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Volume 59(3); Mar 2016
Review Article
Hematology
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and recombinant factor VIIa treatment in pediatric patients
Jeong A Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):105-113.   Published online March 31, 2016

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a life-threatening pulmonary complication in patients with hematologic malignancies or autoimmune disorders. The current treatment options, which include corticosteroids, transfusions, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and immunosuppressants, have been limited and largely unsuccessful. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) has been successfully administered, either systemically or bronchoscopically, to adults for the treatment of DAH, but there are...

Original Articles
General Pediatrics
Reference values of lead in blood and related factors among Korean adolescents: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2013
Min-Gyu Choi, Mi-Jung Park, Shin-Hye Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):114-119.   Published online March 31, 2016
Purpose

This study aimed to assess the reference values and factors influencing blood lead levels among Korean adolescents.

Methods

The study population consisted of 1,585 adolescents (801 males, 784 females; aged 10-19 years) who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2013. We analyzed blood lead concentrations in relation to demographic/lifestyle characteristics for all participants. "Reference values" of blood lead...

Gastroenterology
Recent viral pathogen in acute gastroenteritis: a retrospective study at a tertiary hospital for 1 year
Hye Il Jin, Yoo Mi Lee, You Jin Choi, Su Jin Jeong
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):120-125.   Published online March 31, 2016
Purpose

Viral gastroenteritis among children is mainly caused by rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, or adenovirus strains. However, changing socioeconomic conditions and a rotavirus vaccination program may be affecting the prevalence of these viral infections. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the season-specific trends in viral infections for facilitating prophylaxis and surveillance in our region.

Methods

We evaluated 345 pediatric patients (203 males, 142 females; age,...

Diagnostic value of the Vesikari Scoring System for predicting the viral or bacterial pathogens in pediatric gastroenteritis
Dong Ho Shim, Dong Yeon Kim, Ky Young Cho
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):126-131.   Published online March 31, 2016
Purpose

To evaluate the diagnostic value of the Vesikari Scoring System (VSS) as an early predictor of pathogens in children with acute gastroenteritis (AG).

Methods

In this retrospective study, the VSS score, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were analyzed in 107 hospitalized children with AG, aged 6 months to 17 years. Patients were divided into nonspecific, viral, and bacterial...

Emergency Medicine
A nationwide study of children and adolescents with pneumonia who visited Emergency Department in South Korea in 2012
Chang Hyu Lee, Youn Kyoung Won, Eui-Jung Roh, Dong In Suh, Eun Hee Chung
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):132-138.   Published online March 31, 2016
Purpose

Acute respiratory infection, particularly pneumonia, is the most common cause of hospitalization and death among children in developing nations. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of children and adolescents with pneumonia who visited Emergency Department (ED) in South Korea in 2012.

Methods

We analyzed National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) records from 146 EDs in South Korea for all pediatric patients...

Nephrology (Genitourinary)
Usefulness of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in young children with febrile urinary tract infection
Song Yi Han, I Re Lee, Se Jin Park, Ji Hong Kim, Jae Il Shin
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):139-144.   Published online March 31, 2016
Purpose

Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a serious bacterial infection that can cause renal scarring in children. Early identification of APN is critical to improve treatment outcomes. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic marker of many diseases, but it has not yet been established in urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim of this study was to determine whether NLR is a...

Acute tubular necrosis as a part of vancomycin induced drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome with coincident postinfectious glomerulonephritis
Kyung Min Kim, Kyoung Sung, Hea Koung Yang, Seong Heon Kim, Hye Young Kim, Gil Ho Ban, Su Eun Park, Hyoung Doo Lee, Su Young Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):145-148.   Published online March 31, 2016

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by skin rash, fever, eosinophilia, and multiorgan involvement. Various drugs may be associated with this syndrome including carbamazepine, allopurinol, and sulfasalazine. Renal involvement in DRESS syndrome most commonly presents as acute kidney injury due to interstitial nephritis. An 11-year-old boy was referred to...

Case Report
Neurology
Complete occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Ben Kang, Dong Hyun Kim, Young Jin Hong, Byong Kwan Son, Myung Kwan Lim, Yon Ho Choe, Young Se Kwon
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):149-152.   Published online March 31, 2016

We report a case of a 5-year-old girl who developed left hemiparesis and left facial palsy, 6 days after the initiation of fever and respiratory symptoms due to pneumonia. Chest radiography, conducted upon admission, showed pneumonic infiltration and pleural effusion in the left lung field. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed acute ischemic infarction in the right middle cerebral artery territory....

Letter to the Editor
Neurology
Blood glucose level after febrile convulsion
Mohamed Amin Ghobadifar, Naser Honar, Parisa Jooya, Fatemeh Hassani
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(3):153-154.   Published online March 31, 2016
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