Oncology

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Review Article
Oncology
Application of 3-dimensional printing implants for bone tumors
Jong Woong Park, Hyun Guy Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(10):476-482.   Published online December 23, 2021
∙ The application of 3-dimensional (3D) printing in orthopedic oncology is summarized into bone and tumor modeling, patient-specific instruments (PSIs), custom-made implants, and tissue engineering.
∙ The 3D-printed customized implant is the most central application, while modeling and PSI often play adjunct roles.
∙ Short-term surgical outcomes of custom-made 3D-printed implants are promising.
Original Article
Oncology
Treatment outcomes of high-dose chemotherapy plus stem cell rescue in high-risk neuroblastoma patients in Thailand
Kunanya Suwannaying, Piti Techavichit, Patcharee Komvilaisak, Napat Laoaroon, Nattee Narkbunnam, Kleebsabai Sanpakit, Kanhatai Chiengthong, Thirachit Chotsampancharoen, Lalita Sathitsamitphong, Chalongpon Santong, Panya Seksarn, Suradej Hongeng, Surapon Wiangnon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(9):453-458.   Published online May 24, 2022
Question: This study aimed to elucidate the outcomes of high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell rescue without immunotherapy.
Finding: The 5-year overall survival and event-free survival rates were 45.1% and 40.4%, respectively.
Meaning: High-dose chemotherapy plus stem cell rescue followed by cis-retinoic acid for 12 months is well tolerated and could improve survival in patients with HR-NB in limited resource settings.
Letter to the Editor
Oncology
Retrospective review of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection in children with acute leukemia from a tertiary care hospital in Northern India
Suhail Chhabra, Aditya Dabas, Richa Mittal, Neha Goel, Ritabrata Roy Chowdhary, Satyendra Batra, Amitabh Singh, Rani Gera
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(3):150-151.   Published online November 26, 2021
Editorial
Oncology
Infantile hemangioma: timely diagnosis and treatment
Meerim Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(11):573-574.   Published online July 22, 2021
While the majority of infantile hemangiomas (IHs) do not require therapy and regress spontaneously, about 10%–15% develop complications such as ulceration, obstruction, or disfigurement. Early intervention is recommended for infants with potentially problematic IHs. Oral propranolol 2–3 mg/kg/day is currently the treatment of choice.
Review Article
Oncology
Update on infantile hemangioma
Hye Lim Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(11):559-572.   Published online May 26, 2021
· Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common benign vascular tumors, occurring in 5%–10% of infants.
· IHs are characteristically not present at birth but are usually diagnosed at 1–4 weeks of age, rapidly proliferate until 5 months of age, and then spontaneously involute.
· High-risk IHs (10%) require early treatment from 1 month of age.
· Oral propranolol, a nonselective beta-blocker, is the first-line treatment for IHs.
Original Article
Hematology and Oncology
Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio at day 14 of first cisplatin-doxorubicin chemotherapy is associated with treatment outcome of pediatric patients with localized osteosarcoma
Jun Ah Lee, Hea Lin Oh, Dong Ho Kim, Jung Sub Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):62-67.   Published online October 1, 2018

Purpose: We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of lymphocyte counts and the lymphocytemonocyte ratio (LMR) in pediatric patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 27 pediatric patients with localized extremity osteosarcoma, treated at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital between May 2002 and March 2016. Leukocyte counts and LMR before treatment and on day 14 (LMR14) of...
Oncology
Excellent treatment outcomes in children younger than 18 months with stage 4 MYCN nonamplified neuroblastoma
Chiwoo Kim, Young Bae Choi, Ji Won Lee, Keon Hee Yoo, Ki Woong Sung, Hong Hoe Koo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(2):53-58.   Published online February 28, 2018
Purpose

Although the prognosis is generally good in patients with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma, no consensus has been reached on the ideal treatment regimen. This study analyzed treatment outcomes and toxicities in patients younger than 18 months with stage 4 MYCN nonamplified neuroblastoma.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 20 patients younger than 18 months newly diagnosed with stage 4 MYCN nonamplified neuroblastoma between January 2009 and...

Review Article
Oncology
Prognostic factors and treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Jae Wook Lee, Bin Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(5):129-137.   Published online May 31, 2017

The event-free survival (EFS) for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has shown remarkable improvement in the past several decades. In Korea also, a recent study showed 10-year EFS of 78.5%. Much of the improved outcome for pediatric ALL stems from the accurate identification of prognostic factors, the designation of risk group based on these factors, and treatment of appropriate duration...

