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Original Article
Pulmonary Venous Flow Doppler Pattern in Infant Atrial Septal Defect Cases
Kyung Shin Rhee, Youngshin Park, Jeong Jin Yu, Chang Hwi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(1):44-48.   Published online January 15, 2004
Purpose : Doppler findings of pulmonary venous flow in large atrial septal defect(ASD) has been known to show a contiguous form rather than showing a form with two peaks in a cardiac cycle. The aim of this study was to find out the affecting variables in flow pattern change. Methods : The present study was conducted on 16 isolated secondum ASD...
Plasma L-Arginine Concentration, Oxygenation Index and Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Premature Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Kyong Ah Jeong, Soon Ju Lee, In Kyung Sung, Chung Sik Chun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(12):1207-1211.   Published online December 15, 2003
Purpose : This study was performed to observe the relationship of plasma L-arginine level and the severity of disease and pulmonary artery pressure in respiratory distress syndrome of premature infants. Methods : Peripheral blood samples were obtained at 1st, 3rd and 7th day from 21 premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome to analyze the L-arginine concentration. Oxygenation index (OI), an indicator...
Case Report
A Case of Carbohydrate Pneumonitis after Ingestion of Thinner
Eul Soon Kim, Joon Soo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(9):930-933.   Published online September 15, 2003
Hydrocarbon pneumonitis is an inflammatory change in the lungs caused by ingestion or inhalation of household products that contain hydrocarbons. We experienced a rare case of hydrocarbon pneumonitis with a pulmonary hemorrhage in a 3-year-old girl after ingestion of paint thinner which has a high mortality. She was admitted due to dyspnea, vomiting, hemoptysis, and needed to support mechanical ventilation....
Stenosis of Individual Pulmonary Veins
Mira Lee, Kil Soon Choi, Nam Su Kim, Myung Kul Yum, Yong Joo Kim, In Jun Sul
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(6):610-614.   Published online June 15, 2003
Pulmonary hypertension may be associated with variable conditions such as the hyperkinetic state or pulmonary vascular obstruction. In these, stenosis of the individual pulmonary veins without any cardiac or vascular malformation is very rare. We experienced stenosis of individual pulmonary veins in a 10 months old boy who was admitted with recurrent dyspnea and cyanosis and then underwent angiogram and...
Original Article
Echocardiographic Parameters of Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum(PA/IVS)
Young Seok Lee, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyum, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(5):484-489.   Published online May 15, 2003
Purpose : To understand morphologic and hemodynamic variations in patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum(PA/IVS), and to decide the best treatment modalities, we measured right ventricular volume, inflow, and outflow valvular annulus size in these patients and compared them with those of normal newborns. Methods : Eight patients with PA/IVS diagnosed by echocardiography from January to December 2001...
Case Report
A Case of Coil Embolization in a 15-year-old Child with Pulmonary Sequestration
Hyo Bin Kim, Ja Hyung Kim, Jong Seung Lee, Soo-Jong Hong, Gyou Bo Sung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(4):385-388.   Published online April 15, 2003
Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital mass of nonfunctional pulmonary tissue that lacks a normal-connection with the bronchial tree or the pulmonary arteries. It is clinically asymptomatic but when it is complicated with recurrent infection, it needs to be treated. Conventionally, surgical removal was recommended, but these days we are trying new and less invasive techniques, such as arterial embolization....
Original Article
Medico-Surgical Cooperative Treatment of Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum
Kyeong Sik Kim, Byeong Chul Kweon, Jong Kyun Lee, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Young Whan Park, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):250-258.   Published online March 15, 2003
Purpose : The actual clinical examples of co-appliance of catheter intervention with surgical procedures in the treatment of pulmonary atresia with an intact ventricular septum(PA/IVS) which we have experienced in our institution are here shown, and the anatomical and hemodynamical profiles between each method is compared. Methods : Medical records of 33 patients with PA/IVS who underwent various treatment from January,...
Hypoxia Induced Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rat Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells
Un Seok Nho, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(2):167-172.   Published online February 15, 2003
5% CO2-95% air atmosphere. The smooth muscle cells were confirmed by immunostaining with smooth muscle myosin and α-smooth muscle actin antibodies. The VEGF gene expression in the hypoxic group was compared with the one in control the group as well as the one in the starved group by RT-PCR and Northern blot hybridization. Results : There was no statistically significant difference...
Morphologic Changes of the Pulmonary Arteries after Stent Implantation on Branch Pulmonary Artery Stenosis - Impact of Pulmonary Insufficiency -
Me Jin Kim, Du Cheol Kang, Jae Young Choi, Jong Kyun Lee, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(1):67-75.   Published online January 15, 2003
Purpose : Intravascular stent implantation for the treatment of postoperative branch pulmonary artery(PA) stenosis has been used successfully. However, the cross sectional area of contralateral branch PA does not regress in spite of the successful dilation of the stenotic branch PA after stent implantation. We analyzed the morphologic and hemodynamic factors on the size of branch PA after successful...
