| Primary Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis in Children |
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Byoung Chul Kang2, Hye Won Park1, Il Soo Ha2, Hae Il Cheong2, Yong Choi2 |
1Department of Pediatrics, Seoul City Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea |
| 소아의 원발성 원위형 신세뇨관 산혈증 |
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강병철2, 박혜원1, 하일수2, 정해일2, 최용2 |
1서울시립 보라매병원 소아과
2서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실 |
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| Abstract |
Purpose
: This study was designed to examine the clinical characteristics and the effect of
treatment in children with primary distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA).
Methods
: Medical records of 4 children diagnosed as dRTA at Seoul National University
Children's Hospital were reviewed, and the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, diagnostic
criteria and effects of treatments were investigated.
Results
: All cases presented with growth retardation. Polyuria, polydipsia and secondary
enuresis from urinary concentrating defect were observed in three. All patients showed
hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap. All had hypercalciuria determined by
spot urine calcium/creatinine ratio over 0.2. Radiological studies revealed nephrocalcinosis in
three and rickets in the other one. With administration of alkali, three patients reached mean
height of their age. The other one with rickets failed to reach the mean height despite rapid
catch-up growth. Rapid catch-up growth occurred in the first two years of alkali therapy in all
patients. 8 cases previously reported in Korea were also discussed.
Conclusion
: dRTA should be included as an etiology of growth retardation in children and it
can be easily diagnosed by routine measurement of serum electrolytes concentrations and the
urine pH. Adequate alkali therapy will correct the growth retardation as well as the other
symptoms. The prognosis for final height can be determined at 2 years after initiation of
therapy. Patients with rickets will have poor prognosis for growth. Early recognition and
continuous administration of alkali are mandatory not only to prevent the impairment of renal
function associated with nephrocalcinosis but to achieve the normal growth. |
| Key Words:
Primary renal tubular acinosis, Urinary anion gap, Nephrocalcinosis, Rickets, Growth |
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