Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

Review Article

Other

Goun Choe, Su-Kyoung Park, Bong Jik Kim

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):369-376. Published online January 9, 2023

· Congenital hearing loss is common, with an approximate incidence of 1.5 per 1,000 newborns and affecting 1.2%–11% of preterm and 1.6%–13.7% of neonatal intensive care unit neonates.
· Etiologies vary, and up to 80% of cases are genetic.
· Newborn hearing screenings follow the 1-3-6 rule, and babies at high risk of hearing loss should be referred to otolaryngology for early detection and timely intervention.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.01011

Gastroenterology

Prevalence, risk factors, and treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in children

Yu Kyung Cho, Jin Lee, Chang Nyol Paik

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):377-383. Published online August 21, 2023

· Pediatric small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) manifestations range from nonspecific abdominal symptoms to malabsorption or malnutrition.
· SIBO is prevalent in children and adolescents with functional abdominal pain disorders.
· Predisposing factors include disturbed intestinal motility, altered anatomy, and/or abnormal body defense systems against intestinal bacteria.
· Breath tests are safe and noninvasive.
· Treatment principles include managing predisposing conditions, nutritional support, symptom control, and antibiotics.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.00969

Neonatology (Perinatology)

Treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Gyu Hong Shim

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):384-394. Published online December 28, 2022

· Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is among the most common causes of nongenetic sensorineural hearing loss.
· Congenital CMV is initially treated with intravenous ganciclovir for 2–6 weeks and switched to oral valganciclovir, or with oral valganciclovir for the entire 6-month period.
· Infants with congenital CMV require periodic monitoring of absolute neutrophil count, platelet count, and blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, liver function tests, audiological, ophthalmological, and developmental tests during antiviral medication.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.01032

Original Article

Gastroenterology

Relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperandrogenemia in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome

Ozlem Kara, Hanife Aysegul Arsoy, Murat Keskin

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):395-402. Published online June 14, 2023

Question: Is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adolescents?
Finding: The frequency of NAFLD did not increase in adolescents with PCOS. However, hyperandrogenemia was a risk factor for NAFLD.
Meaning: Adolescents with PCOS and hyperandrogenemia should be closely monitored for hepatic steatosis.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2023.00353

Critical Care Medicine

Timing of parenteral nutrition initiation in critically ill children: a randomized clinical trial

Nagwan Y. Saleh, Hesham M. Aboelghar, Nehad B. Abdelaty, Mohamed I. Garib, Asmaa A. Mahmoud

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):403-411. Published online June 14, 2023

Question: What is the ideal initiation timing of parenteral nutrition for critically ill children?
Finding: This randomized clinical trial of 140 children examined the effects of an early or late start of parenteral nutrition on mechanical ventilation need (primary outcome) and length of stay and mortality (secondary outcomes).
Meaning: Children who received early versus late parenteral nutrition had lower mechanical ventilation need and duration.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2023.00178

Correspondence

General Pediatrics

Letter to the editor: Age-, sex-, and height-based blood pressure reference charts, Yazd children 6-18 years, Iran

Amar Taksande

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):412-413. Published online October 27, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2020.02103

Cardiology

The authors reply: Age-, sex-, and height-based blood pressure reference charts, Yazd children 6–18 years, Iran

Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh, Nastran Ahmadi, Seyed Mahmood Sadr

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):414-414. Published online June 14, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2021.01312

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