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Volume 59(6); Jun 2016
Review Article
Gastroenterology
Nutritional concerns in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Yong Joo Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(6):247-251.   Published online June 30, 2016

The pathophysiology and fundamental etiologic mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not well understood even though therapeutic regimens and drugs are rapidly evolutionary. IBD has complicated connections with genetic, immunologic, gut microbial, environmental, and nutritional factors. It is not clearly well known to the physicians how to feed, what nutrients are more helpful, and what food to be avoided....

Original Articles
Infection
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in pediatric patients: an analysis of 15 confirmed consecutive cases during 14 years
Kyung-Ran Kim, Jong Min Kim, Ji-Man Kang, Yae-Jean Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(6):252-255.   Published online June 30, 2016
Purpose

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia occurs in various immunocompromised patients. Despite the prophylaxis strategies in clinical practice, certain patients develop P. jirovecii pneumonia. This study was performed to investigate pediatric cases with P. jirovecii pneumonia in a single center.

Methods

We identified pediatric patients younger than 19 years with microbiologically confirmed P. jirovecii pneumonia from January 2000 to February 2014. A retrospective chart review...

Usefulness of interferon-γ release assay for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in young children
Ki Wook Yun, Young Kwang Kim, Hae Ryun Kim, Mi Kyung Lee, In Seok Lim
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(6):256-261.   Published online June 30, 2016
Purpose

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in young children may progress to severe active tuberculosis (TB) disease and serve as a reservoir for future transmission of TB disease. There are limited data on interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) performance in young children, which our research aims to address by investigating the usefulness of IGRA for the diagnosis of LTBI.

Methods

We performed a tuberculin skin...

Cardiology
The effect of sildenafil on right ventricular remodeling in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced right ventricular failure
Hyun Kyung Bae, Hyeryon Lee, Kwan Chang Kim, Young Mi Hong
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(6):262-270.   Published online June 30, 2016
Purpose

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) leads to right ventricular failure (RVF) as well as an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. Our purpose was to study the effect of sildenafil on right ventricular remodeling in a rat model of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced RVF.

Methods

The rats were distributed randomly into 3 groups. The control (C) group, the monocrotaline (M) group (MCT 60 mg/kg) and the...

Neurology
Clinical importance of F-waves as a prognostic factor in Guillain-Barré syndrome in children
Eung-Bin Lee, Yun Young Lee, Jae Min Lee, Su Min Son, Su-Kyeong Hwang, Soonhak Kwon, Sae Yoon Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(6):271-275.   Published online June 30, 2016
Purpose

A limited number of studies have examined the link between F-wave abnormalities and clinical presentation in pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Therefore, this study examined the importance of F-wave abnormalities as a prognostic factor in pediatric GBS patients.

Methods

The records and electrodiagnostic studies (EDS) of 70 GBS patients were retrospectively evaluated, and divided into 2 groups according to the results of EDS....

Case Reports
Genetics and Metabolism
A rare case of Sjogren-Larsson syndrome with recurrent pneumonia and asthma
Azita Tavasoli, Shirin Sayyahfar, Babak Behnam
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(6):276-279.   Published online June 30, 2016

Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a rare autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder with worldwide incidence of 0.4 per 100,000 people. It is characterized by the triad of congenital ichthyosis, spastic diplegia or quadriplegia, and mental retardation. Herein we report a 2-year-old male child with SLS, asthma, and recurrent pneumonia. SLS was confirmed by a molecular genetics study that revealed a deletion mutation...

Neurology
Two cases of familial cerebral cavernous malformation caused by mutations in the CCM1 gene
Im-Yong Yang, Mi-Sun Yum, Eun-Hee Kim, Hae-Won Choi, Han-Wook Yoo, Tae-Sung Ko
Korean J Pediatr. 2016;59(6):280-284.   Published online June 30, 2016

Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a vascular malformation characterized by abnormally enlarged capillary cavities without any intervening neural tissue. We report 2 cases of familial CCMs diagnosed with the CCM1 mutation by using a genetic assay. A 5-year-old boy presented with headache, vomiting, and seizure-like movements. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple CCM lesions in the cerebral hemispheres. Subsequent...

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