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Articles in E-pub version are posted online ahead of regular printed publication.
- Original Article
- Treatment targeting pediatric inflammatory bowel disease-associated anemia: experience from a single tertiary center
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Ana S.C. Fernandes, Sara Azevedo, Ana Rita Martins, Ana Isabel Lopes
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Question: Does treating iron deficiency (ID) using intravenous iron in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) feature long-term safety and efficacy?
Finding: Intravenous iron supplementation was safe and effective. However, the ID recurrence rate was higher than expected.
Meaning: Proactive screening and treatment of ID in pediatric IBD are essential. The Ganzoni formula likely underestimates the iron requirements of pediatric patients. Prospective trials are needed to optimize iron treatment dosing. |
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- Role of neutrophil elastase in predicting infection among children with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia
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Mahmoud A. El-Hawy, Doaa M. Elian, Mai El-Sayad Abd El-Hamid, Esraa T. Allam, Mariam S. Kandeel, Asmaa A. Mahmoud
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Background: Infection is a significant cause of death following chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN). Neutropenia and compromised neutrophil function are the primary reasons for the decreased defense against infections.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the significance of neutrophil elastase (NE) in predicting the outcomes of childhood hematological malignancies with FN.
Methods: The study included 64 patients with FN and 64 healthy children... |
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- Original Article
- Treatment and clinical outcomes of pediatric autoimmune hemolytic anemia: real-world single-center data from Korea
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Young Dai Kwon, Eun Sun Jung, Yeon Jung Lim
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Question: Can pediatric autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) be effectively managed using first-line steroids?
Finding: In this single-center study, pediatric patients with AIHA achieved normal hemoglobin levels within 16.5 days (range, 9.0–22.0 days) of first-line steroid treatment and maintained effective responses for 2 months.
Meaning: These outcomes highlight the efficacy of steroid treatment in pediatric versus adult AIHA and underscore the need for multicenter trials to establish standardized treatment guidelines. |
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- Clinical course of children with postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans with versus without comorbid bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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Lamia Medghoul, Julien Grosjean, Christophe Marguet, Hortense Petat
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Question: Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a chronic respiratory disease that typically develops in children after a severe respiratory infection. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is often comorbid in patients with PIBO.
Finding: Corticosteroid pulse therapy effectively manages PIBO with or without comorbid BPD, significantly reducing exacerbations and decreasing the daily requirement for inhaled corticosteroids.
Meaning: Therapeutic effects of corticosteroid pulses are rapid and sustained over time, in both groups. |
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- Review Article
- NLRP3 inflammasome: a key player in neonatal brain injury
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Cagla Kiser, Ilkcan Ercan, Defne Engur, Sermin Genc
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Among neonates, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is the most significant cause of mortality and hypoxia-ischemia is among the leading causes of brain damage. The microglia are primary mediators of neuroinflammation. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation is the first line of defense in the central nervous system. Numerous studies have shown that the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated and... |
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- Original Article
- Incidence of neural tube defects in tertiary care university hospital in Bangladesh
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Ismat Jahan, Arif Hossain, Shah Nizam Uddin Shaon, Sadeka Choudhury Moni, Mohammad Kamrul Hassan Shabuj, Sanjoy Kumer Dey, Mohammad Abdul Mannan, Mohammod Shahidullah
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Question: What is the burden of neural tube defects (NTDs) in a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit in Bangladesh?
Finding: The overall incidence of NTD was 6.4 (range, 4.59–11.2) per 1,000 live births, and the meningomyelocele complex was the most frequent location.
Meaning: The high incidence of NTD found in a leading tertiary care multidisciplinary referral hospital in Bangladesh may not reflect that of the wider population. |
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- Characterization of gut microbiota in very low birth weight infants with versus without bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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Anucha Thatrimontrichai, Manapat Praditaukrit, Gunlawadee Maneenil, Supaporn Dissaneevate, Kamonnut Singkhamanan, Komwit Surachat
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Background: Gut-lung crosstalk is a pathway involving interactions between the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and immune systems. The immune responses of the gut and lungs are intricately linked, and previous studies demonstrated that the gut microbiota can influence systemic immune responses in the respiratory system as well as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
Purpose: To analyze the composition of the gut microbiota in very low... |
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- Role of microRNA-498 and microRNA-410 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
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Eman Salah Eldeen Arafat, Hasnaa Hesham Abotaleb, Dina Abdel Razek Midan, Abdel Hamid Abdo Ismail, Zeinab Sabri Abouzouna
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Background: Neonatal asphyxia is the primary cause of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), a condition characterized by hypoxic and ischemic brain damage. A class of short noncoding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) have significant regulatory functions, can function as diagnostic and developmental indicators of diseases, and are involved in disease pathophysiology.
Purpose: To study the role of microRNA-410 and micro RNA-498 in neonatal... |
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