Analysis of Etiology and Prognosis of Pulmonary Complications in Children with Hematological or Oncological Disorders in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Jin Young Jung, Soo-Jong Hong, Young Jun An, Ja Hyung Kim, Jong Jin Seo, Hyung Nam Moon, Thad Ghim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(8):1000-1006.   Published online August 15, 2002
Purpose : In the course of treatment, patients with hematological or oncological disorders often develop pulmonary complication. The patients who develop a severe pulmonary complication have a poor outlook. The causes of pulmonary complication are either infectious or non-infectious in origin. We have analyzed the etiology and outcome of these patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of Asan...
Case Report
A Case of Trisomy 22 with Pulmonary Hypoplasia in a Liveborn Infant
Myoung-Bum Choi, Ki Su Kang, Chan-Hoo Park, Hyang-Ok Woo, Jeong-Hee Lee, Jae-Ik Lee, Won Young Paik, Hee-Shang Youn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(6):804-808.   Published online June 15, 2002
We report a case of trisomy 22 in a liveborn male infant which was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH), macrocultures and GTG-banding, and RHA-banding procedures of peripheral white blood cells. The infant showed lung hypoplasia, which is a unique presentation, with other clinical manifestations of previously reported cases of trisomy 22, such as intrauterine growth retardation, cleft palate, micrognathia,...
Original Article
Peripheral Neutrophil Count and Respiratory Failure in Preterm Infant
Kum Joo Lee, Soo Young Yun, Ran Lee, Jae Ho Hean, Ghee Young Jung, Jin Hee Park, Young Sun Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(5):596-602.   Published online May 15, 2002
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of peripheral neutrophil count with the development of respiratory failure in preterm infants. Methods : A retrospective study was conducted from January 1993 to December 1999 on 44 preterm infants, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of St. Francisco hospital. Preterm infants(birth weight 500 to 1,350...
Effects of Obesity on Pulmonary Functions in Children
Seok Won Park, Hwang Min Kim, Jong Soo Kim, Jae Kuk Cha, Hae Ran Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(5):588-595.   Published online May 15, 2002
Purpose : The incidence of obesity has increased in Korea recently. Obesity leads to higher risks of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. It also leads to risks of respiratory complications. This study was performed to see the effects of obesity on children's pulmonary functions and on developed bronchospasm after exercise loading according to their obesity degrees. Methods : 257 obese...
Conversion of Total Atrio-pulmonary Connection to Total Cavo-pulmonary Connection - Review of Indications and Hemodynamic Characteristics -
Jung Ho Seo, Jong Kyun Lee, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Young Whan Park, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(2):199-207.   Published online February 15, 2002
Purpose : Since the successful application of total atrio-pulmonary connection(TAPC) to patients with various types of physiologic single ventricles in 1971, post-operative survival rates have reached more than 90%. However some patients have been shown to present with late complications such as right atrial thrombosis, atrial fibrillation and protein losing enteropathy eventually leading to re-operation to control the long-term complications....
Case Report
Pulmonary Valve Absence and Tetralogy of Fallot in CATCH 22
Hye-Young Ryu, Byoung-Lo Jin, Jin-Man Kim, Hong-Ryang Kil
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(1):137-140.   Published online January 15, 2002
Congenital absence of the pulmonary valve associated with Tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) is a relatively rare cardiac malformation. In the majority of cases, this lesion is associated with ventricular septal defect, obstructive pulmonary valve annulus, and massive dilatation of the pulmonary arteries. This combination of lesions is often called tetralolgy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve. Although survival beyond infancy is frequent, a number of...
Original Article
Classification and Risk Factors for Chronic Lung Disease(CLD) of Prematurity : Classical CLD Versus Atypical CLD
Chang Won Choi, Beyong Il Kim, Heui Seung Jo, Jun Dong Park, Chong Jae Kim, Bo Hyun Yoon, Jung-Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(11):1222-1232.   Published online November 15, 2001
Purpose : We tried to classify the different type of CLD and assess the risk factors for classical CLD and atypical CLD. Methods : Retrospective cohort analysis was done in 120 preterm infants with birth weights less than 1,500 g who were admitted to NICU in Seoul National University Children's Hospital between Jan. 1993 and Dec. 1998 and survived more...
Case Report
A Congenital Cutis Laxa Fatality Caused by Early Onset Pulmonary Emphysema
Tae Won Lee, Seung Jun Seong, Yoo Mi Jeung, Jae Bok Kim, Eun Ryoung Kim, Yong Su Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(10):1176-1181.   Published online October 15, 2001
Cutis laxa is a rare disorder of the elastic tissue characterized by loosely hanging and folded skin giving a premature senile appearance, often with internal organ involvement. Recently, we experienced a case of cutis laxa in a neonate. The patient who presented with dyspnea and loose skin at birth was delivered by Cesarean section in our hospital. He was the...
