| Characterization of gut microbiota in very low birth weight infants with versus without bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
Anucha Thatrimontrichai1 
, Manapat Praditaukrit1
, Gunlawadee Maneenil1
, Supaporn Dissaneevate1
, Kamonnut Singkhamanan2
, Komwit Surachat2
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1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
2Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand |
Correspondence:
Anucha Thatrimontrichai, Email: tanucha@medicine.psu.ac.th
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Received: 17 November 2024 • Revised: 9 February 2025 • Accepted: 16 February 2025 |
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| Abstract |
Background
Gut–lung crosstalk is a pathway involving interactions between the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and immune systems. The immune responses of the gut and lungs are intricately linked, and previous studies demonstrated that the gut microbiota can influence systemic immune responses in the respiratory system as well as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
Purpose
To analyze the composition of the gut microbiota in very low birth weight infants with versus without BPD.
Methods
Secondary data from a previous randomized controlled trial were analyzed. Microbiomes were analyzed using QIIME 2 software. Gut microbiota diversity and abundance were compared between groups.
Results
Fifty-one neonates were classified into the BPD (n=24) and non-BPD (n=27) groups, between which no differences were noted in the alpha and beta diversities of the gut microbiota. In both groups, Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Klebsiella were the predominant phyla, class, and genus in gut microbiota, respectively. Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Elizabethkingia, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Bacteroides, Streptococcus, and Serratia were more abundant, whereas Klebsiella, Faecalibacterium, Escherichia-Shigella, Enterobacter, Bifidobacterium, Veillonella, Staphylococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae were less abundant in the BPD versus non-BPD group. Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Clostridium, Eubacterium, and Coprococcus were significantly more abundant in the non-BPD versus BPD group.
Conclusion
The alpha and beta diversities of the gut microbiota did not differ significantly between the BPD and non-BPD groups. However, in terms of relative abundance, the presence of common respiratory pathogens was notable in the BPD group. Conversely, the non-BPD group had a significantly higher prevalence of anaerobic taxa known for their capacity to produce butyrate, a key component of postbiotics.
Clinical Trial Registration: This trial was prospectively registered at Thai Clinical Trials (https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/export/pdf/TCTR20180306002; first posted registration: March 6, 2018).
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| Key Words:
Biodiversity, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Gastrointestinal microbiome, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Neonatal intensive care unit, Newborn, Premature infant, Synbiotics |
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