| The Pelvic Changes of Patients with Down Syndrome in Korea |
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Jong Park, Kwan Cheol Oh, Kyoung Sim Kim, Ki Bok Kim |
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Department of Pediatrics, Kwangju Christian Hospital, Kwangju, Korea |
| 한국인 Down증후군 환아에서 골반의 구조적 이상의 관찰 |
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박종, 오관철, 김경심, 김기복 |
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광주기독병원 소아과 |
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| Abstract |
Purpose
: Since Caffey et al. first described the anomaly in pelvis among the Down
patients, decreased iliac and pelvic indexes have been helpful in diagnosing the
syndrome. For Korean cases, however, no definitive data are available as yet, prompting us to evaluate the pelvic changes in Korean Down's patients.
Methods
: Subjected to this study were 68 children with Down's syndrome. As the
control group served 126 patients with other diseases that do not affect the pelvis.
The acetabular angle (AA) and the iliac angle (IA) were measured, and the iliac and
pelvic indexes wer calculated from the following equations: Iliac index (Ii)= X ＋ Y:
pelvic index(Pi)=0.3X ＋ 0.42Y(where X is the mean of both acetabular angles, and Y
is the mean of both iliac angles)
Results
: 1) The sex ratio of the patients was 1.5 to 1, male prepondering. Their ages ranged from 1 day to 13 years, with the mean of 9.5 months, the majority (55.9%)falling under 1 month. The karyotype most frequently found in them was 21-trisomy (97%), followed by translocation (3%).
2) The AA of the Down patients was 18.49±4.92 (M±SD), significantly lower than
that of the control group with 25.21±5.73; and the IA of the affected measured
43.53±5.97, also signficantly (p<0.001) lower than the control(52.68±7.93).
3) The Ii and Pi of the Down groups were calculated as 62.01±9.04 and 23.83±3.38;
both values were significantly lower than those ofthe control with 77.87±11.28 and
29.69±4.26,respectively.
4) The maximum likelihood estimate of Ii for Down syndrome was found to be 64,
and at that level, the specificity 87.30%, and the sensitivity 66.18%.
5) In the Neonatal and infantile period, all parameters of Down syndrome were very
significantly lower values when compared with those of the control of corresponding age In the childhood age, however, the AA of both groups did not significantly differ from each other, but the Down children had significantly lower values in the other parameters. The Ii decreased in relation to the increasing age in the control group, while no significant correlation was noted in the Down patients.
6) In the control group, a significant gender difference was found in the Ii, with
females having higher values. In the Down patients, however, both sex did not
significantly differ in the Ii.
Conclusion
: Decreased iliac and pelvic indexes manifested in Korean Down cases
were quantitively evaluated in this study and it was found that an iliac index below 64 strongly supports the diagnosis of Down syndrome. For the Down cases,the Ii did not signficantly correlate with age, nor did both sexes differ in the Ii,in contrast to the control group which showed anage-related decrease and higher female values. |
| Key Words:
Down syndrome, Iliacindex, Pelvic index |
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