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The author reviewed the clinical findings of the 53 children diagnosed as aplastic anemia
at the pediatric department of St. Benedict Hospital and W.M. Baptist Hospital, Busan,
during a period of 12 years from January 1971 to December 1982.
The results were summarized as follows:
1) Among the 53 children with aplastic anemia, the ratio between male and female was1.4 : 1.
The male was more frequent than female. This male dominant trend reaches peak at 3.0 ： 1 in the age group under 5 years old. The incidence was 35.9% among the age group from 5 to 10 years old, 34. 0% from 10 to 15 years old, and 30.1% below 5 years old. There was no significant differences on all age groups.
2) There were 3 cases of congenital origin, 7cases of secondary origin and 43 cases were unknown etiology. Among the 7 cases of secondary origin, 3 cases were due to chloramphenicol and 3 cases of hepatitis, and 1 case benzene. 3) The chief complaints on admission were as in orders: Pallor in 37 cases(69.8%), nasal
bleeding and petechia each 20 cases respectively, fever in 13 cases(24.5%) et al.
The physical examination on admission was cardiac murmur in 42 cases(79.2%), hepatomegaly in 15 cases
(28.3%)，lymphnode enlargement in 4 cases(7.5%) and splenomegaly in 2 cases(3.8%) in order of frequency.
4) The majority of types of hemorrhage during the follow-up period was subcutaneous in 45 cases(84.9%) and nasal bleeding in 39 cases(79.6%).
5) The majority of duration of clinical manifestation on admission was less than 2 months in 41 cases(77.4%)
but there was over than 6 months in 4 cases(7.5%). 6) The peripheral blood findings showed pancytopenia in 47 cases(88.7%), anemia and thrombocytopenia in 5 cases(9.4%), and anemia and leukopenia in 1 case(l. 9%). Hemoglobin level was under 8.0 gm% in 51 cases(96.2%), leukocjrte under 5,000/mm3 in 49 cases
(92.5%), and platelet under 50,000/mm3 in 41 cases(77.4%). Bleeding time by Ivy method was prolonged over
5 min. in 79.2%. 7) The findings of bone marrow aspiration on admission were hypocellular in 49 cases
(92.5%), normocellular in 1 case(l. 9%), hypercellular in 1 case(l. 9%) and unknown in 2cases(3.8%).
8) The treatment of aplastic anemia consisted of blood transfusion, prednisolone and
testosterone. The 21 cases of follow-up evaluation revealed that death was in 8 cases(38.1%),
remission in 7 cases(33.1%) and stationary states in 6 cases(28.6%). The majority of causes of death among
8 cases by follow-up evaluation was infection in 4 cases(50.0%) and hemorrhage in 3 cases(37.5%). The duration from onset to death was under 6 months(87.5%).
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