All issues > Volume 37(5); 1994

Original Article

J Korean Pediatr Soc. 1994;37(5):655-665. Published online May 15, 1994.

A Clinical Study on Childhood Leukemia

Joo J Huh¹, Jong Bum JB Shin¹, Soon Yong SY Lee¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Pusan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Pusan, Korea

Abstract

Clinical analysis of 170 patients with childhood leukemia was made, who were admitted to the department o Pediatrics, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University, College of Medicine during 10 years from 1981 to 1990. The results were as follows: 1) The annual number of the patients with childhood leukemia was in the range of 6~25 cases. And the annual rate of the number of childhood leukemia inpatients to the patients in the department of the Pediatrics was 0.37~1.60% with the average of 1.06%. 2) Of the 170 Patients, 72 cases(42.3%) were in the range of 0~5 years of age, which was the largest age group. In male, of the 97 patients, the largest age group was the age group of 0~5 years, which included 45 cases(46.4%), while in female, the largest was that of 6~10 years, which included 29 cases of 73 patients(39.8%). 3) Of the 170 patients, sex ratio was 1.33:1 with male dominance in all age groups except 1:1.6 with female dominance in the age group of 6`10 years. 4) Of the 170 patients, 113 cases were ALL(66.5%), 50 cases AML(29.4%), and 7 cases CML (4.1%). 5) In ALL, 51 cases of the 113 patients(45.1%), were in the age group of 0~5 years, 35 cases(31%) in the age group of 6~10 years, and 27 cases(23.9%) in the age group of 11~15 years. In AML, 19 cases of the 50 patients(38.0%) were in the age group of 0~5 years, 17 cases(34%) in the age group of 6~10 years, and 14 cases(28%) in the age group of 11~15 years. 6) In ALL, the sex ratio of male:female was 1.21:1, 1.50:1 in AML, and 2.5:1 in CML. 7) According to the FAB classification in ALL, of the 113 patients, 72 cases(63.7%) were in L1 type, 34 cases(30.0%) in L2 type, and only 3 cases in L3 type. In AML, of the 50 patients, 19 cases (38%) were in M2 type, 16 cases(32%) in M1 type, and 6 cases(12%) in M4 type, in order. 8) In CML, of the 7 patients, 4 cases were juvenile type, who were all under 10 years old, while 3 cases were adult type, who were all male above 11 years old. 9) Of the 170 patients, clinical symptoms on admission were pallor in 112 cases(65.9%), fever in 84 cases(49.4%), hemorrhage in 78 cases (45.9%), weakness in 40 cases(25.3%), bone pain in 32 cases(18.8%) in order. 10) Of the 170 patients, physical findings on admission were hepatomegaly in 113 cases(66.5%), lymphnode swelling in 84 cases(49.4%), splenomegaly in 78 cases(45.9%) in order. 11) Of the 170 patients, the hemoglobin level on admission were 4~7gm/dl in 95 cases(55.9%), 8~10gm/dl in 42 cases(24.7%), and 0~3gm/dl in 22 cases(12.9%) in order. 12) Of the 170 patients, the WBC count on admission were 10,000~50,000/mm3 in 58 cases(34.1%), below 5,000/mm3 in 49 cases(28.8%), and 5,000~100,000/mm3 in 24 cases (14.1%) in order. 13) Of the 170 patients, the platelet count on admission were below 50,000/mm3 in 93 cases(54.7%), above 100,000/mm3 in 48 cases(28.2%), 20,000~50,000/mm3 in 43 cases(25.3%), and 50,000~100,000/mm3 in 29 cases(17.1%) in order.

Keywords :Childhood leukemia, ALL, AML, CML