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Original Article

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue vaccine: a baseline study of community members and health providers in Indonesia

Abdul Wahab^1,2,3  , Ida Safitri Laksanawati^1,4  , Retna Siwi Padmawati^1,5  , Asal Wahyuni Erlin Mulyadi^1,6  , Wahyu Triadmajani¹  , Jarir At Thobari^1,7 

¹Center for Child Health-PRO, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
²Center for Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
³Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
⁴Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
⁵Department of Health Behavior, Environment, and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
⁶Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
⁷Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Correspondence Abdul Wahab ,Email: awahab@ugm.ac.id

Received: June 30, 2024; Revised: August 15, 2024   Accepted: September 15, 2024.

Abstract

Background
Despite recent behavioral interventions aimed at reducing the burden of dengue, persistent unfavorable related behaviors in the Indonesian community suggest that vaccination could be effective. However, before this is implemented nationally, public perception and acceptance of the vaccine should be assessed in addition to health providers’ points of view.
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of community members and health providers in Indonesia.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in six districts of three Indonesian provinces. Respondents included both community members and health providers living within the territory of the selected primary health care centers. Pretested questionnaires were used to gather information on the sociodemographic characteristics and KAPs regarding dengue vaccines. An independent t-test was performed to compare the mean KAP scores between community members and health providers, while a logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors in each domain.
Results
Only 18.5% of health providers possessed high knowledge of the dengue vaccine versus only 12.5% of community members. Approximately one-third of the health providers versus one-fourth of community members displayed a high to moderate score for attitudes about dengue vaccines. Dengue vaccination practices demonstrated a more favorable score for both health providers and community members at 59.1% and 41.1%, respectively. No individual sociodemographic characteristics were associated with KAPs; rather, only education was correlated with better dengue vaccination practices. We also found that good knowledge of dengue was the only factor associated with all domains.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the urgent need to deliver educational interventions to health providers and community members in Indonesia to improve their awareness of dengue vaccines.

Keywords :Dengue vaccine, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Indonesia