All issues > Volume 52(10); 2009

Original Article

Korean J Pediatr. 2009;52(10):1147-1152. Published online October 15, 2009.

Microbiological spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in more than 24-month-old children with urinary tract infection: A6-year retrospective, single center experience

Jeong Hee JH Ko¹, Jee Hyung JH Lee¹, Eun Jung EJ Shim¹, Do jun Dj Cho¹, Ki Sik KS Min¹, Ki Yang KY Yoo¹, Dae Young DY Lee¹, Hee Jung HJ Kang²

¹Departments of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
²Departments of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea

Correspondence Dae Young DY Lee ,Email: mdleedh@hallym.or.kr

Abstract

Purpose
: To characterize the pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibilities in more than 24-month-old children with urinary tract infection (UTI) and to study the Escherichia coli antimicrobial susceptibility trend.
Methods
: We retrospectively reviewed the record of more than 24-month-old children with UTI between January 2003 and December 2008. Positive results for 1 bacterial species with a colony count of ≥105 CFU/mL was considered statistically significant. We analyzed uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibilities. To investigate E. coli antibiotic susceptibility trend, we compared 2 study periods (group A: 2003-2005 versus group B: 2006-2008) using the chi-square test for trend.
Results
: In all, 63 bacterial isolates were identified in children with febrile UTI. The most common pathogen was E. coli (77.8%). There was no difference in the resistance patterns of uropathogens during the 2 study periods (P>0.05). Antibiotic susceptibility of the E. coli isolates to aztreonam, cefotetan, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, amikacin, and imipenem was >90% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol, 49% and to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam, 20-25%. Over the 2 study period, the E. coli susceptibilities to most antibiotics did not change: the susceptibility to cefuroxime increased from 74.1% to 95.5% (P=0.046) and that to ciprofloxacin increased from 59.3% to 86.4% (P=0.039).
Conclusion
: Empirical treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and ampicillin/sulbactam alone appeared to be insufficient in childhood UTI because of the high resistance of E. coli and other gram-negative uropathogens. Antibiotics for empirical therapy should be selected based on the sensitivity and resistance pattern of uropathogens found in a particular region.

Keywords :Urinary tract infection, Children, Antibiotic resistance