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Volume 60(9); Sep 2017
Review Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Update of minimally invasive surfactant therapy
Gyu-Hong Shim
Korean J Pediatr. 2017;60(9):273-281.   Published online September 21, 2017

To date, preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after birth have been managed with a combination of endotracheal intubation, surfactant instillation, and mechanical ventilation. It is now recognized that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in preterm infants is a reasonable alternative to elective intubation after birth. Recently, a meta-analysis of large controlled trials...

Original Articles
Developmental and Behavioral Medicine
Application of array comparative genomic hybridization in Korean children under 6 years old with global developmental delay
Kyung Yeon Lee, Eunsim Shin
Korean J Pediatr. 2017;60(9):282-289.   Published online September 21, 2017
Purpose

Recent advancements in molecular techniques have greatly contributed to the discovery of genetic causes of unexplained developmental delay. Here, we describe the results of array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and the clinical features of 27 patients with global developmental delay.

Methods

We included 27 children who fulfilled the following criteria: Korean children under 6 years with global developmental delay; children who had...

Allergy
Accuracy of maximal expiratory flow-volume curve curvilinearity and fractional exhaled nitric oxide for detection of children with atopic asthma
Sang Hoo Park, Min Ji Im, Sang-Yong Eom, Youn-Soo Hahn
Korean J Pediatr. 2017;60(9):290-295.   Published online September 21, 2017
Purpose

Airway pathology in children with atopic asthma can be reflected by the concave shape of the maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curve and high fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) values. We evaluated the capacity of the curvilinearity of the MEFV curve, FeNO, and their combination to distinguish subjects with atopic asthma from healthy individuals.

Methods

FeNO and angle β, which characterizes the general...

Pulmonology
Comparison of cytokine expression profiles in infants with a rhinovirus induced lower respiratory tract infection with or without wheezing: a comparison with respiratory syncytial virus
Da Eun Roh, Sook-Hyun Park, Hee Joung Choi, Yeo Hyang Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2017;60(9):296-301.   Published online September 21, 2017
Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether infants with rhinovirus (RV) infection-induced wheezing and those with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection-induced wheezing have different cytokine profiles in the acute stage.

Methods

Of the infants with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) between September 2011 and May 2012, 88 were confirmed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and hospitalized. Systemic interferon-gamma (IFN-γ),...

Neurology
Serum neuron specific enolase is increased in pediatric acute encephalitis syndrome
Dian Pratamastuti, Prastiya Indra Gunawan, Darto Saharso
Korean J Pediatr. 2017;60(9):302-306.   Published online September 21, 2017
Purpose

This study aimed to investigate whether serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was expressed in acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) that causes neuronal damage in children.

Methods

This prospective observational study was conducted in the pediatric neurology ward of Soetomo Hospital. Cases of AES with ages ranging from 1 month to 12 years were included. Cases that were categorized as simple and complex febrile seizures...

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