| Effect of pesticide exposure on stunting incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
Sani Rachman Soleman1 
, Yaltafit Abror Jeem2
, Muhammad Fathi Banna Al Faruqi2, Mahdea Kasyiva2, Vita Widyasari1
, Kuswati Kuswati3
, Nur Aini Djunet4
, Muflihah Rizkawati5
, Ety Sari Handayani3
|
1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
5Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia |
Correspondence:
Sani Rachman Soleman, Email: sani.rachman@uii.ac.id
|
|
Received: 7 November 2023 • Revised: 4 May 2024 • Accepted: 10 May 2024 |
|
|
| Abstract |
|
As an endocrine disruptor chemical, pesticide exposure may affect the regulation of growth hormones such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). A few current studies to date have noted that long-term pesticide exposure disrupted IGF-1, a potential risk of stunting in children. This study aims to evaluate studies to date of the effect of pesticide exposure on stunting incidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA (Pre-ferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. The PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched for relevant articles without publication restrictions. This review aimed to include reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCT), and cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies, which provide actual exposure types of pesticides with stunting measurement by height-age z score. A screening, extraction, and synthesis were conducted, leading to a consensus for reaching mutual agreement. The analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2017 for the screening and extraction, Revman version 5.4 software for the meta-analysis, and OpenMEE software for the meta-regression. Of the 13 studies subjected to the qualitative analysis, 6 were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis: 2 reviews, 2 RCTs, 2 cohorts, 2 case-control, and 5 cross-sectional studies. Exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides was not associated with stunting (P=0.78; odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65–1.88). Heterogeneity existed for 79% of the meta-analysis (P≤0.000; z=-5.37; 95% CI, -0.034 to -0.016), and the meta-regression identified age as the causative covariate. Pesticide exposure, regardless of type, is not associated with stunting in children. |
| Key Words:
Pesticide exposure, Organophosphate, Pyre-throid, Stunting, Child |
|
PDF Links
Download Citation
