^*Rotavirus and human papillomavirus vaccines are optional vaccines, which are not provided by the National Immunization Program.

^a)Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine: Administer monovalent HepB vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months of age; administer the third dose at least 8 weeks after the second dose and at least 16 weeks after the first dose, and no earlier than age 24 weeks. Administer the first dose according to the maternal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status as follows.

a. If maternal HBsAg is positive, administer HepB vaccine and 0.5 mL of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth at different sites.

b. If maternal HBsAg status is unknown, administer HepB vaccine within 12 hours of birth and determine maternal HBsAg status as soon as possible. If maternal HBsAg is positive, also administer HBIG as soon as possible, but no later than age 7 days.

c. If maternal HBsAg is negative, administer HepB vaccine within 24 hours of birth (acceptable before hospital discharge).

^b)Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine: Administer BCG vaccine to neonates at birth through age 4 weeks. Infants over 3 months old require a tuberculin skin test before BCG vaccination.

^c)Diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine: Administer a 5-dose series of DTaP vaccine at ages 2, 4, and 6 months as primary series, and at 15 through 18 months and 4 through 6 years as boosters.

^d)Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV): Administer a 4-dose series of IPV at ages 2, 4, 6 months as primary series, and at 4 through 6 years as a booster.

^e)Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine: Administer a 4-dose series of Hib vaccine at ages 2, 4, 6 months as primary series, and at 12 through 15 months as a booster.

^f)Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV): Administer a 4-dose series of PCV at ages 2, 4, 6 months as primary series, and at 12 through 15 months as a booster.

^g)Rotavirus (RV) vaccine: The first dose of any RV vaccines can be administered as early as at 6 weeks of age. The maximum age for the first dose in the series is 14 weeks 6 days; vaccination should not be initiated for infants aged 15 weeks 0 days or older. For Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA), administer a 2-dose series at 2 and 4 months of age. For RotaTeq (Merck & Co Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA), administer a 3-dose series at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. The minimum interval between any doses is 4 weeks, and the maximum age for the final dose in the series is 8 months 0 days

^h)Influenza vaccine: Administer the influenza vaccine annually to all children aged 6 through 59 months anytime during an influenza season, preferably before the increase of incidence. Additionally, administer influenza vaccine to caregivers and family members of children aged 0 through 59 months, children and adolescents 5 years and older who have any underlying medical conditions with a high risk of complication for influenza infection, the caregivers of high-risk children and adolescents, and all people who opt for the vaccine. Administer 2 doses (separated by at least 4 weeks) to children younger than 9 years who are receiving influenza vaccine for the first time. Administer 1 dose to children and adolescents aged 9 years and older. If inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) is used, administer 0.25 mL of IIV intramuscularly to children aged 6 through 35 months and 0.5 mL of IIV to those aged 3 years and older. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is approved for persons aged 2 years and older; if LAIV is used, administer 0.2 mL of LAIV intranasally.

ⁱ⁾Hepatitis A (HepA) vaccine: Initiate the 2-dose HepA vaccine series at 12 through 23 months, and separate the 2 doses by 6 to 18 months in accordance with the products.

^j)Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine: Administer a 2-dose series of MMR vaccine at ages 12 through 15 months and at 4 through 6 years. Administer 1 dose of monovalent measles (or MMR) vaccine to infants aged 6 through 11 months when a measles outbreak occurs in the community. These children should be revaccinated with 2 doses of MMR vaccine, and the first dose should be administered at age 12 through 15 months and the second dose at age 4 through 6 years. The second dose may be administered before age 4 years with an interval of 4 weeks or more from the first dose in special situations.

^k)Varicella vaccine: Administer a single dose of varicella vaccine to all children aged 12 through 15 months. The second dose of vaccine may be administered to children aged 12 months to 12 years who attend daycare centers, schools, or facilities where chicken pox is prevalent, provided at least 3 months have elapsed since the first dose.

^l)Japanese encephalitis vaccine (JEV): The first dose of any JE vaccine, which is a 5-dose series of inactivated JEV (IJEV) or a 2-dose series of live attenuated JEV (LAJEV), may be administered to children aged 12 through 23 months. If IJEV is used, administer the second dose 7 to 30 days after the first dose and the third dose, 12 months after the second dose. As booster doses, administer the fourth and the fifth doses at ages 6 and 12 years, respectively. If LAJEV is used, administer the second dose at least 12 months after the first dose.

