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Review Article
Protocolized sedation may reduce ventilation and sedation requirements in the pediatric intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ambrus Szemere, Alíz Fazekas, Anna Réka Sebestyén, Rani Ezzeddine, Veronika Upor, Marie Anne Engh, Péter Hegyi, Zsolt Molnár, Klára Horváth
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of protocolized sedation in mechanically ventilated pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients. A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to October 18, 2023. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies that compared protocol-directed sedation management with conventional sedation regimens in pediatric patients who...
The Korea Infant Physical Growth Examination Survey (KIPGroS): a study protocol
Jong Woo Hahn, MinSoo Shin, Jin Gyu Lim, Yoon-Joo Kim, Ki Soo Kang, Narae Lee, Seong Hee Jeong, Mun Hui Jeong, Yeoun Joo Lee, Eui Kyung Choi, Jung Ok Shim, Jee Yoon Park, Chan-Wook Park, Joo Young Kim, Su Jin Jeong, Young Hwa Jung, Jae Hyun Kim, Chang Won Choi, Ju Whi Kim, Seung Han Shin, Yun Jeong Lee, Young Ah Lee, Choong-Ho Shin, Seung-sik Hwang, Young Eun Kim
Growth charts are important tools used to evaluate the growth status of children and estimate the nutritional and health status of the general population. In Korea, the national standardized growth charts were updated in 2017. However, the growth charts developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) are being adopted for children under 3 years of age despite a lack of...
Perspective
Telemedicine in pediatrics: things to consider
Sandhya J Kadam, Archana Reddy Bongurala
Review Article
Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin levels can predict allergic disease development and atopic march in children
Zak Callaway, Chang-Keun Kim
In some children, atopic manifestations begin with atopic dermatitis and progress to allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis; of them, a small subset experience food allergies as well. This progression shares genetic and environmental predisposing factors and immunological features, such as allergen-specific T helper type 2 responses, that manifest as specific immunoglobulin E production and eosinophil activation. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), which...
Original Article
Differential effects of dietary and physical activity interventions on adiposity of children with obesity
Anekchoke Tangtongsoong, Chonnikant Visuthranukul, Yuda Chongpison, Sirinuch Chomtho
Background: Managing obesity in children remains challenging. In addition to body mass index (BMI), incorporating body composition into evaluations of post-obesity interventions would help assess changes in adiposity.
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship between dietary intake, physical activity, and changes in BMI z-scores and adiposity among children with obesity. Methods: Children aged 7–15 years with obesity received monthly dietary...
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents of children with systemic lupus erythematosus
Karnchanit Sausukpaiboon, Nuanpan Penboon, Pornpimol Rianthavorn
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination remains an essential strategy for reducing disease burden. Specific guidelines for vaccinating children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are currently unavailable, highlighting the gap in tailored recommendations for this population.
Purpose: This study aimed to estimate parental intention to vaccinate children with SLE against COVID-19 and identify factors associated with this intention. It also explored...
Impact of Xmn1 polymorphism on hydroxyurea therapy in children with HbE-βnon-transfusion dependent thalassemia: a cohort study
Saheli Roy, Paramita Bhattacharya, Atanu Kumar Dutta, Mrinal Kanti Das
Background: Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) inducers, among which hydroxyurea is the most extensively used, have shifted the paradigm toward the treatment of non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT). Xmn1 polymorphism (rs7482144) is characterized by substitution (C>T) at -158 position of the γ-globin gene, which leads to CC, CT, or TT genotype. Recently, the role of the Xmn1 polymorphism as a modifier of hydroxyurea therapy...
Review Article
Anxiety disorders presenting as gastrointestinal symptoms in children – a scoping review
Anjali Kumar, Pramodh Vallabhaneni
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and their association with anxiety disorders in children significantly impact a child’s functioning and treatment response. This study aimed to scope the evidence of anxiety disorders manifesting as FGID in children up to 16 years old. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted on Embase (1974-2024), Medline (via EBSCOHost 1946-2024), and APA PsycINFO (via EBSCOHost 1967-2024). Articles...
Original Article
Prognostic role of midregional proadrenomedullin in predicting infection in pediatric cancer with febrile neutropenia
Seham Ragab, Sara El-Deeb, Ahmed Saeed, Asmaa Mahmoud
Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) remains an important complication of cytotoxic chemotherapy for which an urgent and appropriate evaluation is imperative.
Purpose: To assess the diagnostic and prognostic roles of mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-ProADM) levels in predicting infection in patients with FN. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study included 137 patients with chemotherapy-induced FN. Complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, and MR-ProADM were...
Editorial
Screen time and neurodevelopment in preschoolers: addressing a growing concern in pediatric practice
Soongang Park, Hyewon Woo
Original Article
The role of serum zinc and selenium levels in etiology of febrile seizures
Yavuz Ataş, Hatice Gamze Poyrazoğlu
Background: Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common form of childhood seizures. Determining the role of trace elements in the pathophysiology of FSs will contribute to the management of FSs by pediatricians.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc and selenium on the nervous system and how they may influence the risk of FSs. Methods: In this case-control...
