| The Statistical Study of Patient with Acute Poisoning |
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Heung Pyo Kong, Kyoung Bae Park, Oh Kyung Lee, Kang Suh Park |
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Department of Pediatrics, Presbyterian Medical Center, Chungbuk, Korea |
| 소아 급성 약물 및 화학 물질 중독의 통계적 고찰 |
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공흥표, 박경배, 이오경, 박강서 |
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전주 예수병원 소아과 |
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| Abstract |
Purpose
: The incidence of infectious disease, which has been the cause of death in pediatric period,
was decreased. But, the opportunistic exposure to toxic substance shows a tendency to increase. We
performed this study in order to find out preventive measures and the latest inclination of acute
poisoning in childhood.
Methods
: From January 1985 to July 1996, 88 children with acute drug and chemical poisoning, who
diagnosed at Presbyterian Medical Center, were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
:
1) It occurred more frequently in male than female (1.7:1) and high incidence was noted in 0-4
year-old age group(75%).
2) Annual distribution of poisoning shows a tendency to increased.
3) There was no significant seasonal difference in frequency of poisoning.
4) The vast majority(85%) of poison exposure were accidental and therapeutic intent was present in
7.5% of cases and suicidal intent was 7.5% of cases.
5) We noticed an hourly predominance with most accidents occurring from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. and from
5 p.m. to 9 p.m., 35% respectively.
6) Categories with the largest numbers of total exposure, in descending order by exposure frequently,
include the following : drug(30.1%), insecticide(20.4), rodenticide (12.9%), glacial acetic acid(13.9%),
herbicide(4.3%), Carbon monoxide(3.2%), others(13%). So, food and household material are leading
cause of poisoning, except drug. Of drug, DDS was the most common and then psychotherapeutic
drugs were the next.
7) The chief complaints on admission were nausea and vomiting(32%), mental change (26%)
irritability(9%), peripheral cyanosis(8%), seizure(5%), and in case of 20%, the patient were found
incidentally without symptoms.
8) There were complications which were pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, esophageal stricture and
pneumothorax. And death occurred in 4 cases, due to insecticide(2 cases), herbicide and rodenticide, 1
case respectively.
Conclusions
: In previous report in Korea, causative substance of poisoning were drug, carbone
monoxide, insecticide, rodenticide in descending order. In our study, drug was the most common cause
of poisoning. But it’s proportion was decreased compared with previous report, and carbone monoxide
intoxication was markedly decreased. But, we noticed that the proportion of household material, such
as glacial acetic acid and other household chemical, was increased. So, we should be pay more
attention to poisoning and try to prevent them. |
| Key Words:
Drug poisoning |
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