| Impact of thyroid hormones and serum endothelin levels on pediatric asthma control: a case-control study of an Indian population |
Murugaiyan Sathishbabu1 
, Sathiya Ramasamy2
, Niranjjan Ramachandran3
, Soundararajan Palanisamy4
, Arulvijayavani Subramaniam1
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1Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal, Puducherry, India
2Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth-Deemed to be-University, Puducherry, India
3Department of Community Medicine, Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation Deemed to be University (VMRF-DU), Karaikal, Puducherry, India
4Department of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth-Deemed to be-University, Puducherry, India |
Correspondence:
Arulvijayavani Subramaniam, Email: arulvijayavani@gmail.com
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Received: 18 January 2025 • Revised: 18 June 2025 • Accepted: 18 June 2025 |
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| Abstract |
Background
Asthma severity is influenced by various immunomodulators; however, the specific roles of thyroid hormones and endothelin in childhood asthma in the South Indian population remain unexplored.
Purpose
This study investigated the impact of thyroid hormone and endothelin levels on asthma control among children in South India.
Methods
We divided 90 subjects aged 10–15 years into 3 groups as categorized by the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines: 30 healthy children, 30 patients with well-controlled asthma, and 30 patients with poorly controlled asthma. Fasting blood samples were collected to analyze endothelin levels and thyroid function. Pulmonary function tests were performed using a portable spirometer to assess forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio.
Results
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were significantly elevated in the well-controlled (4.66±1.91 mIU/L) and poorly controlled (6.51±4.04 mIU/L) asthma groups versus the control group (P<0.001). Similarly, endothelin levels showed a marked increase (4.65±0.38 pg/mL vs. 18.51±6.13 pg/mL), with the poorly controlled group exhibiting the highest levels (P<0.001). A strong negative correlation was observed between FEV1/FVC% and serum endothelin levels (r=-0.76) on a Pearson correlation analysis.
Conclusion
This study revealed a strong association between endothelin levels, the FEV1/FVC ratio, and TSH levels. These findings suggest that serum endothelin level could serve as a potential surrogate marker of asthma severity. |
| Key Words:
Childhood asthma, Endothelin, Thyroid, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, Lung function |
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