Original Article
Oncology
Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder after pediatric solid organ transplantation: experiences of 20 years in a single center
Hyung Joo Jeong, Yo Han Ahn, Eujin Park, Youngrok Choi, Nam-Joon Yi, Jae Sung Ko, Sang Il Min, Jong Won Ha, Il-Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Hee Gyung Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(3):86-93.   Published online March 27, 2017
Purpose

To evaluate the clinical spectrum of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after solid organ transplantation (SOT) in children.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients with PTLD who underwent liver (LT) or kidney transplantation (KT) between January 1995 and December 2014 in Seoul National University Children's Hospital.

Results

Eighteen patients (3.9% of pediatric SOTs; LT:KT, 11:7; male to female, 9:9) were diagnosed...

Case Report
Oncology
Unusual malignant neoplasms of ovary in children: two cases report
Ali Ghribi, Aicha Bouden, Manef Gasmi, Mourad Hamzaoui
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(Suppl 1):S107-S111.   Published online November 30, 2016

Sex cord tumors with annular tubules are known to originate from the sex cord of embryonic gonads that synthesize Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, granulosa cells, and theca cells of the ovarian stroma, while ovarian small cell carcinoma of the hypercalcemic type is a type of neuroendocrine tumor. Both these tumors are uncommon, potentially malignant neoplasms in children. We report the...

Targeted busulfan and fludarabine-based conditioning for bone marrow transplantation in chronic granulomatous disease
Hee Young Ju, Hyoung Jin Kang, Che Ry Hong, Ji Won Lee, Hyery Kim, Sang Hoon Song, Kyung-Sang Yu, In-Jin Jang, June Dong Park, Kyung Duk Park, Hee Young Shin, Joong-Gon Kim, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(Suppl 1):S57-S59.   Published online November 30, 2016

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency disease caused by impaired phagocytic function. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a definitive cure for CGD; however, the use of HSCT is limited because of associated problems, including transplantation-related mortality and engraftment failure. We report a case of a patient with CGD who underwent successful HSCT following a targeted busulfan and...

Esthesioneuroblastoma in a boy with 47, XYY karyotype
Hee Cheol Jo, Seong Wook Lee, Hyun Joo Jung, Jun Eun Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(Suppl 1):S92-S95.   Published online November 30, 2016

Neuroblastomas are sometimes associated with abnormal constitutional karyotypes, but the XYY karyotype has been rarely described in neuroblastomas. Here, we report a case of an esthesioneuroblastoma in a boy with a 47, XYY karyotype. A 6-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of nasal obstruction and palpable cervical lymph node, which he first noticed several days previously. A polypoid...

Relapsed Wilms' tumor with multiple brain metastasis
Akın Akakın, Baran Yılmaz, Murat Şakir Ekşi, Özlem Yapıcıer, Türker Kılıç
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(Suppl 1):S96-S98.   Published online November 30, 2016

Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant renal tumor in childhood. The brain metastasis of a Wilms' tumor with anaplastic histopathology is rare. We present the case of an 8-year-old girl with Wilms' tumor, who presented with multiple brain metastases 5 years after her primary diagnosis. The brain masses were diagnosed after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure attack. The big solid...

Original Article
Oncology
Metformin displays in vitro and in vivo antitumor effect against osteosarcoma
Yunmi Ko, Aery Choi, Minyoung Lee, Jun Ah Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(9):374-380.   Published online September 21, 2016
Purpose

Patients with unresectable, relapsed, or refractory osteosarcoma need a novel therapeutic agent. Metformin is a biguanide derivative used in the treatment of type II diabetes, and is recently gaining attention in cancer research.

Methods

We evaluated the effect of metformin against human osteosarcoma. Four osteosarcoma cell lines (KHOS/NP, HOS, MG-63, U-2 OS) were treated with metformin and cell proliferation was evaluated using...

Case Report
Oncology
Early onset of colorectal cancer in a 13-year-old girl with Lynch syndrome
Do Hee Ahn, Jung Hee Rho, Hann Tchah, In-Sang Jeon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(1):40-42.   Published online January 22, 2016

Lynch syndrome is the most common inherited colon cancer syndrome. Patients with Lynch syndrome develop a range of cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC) and carry a mutation on one of the mismatched repair (MMR) genes. Although CRC usually occurs after the fourth decade in patients with Lynch syndrome harboring a heterozygous MMR gene mutation, it can occur in children with...

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