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The Effects of Echinacea Extract on the Gene Expression of Monocytes and Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells

Korean Journal of Pediatrics 2005;48(7):779-788.
Published online July 15, 2005.
The Effects of Echinacea Extract on the Gene Expression of Monocytes and Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
Jun Eun Park1, Kang Duk Choi1, Sung Hwan Kim2, Dae-Hyun Hahm3, Jong Jin Seo4
1Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
2The Graduate School of Bio & Information Technology, Hankyong National University, Ansung, Korea
3Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
4Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Echinacea 추출물이 단구와 단구유래 수지상세포의 유전자발현에 미치는 효과
박준은1, 김성환1, 최강덕2, 함대현3, 서종진4
1아주대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실
2한경대 생물정보통신 대학원
3경희대학교 동서의학대학원 의과학과
4울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 소아과
Correspondence: 
Jun Eun Park, Email: pedpje@ajou.ac.kr
Abstract
Purpose
: Echinacea, a traditional plant medicine has been used as immune-stimulant. Recent studies have revealed that extract of Echinacea has immunostimulatory effects on human blood mononuclear cells. This study was designed for the purpose of screening the genes associated with immunologic effects of Echinacea on monocytes and dendritic cells using a cDNA microarray chip.
Methods
: CD14+ monocyte cells were cultured for one day with Echinacea extract(final concentration : 50 g/mL) in experiment 1, but were cultured without Echinacea in experiment 2. The gene expression of these cultured monocytes was analyzed using the cDNA microarray chip. Dendritic cells produced from CD14+ monocyte were cultured for five days with GM-CSF and IL-4, and then cultured for one day with Echinacea in experiment 3, but were done without Echinacea in experiment 4.
Results
: In experiments 1 and 2, there were 17 significantly expressed genes with average expression ratios above 2.5, including interferon gamma-inducible protein 30(IFI 30), CDC(cell-division-cylcle)-like kinase 2(CLK 2), syndecan binding protein(syntenin), superoxide dismutase 2, etc. In experiments 3 and 4, there were 24 gene, with significantly expressed genes were 24 genes, which were insulin-like growth factor 2(somatomedin A), methyl-CpG binding domain protein 3, IFI 30, small inducible cytokine subfamily A, member 22, etc. The genes encoding CD44, IFI 30, mannose receptor C type 1(MRC 1), chemokine receptor 7(CCR 7), CLK 2, syntenin and cytochrome C oxidase subunit VIII were significantly expressed in both monocytes and dendritic cells cultured with Echinacea.
Conclusion
: This study employed a cDNA microarray chip to elicit the immune-associated gene profile; the expression was enhanced by Echinacea in CD14+ monocytes and dendritic cells. Thus we laid the basis for the quantitative and functional analysis of genes induced by Echinacea in monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
Key Words: Echinacea , Monocyte , Monocyte-derived dendritic cell , cDNA microarray chip


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