obese (body mass index [BMI]≥95th percentile) adolescents (aged 12-18 years) compared with controls (healthy children: normal age-appropriate BMI...

Associations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, and their inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, with obesity-related biomarkers in apparently healthy adolescent boys
Youn Ho Shin, Ki Eun Kim, Yong-Jae Lee, Jae-Hwan Nam, Young Mi Hong, Hye-Jung Shin
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(12):526-532.   Published online December 31, 2014
Purpose

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in atherosclerosis, and therefore, are considered risk factors for metabolic dysfunction in adults. However, there is little data on circulating levels of MMPs and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) with regard to obesity-related biomarkers in the general adolescent population. In the present study, we determined the associations of MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels and...

The relationship between serum adiponectin and inflammatory cytokines in obese Korean juveniles
Sung Hwan Byun, Eun Byul Kwon, Se Young Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(12):533-537.   Published online December 31, 2014
Purpose

Obesity is related to systemic inflammatory processes causing cardiovascular complications. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), CD40 ligand (CD40L), P-selectin are newly described mediators of inflammation and have a significant effect in atherosclerosis. Adiponectin has shown anti-inflammatory effects in adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adiponectin and inflammatory mediators in children and adolescents.

Methods

Fifty children or adolescents,...

Case Reports
Necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome secondary to varicella in a healthy child
Byung Ok Kwak, Min Jung Lee, Hye Won Park, Min Kyung Song, Sochung Chung, Kyo Sun Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(12):538-541.   Published online December 31, 2014

Varicella is usually considered to be a benign disease in healthy children; however, serious complications can occur such as necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome. We describe a 38-month-old girl with necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome following varicella. She was previously healthy and vaccinated against varicella at 12 months of age. She had been diagnosed with varicella three...

A pediatric case of Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis
Ju Yi Park, Kyong Og Ko, Jae Woo Lim, Eun Jung Cheon, Jung Min Yoon, Hyo Jeong Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2014;57(12):542-545.   Published online December 31, 2014

Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbance of consciousness. It is similar to Miller Fisher syndrome, a variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome, in that they share features such as ophthalmoplegia and ataxia. The difference is that patients with Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis have impaired consciousness, whereas patients with Miller Fisher syndrome have alert consciousness and areflexia. Here, we report...

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