All issues > Volume 38(12); 1995

Original Article

J Korean Pediatr Soc. 1995;38(12):1610-1619. Published online December 15, 1995.

Cytogenetic Analysis of Chorionic Villi of 240 Spontaneous Abortions

S. J. SJ Kim¹, S. H. SH Lee², K. S. KS Cha², S. H. SH Park³

¹Department of Pediatrics, CHA General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
²Department of OB&GY, CHA General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
³Center of Genetics, CHA General Hospital, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Purpose
: Chromosomal abnormality is one of the major causes of spontaneous abortion, especially in abortion of first trismester. To detect the incidence and kinds of chromosomal abnormalities, we analyzed karyotypes of 240 cases of spontaneous abortus.
Methods
: We analyzed karyotypes of 240 cultured chorionic villi of products of conceptus from pregnant women with spontaneous abortions visiting CHA general hospital from January of 1991 to June of 1994.
Results
: 1) Karyotypes were determined in 215 cases(89.6%), among 240 spontaneous abortions, one hundred and twenty nine cases(57.3%) showed normal karyotypes, 86 cases(42.7%) showed abnormal karyotype, among 202 karyotyped first trimester abortus, 119 cases(58.9%) showed normal karyotypes and 83 cases(41.l%) were abnormal karyotypes. 2) Autosomal trisomy was most frequent abnormal karyotype with frequency of 60.5%, followed by triploidy, monosomy X, tetraploidy, with frequency of 11.6%, 8.1%, 5.8% respectively. 3) Among autosomal trisomies, trisomy 16 was leading abnormal karyotype found in 21 cases(24.4%), followed by trisomy 2, 13, 21, 22. 4) Among 83 abnormally karyptyped first trimester abortus, autosomal trisomies were 50 cases(22.2%), triploidies were 10 cases(4.5%), monosomy X, 7 cases, structural anoamlies, 7 cases. 5) Eight cases showed structural abnormalities, in all of these cases, we could find out parental carrier such as balanced translocation in unbalanced translocation abortuses, and same type abnormalities in inversion and isochromosome abortuses. 6) Maternal group with age older than 35 year showed high incidence of trisomy. Conclusion : Karyotyping of abortuses with culture of chronic villi from product of conceptus of spontaneous abortion is easily performed and the success rate is satisfactory. We could get lots of information about the causes of spontaeous abortion and counselling for following pregnancy from karyotyping. So we recommend karypotyping of all spontaneous abortus.

Keywords :Spontaneous abortion, Chrionic villi, Karyotype, Chromosomal abnormality