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Original Article
Occurrence of stroke in children and young adults in Indonesia: a multicenter private hospital study
Jeanne Leman, Veli Sungono, Yosua Timotius Haryono, Muhammad Adam Mudzakir, Dewi Lestari Rahmawati, Callistus Bruce Henfry Sulay, Gilbert Sterling Octavius
Background: Most studies that estimate the occurrence of childhood stroke use heterogeneous methods and rely on International Classification of Diseases codes, a strategy that may be unreliable.
Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of childhood stroke in Indonesia using imaging and clinical data from a private hospital network. Methods: This cross-sectional study used consecutive retrospective multi-center data samples...
Review Article
Cardiology
Understanding the importance of cerebrovascular involvement in Kawasaki disease
Jung Sook Yeom, Jae Young Cho, Hyang-Ok Woo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(9):334-339.   Published online May 16, 2019
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis in infants and young children. However, its natural history has not been fully elucidated because the first case was reported in the late 1960s and patients who have recovered are just now entering middle age. Nevertheless, much evidence has raised concerns regarding the subclinical vascular changes that occur in post-KD patients. KD research...
Case Report
Mycoplasma pneumoniae associated stroke in a 3-year-old girl
Gun-Ha Kim, Won Hee Seo, Bo-Kyung Je, So-Hee Eun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(9):411-415.   Published online September 30, 2013

Infectious diseases precede a significant proportion of acute ischemic strokes in children. Here, we report a case of acute ischemic stroke in a 3-year-old girl with a Mycoplasma pneumonia-associated respiratory tract infection. She developed an acquired prothrombotic state of protein S deficiency and had increased fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product levels and increased titer of antinuclear antibodies. However, these conditions...

Two cases of central nervous system complications caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Shin Mi Kim, Ji Seung Heo, Eun Jung Shim, Dae Hyoung Lee, Do Jun Cho, Dug Ha Kim, Ki Sik Min, Ki Yang Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):533-537.   Published online May 15, 2008
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection causes a wide variety of clinical manifestations in children and young adults, the main one being pneumonia. M. pneumoniae is transmitted from person to person by infected respiratory droplets. Symptoms caused by M. pneumoniae infection can be divided into those involving the respiratory tract, and those caused by extrapulmonary disease. M. pneumoniae infections may cause...
Two Cases of Citrullinemia Presented with Strokes
Hyun-Mi Kim, Jae-Bok Kim, Jung-Ho Kim, Sang-Jin Ba, Chong-Hyun Yoon, Han-Wook Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(3):437-441.   Published online March 15, 1999
Urea cycle disorders are characterized by encephalopathy, respiratory alkalosis, and hyperammonemia. A urea cycle disorder should be considered a diagnostic possibility in any patient regardless of age with occult encephalopathy. The most common central nervous system pathology of urea cycle disorder is cerebral edema. The cerebral edema is caused by astrocyte swelling secondary to hyperammonemia and intracellular glutamine accumulation. Strokes...
Two Childhood Cases of Heat Stroke with Rhabdomyolysis and Multiorgan Failure
Yang-Suk Jung, Jae-Young Lim, Yun-Kyeong Cho, Gye-Woo Yi, Chan-Hoo Park, Hyang-Ok Woo, Hee-Shang Youn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(4):568-573.   Published online April 15, 1998
Heat stroke occurs when body thermal regulation is upset and unable to dissipate adequate amounts of heat with rise in body temperature. Thus heat stroke may result in rhabdomyolysis and multiorgan failure. We observed two childhood cases of heat stroke with rhabdomyolysis and multiorgan failure. One case was caused by accidentally being left in a car trunk for 3 hours on a sunny afternoon...
Original Article
Clinical Characteristics of Cerebrovascular Disease in Infants and Children and Its Outcomes
Young Jae Song, Tae Gyu Hwang, Soo Chun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(2):246-254.   Published online February 15, 1996
Purpose : The incidence and clinical features of cerebrovascular disease in childhood were not clearly clarified in domestic. This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical characteristics of cerebrovascular disease in infants and children, and its outcome, a retrospective study was performed to adequate management. Methods : We reviewed clinical records of the patients who had admitted to Inje University Pusan...
Assessment of Cardiac Output by Doppler Ultrasound Technique Alone.
Young Ho Ahn, Sung Min Choi, Nam Geun Heo, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(8):1074-1080.   Published online August 31, 1990
The normal range of ascending aortic blood velocity was determined in 23 healthy children including 8 newborn infants and compared with 12 anemic children, using a pulsed Doppler ultrasound technique from suprasternal long axis view. Integration of the area under the velocity-time curve for each heart beat gave stroke distance, which, when multiplied by heart rate, gave minute distance. Stroke distance and minute distance are...
Left Ventricular Function in Chronic Severe Anemia by Echocardiographic Study.
Jae Kon Ko, Chang Yee Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1985;28(9):880-887.   Published online September 30, 1985
It is well known that chronic anemia is associated with hemodynamic alterations like increased cardiac output and stroke volume and decreased peripheral vascular resistance. Left ventricular size and function were studied by echocardiography in 16 chronic anemia patients, mainly aplastic anemia, without evidence of cardiac decompensation. Left ventricular dimension, stroke volume, ejection fraction and fractional shortening were calculated. The LV...
Echocardiographic study of left ventricular function in infants and children.
Tai Sik Kim, Se Jin Chun, Chang Sung Son, Young Chang Tockgo, Pyung Hwa Choe
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1982;25(3):217-224.   Published online March 31, 1982
The Echocardiography is a useful non-invasive diagnostic tool for cardiac evaluation without known risk, and its application in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease in infants and children has become indispensable. Especially left ventricular echocardiogram appears to be a effective technique for determination of left ventricular dimensions and volume, other echocardiographic index of left ventricular function. There are...