Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

Original Article

Infection

Clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization of hospitalized children with influenza versus COVID-19

David Chun-Ern Ng, Chuin-Hen Liew, Kah Kee Tan, Joanne Pereira, Muhammad Ihsan Roslan, Xiang Lin Cheng, Hui Yi Lim, Farah Nuruliayana A. Nazri, Asuwani Maran, Wan Fei Wong, Yasothai Chandran, Syaniza Shaharudin, Pon Ling Lau, Naveen Nair Gangadaran, Marlindawati Mohd Ali

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(12):1007-1014. Published online October 2, 2025

Question: How do clinical presentations, healthcare resource utilization, and outcomes differ between children hospitalized with influenza versus coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
Finding: Patients with influenza were older, were more symptomatic, and required greater healthcare resources, including intravenous fluids, empirical antibiotics, respiratory support, and pediatric intensive care unit admission.
Meaning: Influenza involves greater severity and a higher healthcare burden than COVID-19, highlighting the need for preventive strategies such as vaccination and hospital resource planning during seasonal outbreaks.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2025.00759

Nutrition

Success rates of conservative treatment and optimal surgical timing for pediatric chylothorax

Pakwan Kaewchusen, Narumon Densupsoontorn, Supaluck Kanjanauthai, Puthita Saengpanit

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(11):871-878. Published online August 6, 2025

Web of Science 1

Question: What is the success rate of conservative treatment for pediatric chylothorax, and when should surgical intervention be employed?
Finding: Overall success rate of conservative treatment was 83.3%. Surgically related etiologies and lower peak pleural fluid drainage rates were significantly associated with successful conservative management of pediatric chylothorax.
Meaning: If chylous drainage persists at ≥10 mL/kg/day beyond 2 weeks of optimal conservative treatment, surgical intervention should be considered.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2025.00598

Neurology

Long-term neurological cognitive, behavioral, functional, and quality of life outcomes after fetal myelomeningocele closure: a systematic review

Andre Marolop Pangihutan Siahaan, Martin Susanto, Sarma Nursani Lumbanraja, Dwi Herawati Ritonga

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(1):38-45. Published online November 30, 2022

Web of Science 4 Crossref 4

· Fetal myelomeningocele closure significantly improved long-term neurological cognitive, behavioral, functional, and quality of life outcomes, most likely by reducing hydrocephalus rates.
· However, fetal myelomeningocele closure is associated with a significant risk of pregnancy complications, especially premature rupture of membranes and preterm delivery.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.01102

Review Article

Neonatology (Perinatology)

Practice for preterm patent ductus arteriosus; focusing on the hemodynamic significance and the impact on the neonatal outcomes

Jin A Lee

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(7):245-251. Published online April 8, 2019

Crossref 14

Hemodynamically significant preterm patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) affects mortality; comorbidities such as necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia; and adverse long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants, particularly in very low birth weight infants. However, recent studies have indicated that there is no consensus on the causal relationship between PDA and neonatal outcomes, the benefit of PDA treatment, the factors...

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.07213

Original Article

Hematology and Oncology

Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio at day 14 of first cisplatin-doxorubicin chemotherapy is associated with treatment outcome of pediatric patients with localized osteosarcoma

Jun Ah Lee, Hea Lin Oh, Dong Ho Kim, Jung Sub Lim

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):62-67. Published online October 1, 2018

Crossref 2

Purpose: We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of lymphocyte counts and the lymphocytemonocyte ratio (LMR) in pediatric patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 27 pediatric patients with localized extremity osteosarcoma, treated at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital between May 2002 and March 2016. Leukocyte counts and LMR before treatment and on day 14 (LMR14) of...

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.06618

Review Article

Efficacy and safety of growth hormone treatment for children born small for gestational age

Il Tae Hwang

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(9):379-383. Published online September 30, 2014

Crossref 21

Recombinant growth hormone (GH) is an effective treatment for short children who are born small for gestational age (SGA). Short children born SGA who fail to demonstrate catch-up growth by 2-4 years of age are candidates for GH treatment initiated to achieve catch-up growth to a normal height in early childhood, maintain a normal height gain throughout childhood, and achieve...

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2014.57.9.379

Original Article

Continuous renal replacement therapy in neonates weighing less than 3 kg

Young Bae Sohn, Kyung Hoon Paik, Hee Yeon Cho, Su Jin Kim, Sung Won Park, Eun Sun Kim, Yun Sil Chang, Won-Soon Park, Yoon-Ho Choi, Dong-Kyu Jin

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(8):286-292. Published online August 23, 2012

Crossref 32

Purpose

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is becoming the treatment of choice for supporting critically ill pediatric patients. However, a few studies present have reported CRRT use and outcome in neonates weighing less than 3 kg. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical application, outcome, and complications of CRRT in small neonates.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed in 8...

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2012.55.8.286

The clinical manifestations, the short- and long-term outcomes of Bartter syndrome

Hye Won Park, Joo Hoon Lee, Young Seo Park

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(12):1231-1240. Published online December 15, 2007

Purpose : Bartter syndrome is a renal tubular defect in electrolyte transport characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and other clinical signs and symptoms. The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical manifestations and the short- and long-term outcomes of Bartter syndrome. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed clinical history, laboratory finding of blood and urine, renal ultrasonography, and hearing...

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Statistical Analysis of 1,000 Cases of Kawasaki Disease Patients Diagnosed at a Single Institute

Dae Hwan Hwang, Kyoung Mi Sin, Kyong Min Choi, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Dong Soo Kim

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(4):416-424. Published online April 15, 2005

Purpose : To find the risk factors associated with coronory artery lesions, non-responsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) treatment, and recurrences in Kawasaki disease patients. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 1,000 Kawasaki disease patients who were admitted to Yonsei University Medical Center from September 1990 to December 2003. We compared between responder and non-responder groups to IVIG treatment as well as between relapsed...

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