^m)Tetanus and diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine: Administer 1 dose of Tdap to adolescents aged 11 through 12 years who are fully immunized with the DTaP vaccine. Administer tetanus and diphtheria toxoid (Td) as boosters every 10 years thereafter.

ⁿ⁾Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: Administer a 3-dose series of either HPV vaccines, Cervarix (GSK, HPV2) with 0-, 1-, and 6-month schedule or Gardasil (MSD, HPV4) with 0-, 2-, and 6-month schedule, to girls aged 11 through 12 years. Additionally, a 2-dose series of HPV vaccines with a 6-months interval is acceptable for girls aged 9 through 14 years for HPV2 or girls aged 9 through 13 years for HPV4.

PCV10, pneumococcal conjugate 10-valent vaccine; PCV13, pneumococcal conjugate 13-valent vaccine; NA, not applicable.

^*A vaccine series does not need to be restarted, regardless of the time that has elapsed between doses. For additional information regarding each vaccine, vaccination providers should refer to appropriate part of the Korean Pediatric Society Immunization Guideline or the insert paper for each vaccine.

^a)Hepatitis B vaccine: Unvaccinated children or adolescents should complete a 3-dose series. Minimum age at the third dose is 24 weeks.

^b)Diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine: The fifth dose of the DTaP vaccine is not necessary if the fourth dose was administered at age 4 years or older.

^c)Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV): In the first 6 months of life, minimum age and minimum intervals are only recommended if the person is at risk of imminent exposure to circulating poliovirus. The final dose in the series should be administered on or after the fourth birthday and at least 6 months after the previous dose. The fourth dose is not necessary if the third dose was administered at age 4 years or older and at least 6 months after the previous dose. If both the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and IPV were administered as part of a series, a total of 4 doses should be administered, regardless of the child's current age.

^d)Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine: For unvaccinated children aged 15 through 59 months, administer only 1 dose. Hib vaccine is not recommended for healthy children 5 years or older.

^e)Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV): For unvaccinated children aged 24 through 59 months, administer only 1 dose. PCV is not recommended for healthy children 5 years or older.

^f)Rotavirus (RV) vaccine: The first dose of any RV vaccines can be administered as early as at 6 weeks of age. According to the product, administer a 2-dose (Rotarix, GSK) or 3-dose series (RotaTeq, MSD). The minimum interval between any doses is 4 weeks, the maximum age for the first dose in the series is 14 weeks 6 days, and the maximum age for the final dose in series is 8 months 0 days.

^g)Hepatitis A vaccine: Children should receive a second dose 6 to 18 months after the first dose.

^h)Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine: Administer the second dose at age 4 through 6 years. However, the second dose may be administered at least 4 weeks after the first dose in special situations.

ⁱ⁾Varicella vaccine: For children aged less than 13 years without evidence of immunity for varicella zoster, administer only 1 dose. For adolescents aged 13 years or older without evidence of immunity for varicella zoster, administer 2 doses with a 4 to 8-week interval. The second dose of vaccine may be administered to children aged 12 months to 12 years who attend facilities where chicken pox is prevalent, provided at least 3 months have elapsed since the first dose.

^j)Japanese encephalitis vaccine (JEV): If the third dose of inactivated JEV was administered at age 4 through 9 years, the fourth dose may be administered as a final dose at age 12 years. If the third dose of inactivated JEV was administered at age 10 years or more, an additional dose is not necessary. If live attenuated JEV is used, administer the second dose at least 12 months after the first dose.

^k)Tetanus and diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap)/tetanus and diphtheria toxoid (Td) vaccine: Persons aged 7 years and older who are not fully immunized with DTaP vaccine should receive Tdap vaccine as 1 dose (preferably the first) in the catch-up series and if additional doses are needed, use the Td vaccine.

^l)Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: Administer the vaccine series to females at age 13 through 18 years if not previously vaccinated. Administer a 3-dose series of either HPV vaccines, Cervarix (GSK, HPV2) with 0-, 1-, and 6-month schedule or Gardasil (MSD, HPV4) with 0-, 2-, and 6-month schedule. In addition, a 2-dose series of HPV vaccines with a 6-month interval may be administered to females aged 9 through 14 years for HPV2 or aged 9 through 13 years for HPV4.