All issues > Volume 51(1); 2008

Original Article

Korean J Pediatr. 2008;51(1):62-66. Published online January 15, 2008.

Usefulness of video-EEG monitoring in paroxysmal nonepileptic events of children and adolescents

Jee Yeon JY Lee¹, Hee Sun HS Lee², Wook Sun WS Choi², So Hee SH Eun², Ki Hyung KH Lee², Baik Lin BL Eun², Joo Won JW Lee²

¹Department of Pediatrics, Kwangmyung-Sungae Hospital, Kwangmyung, Korea
²Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea

Correspondence Baik Lin BL Eun ,Email: bleun@korea.ac.kr

Abstract

Purpose
: This study was designed to clarify the mechanism of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome patients by using puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis model.
Methods
: Following administration of various concentrations of PAN and antioxidants we observed the changes of podocyte cytoskeletons in cultured rat glomerular epithelial cells (GEpC) by method of scanning electron microscope, reactive oxyten species (ROS) analysis, permeability assay, confocal microscope, and Western blot assay.
Results
: PAN not only induced the ultrastructural changes of GEpC, such as shortening and fusion of microvilli, but also separated the intercellular gaps and linear ZO-1. PAN induced oxidative stresses in time and dose dependent manners and increases of intercellular permeability in anti-oxidants inhibitable manners. High concentration of PAN induced not only actin polymerization and disorganization, but also the conglomerulation and internal dislocation of α-actinin protein. The intensities of fluorescences of ZO-1 protein were diminished and internalized by PAN in a dose-dependent manner, which were inhibited by anti anti-oxidants.
Conclusion
: PAN induced the changes of podocytes cytoskeleton and junctional barriers by way of increasing ROS in GEpC that resulted in increasing their permeability in a antioxidatn-inhibitable manner. Glomerular hyperpermeability induced by PAN mediateing through oxidative stresses is thought to take part in the mechanism of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome.

Keywords :Paroxysmal nonepileptic event, Video-EEG monitoring