Review Article
Peripheral nerve sheath tumors in the head and neck in patients with APC gene deletion mutations: a case report and scoping review of the literature
Koral Blunt, Monirah Albathi, Miriam Conces, Tendy Chiang
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) is a tumor suppressor gene expressed throughout the body. APC mutations increase the risk of malignancy and are often characterized by syndromes that encompass a spectrum of neoplastic manifestations, such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). We present a rare case of palatal peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the context of APC gene mutation. A 17-year-old male...
Original Article
Serum bactericidal activity against meningococcus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Soyoung Lee, Kyung-Hyo Kim, Ji Hyen Lee, Han Wool Kim
Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are susceptible to infectious diseases owing to various immunosuppressive treatments and disease characteristics. Meningococcal infections progress rapidly with a high incidence of severe complications and mortality; therefore, meningococcal vaccination is needed. However, there is limited evidence regarding the immunity and immunogenicity of patients with SLE.
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the serum...
Differential roles of IL-6 and adrenomedullin in early diagnosis and mortality predictions in late-onset neonatal sepsis
Emilly Henrique dos Santos, Gabriel Acca Barreira, Mariana Okay Saippa, Maria Carolina Pires Cruz, Karen Alessandra Rodrigues, Ronaldo Arkader, Thelma Suely Okay
Background: Diagnosing and predicting neonatal sepsis is challenging because of its nonspecific symptoms, lack of diagnostic criteria consensus, and absence of early, sensitive, and specific diagnostic laboratory tests.
Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of adrenomedullin (ADM), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS). Methods: We studied 53 neonates with culture-proven LOS by sampling...
Review Article
Recent advances in understanding pathophysiology of nonnutritional stunting in very preterm infants
Eduardo Cuestas, Alina Rizzotti
Very preterm infants (VPIs) often experience extrauterine growth failure. Therefore, aggressive nutritional management of VPIs is recommended with the goal of achieving the postnatal growth of an equivalent fetus. However, VPIs frequently present postnatal length growth restriction at term-corrected age that remains lower than the standard weight and have greater fat mass and lower lean and bone mass than term-born...
Original Article
Enteric pathogens implicated in acute infectious diarrhea among young children in resource-limited region with rapidly growing population: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Aseel Al-Mashahedah, Randa Dhahi
Background: Acute infectious diarrhea is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries and among children younger than 5 years of age.
Purpose: To determine the causative microorganisms in diarrhea and elucidate their epidemiological trajectory among children younger than 5 years of age to establish successful preventive measures. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Musayyib...
Review Article
Lifelong impact of elevated blood pressure from childhood to adulthood
Junhyun Kwon, Eunji Kim
Running Title: Elevated blood pressure in childhood Junhyun Kwon, PhD1; Eunji Kim, MD, PhD1,2 1Department of Preventive medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; 2Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea Corresponding Author: Eunji Kim, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13 Dokjeom-ro 3-beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565,...
Original Article
C3 glomerulopathy in children: experience at a resource-limited center
Soumya Reddy, Abhishek Ghante, Mahesha Vankalakunti, Anil Vasudevan
Background: In children, C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by diverse clinicopathological profiles and kidney outcomes. However, diagnostic work-up in resource-limited settings is challenging because of the unavailability of complement assays and limited access to electron microscopy or genetic testing.
Purpose: This study aimed to describe the clinicopathological features and response to immunosuppression and evaluate renal outcomes among...
Review Article
Cerebral organoid research for pediatric patients with neurological disorders
Jin Eun, Jung-Eun Lee, Seung-Ho Yang
Cerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells offer a groundbreaking foundation for the analysis of pediatric neurological diseases. Unlike organoids from other somatic systems, cerebral organoids present unique challenges, such as the high sensitivity of neuronal cells to environmental conditions and the complexity of replicating brain-specific architectures. Cerebral organoids replicate the human brain development and pathology, enabling research...
Editorial
Advancements and challenges in neonatal resuscitation: embracing laryngeal mask airways for improved outcomes
Jang Hoon Lee
Further research on impact of microplastics on children's health is essential to protecting future generations
Jongin Lee, Dong-Wook Lee
Global breastfeeding efforts: a long way to go
Hye-Jung Shin
Original Article
Occurrence of stroke in children and young adults in Indonesia: a multicenter private hospital study
Jeanne Leman, Veli Sungono, Yosua Timotius Haryono, Muhammad Adam Mudzakir, Dewi Lestari Rahmawati, Callistus Bruce Henfry Sulay, Gilbert Sterling Octavius
Background: Most studies that estimate the occurrence of childhood stroke use heterogeneous methods and rely on International Classification of Diseases codes, a strategy that may be unreliable.
Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of childhood stroke in Indonesia using imaging and clinical data from a private hospital network. Methods: This cross-sectional study used consecutive retrospective multi-center data samples...
Impact of obesity on pulmonary function of preschool children: an impulse oscillometry study
Anuvat Klubdaeng, Kanokporn Udomittipong, Apinya Palamit, Pawinee Charoensittisup, Khunphon Mahoran
Background: The increasing global prevalence of obesity poses significant public health problems, as obesity exerts adverse effects on many systems and lung function. However, research on the lung function of preschool children with obesity is limited and inconclusive. In addition, studies specific to obesity indices that influence lung function in young children with obesity are limited.
Purpose: This study aimed...
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