A Case of Transcatheter Coil Embolization of Diffuse Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation
Hye Kyung Lee, Gun Soo Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(9):1036-1040.   Published online September 15, 2001
This is a case report of multiple coil embolization for the diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations( PAVM). PAVMs are direct communications between pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins, resulting in an anatomic right-to-left shunt that may cause paradoxical embolization to may occur, resulting in neurologic complications such as stroke or cerebral abscess. The treatment of choice for solitary PAVMs was limited to surgical resection or ligation...
Original Article
The Measurement of Neonatal Pulmonary Artery Pressure by Echocardiography
Ju Young Chung, Dong Chul Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):886-892.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : The main purpose of this study was to conduct accurate noninvasive measurement of the pulmonary artery pressure(PAP) in the neonatal period. The other purpose was to find some descriminant factors that are correlated with pulmonary artery pressure even when there is no tricuspid regurgitation(TR) or patent ductus arteriosus(PDA). Methods : 32 cases of premature and full term infants with...
Case Report
A Case of Crossed Branch Pulmonary Arteries in Dandy-Walker Malformation
Seonyoung Kim, Dongchul Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(7):827-831.   Published online July 15, 2001
Crossed pulmonary arteries is an uncommon anomaly in which the ostium of the left pulmonary artery originates superiorly and to the right of the right pulmonary artery. The pulmonary arteries then cross each other and supply their respective lungs. The recognition of this rare anomaly is important because of its association with significant cardiac and extracardiac congenital abnormalities. These congenital...
Original Article
The Weaning Method of Inhaled Nitric Oxide
Hyun Woo Lee, Jae Woong Lee, Sung Yeul Hyun, Ha Chang Lee, Chul Hyun Park, Kook Yang Park, Hyeon Su Yoo, Kyung Cheon Lee, Young Jin Jang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(4):413-417.   Published online April 15, 2001
Purpose : Inhaled nitric oxide(iNO) is an excellent method for the postoperative pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart disease. But more detailed care is needed because of the development of rebound pulmonary hypertension after NO withdrawal. We performed this study in order to discontinue the iNO successfully by way of presenting the adequate weaning and supplying methods. Methods : Between January, 1998...
Diagnostic Assessment of Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect; Comparison of Echocardiogram with Cardiac Angiography
Jung Yun Choi, Jeong Jin Yu, Soo Jung Kang, Jae Seong Son, Young Mee Seo, Jin Young Song, Ho Sung Kim, Eun Jung Bae, Chung Il Noh, Yong Soo Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(2):154-160.   Published online February 15, 2001
Purpose : Patients with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defects(PAVSD) have been a formidable surgical challenge. The source of pulmonary blood flow and vascular architecture are important in managing the surgical process. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of echocardiography in this process. Methods : This study was prospectively designed to define the role of echocardiography in PAVSD. Non-invasive evaluations...
Follow up of Patients with Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in Right Atrial Isomerism
Soo Jin Kim, Jae Young Lee, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Jo, In Seung Park, Mee-Hye Oh, Eun Jung Bae, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1451-1457.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Total anomalous venous return(TAPVR) is associated in more than 60% of patients with right isomerism and can significantly complicate the management of single ventricle patients at any stage of management. We studied the results of management and sought to determine factors that may influence survival in patients with TAPVR in right atrial isomerism. Methods : Between February 1991 and...
Effects of Partial Liquid Ventilation on Gas Exchange, Hemodynamics, and Pulmonary Function in Newborn Piglet with Respiratory Distress
Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1430-1439.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : To evaluate gas exchange, hemodynamics and pulmonary function during partial liquid ventilation(PLV) using PFC(perfluorodecalin), compared with conventional gas ventilation in newborn piglets with saline lavage-induced respiratory distress. Methods : In a total of 16 instrumented and ventilated piglets, acute respiratory distress(below 70 mmHg of PaO2 at FiO2 1.0) was induced by repeated saline pulmonary lavage. The piglets were randomized...
Early Results of Stent Implantation in Branch Pulmonary Artery Stenosis after Tetralogy of Fallot Repair
Sung Kyu Lee, Sang Hun Lee, Jae Young Lee, Su Jin Kim, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Cho, In Seung Park, Eun Jung Bae, Sung Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1343-1349.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : Pulmonary artery stenosis is mainly complicated by aortopulmonary shunt or total correction of tetralogy of Fallot(TOF). Results of surgical angioplasty are poor and the success rate of balloon angioplasty is 53-72%. Endovascular stents have been applied to these lesions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the early results of stent implantation in postoperative pulmonary artery stenosis...
Effects of Ductal Closure on Flow Velocities of Peripheral Pulmonary Arteries in Normal Term Infants
Hae-Soon Kim, Se Jeong Sohn, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1318-1322.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate whether a relationship may exist between transient peripheral pulmonary stenosis and the closure of the ductus arteriosus in term infants. Methods : A total of 69 healthy full-term infants had pulmonary artery and ductal color Doppler flow velocity assessment performed at of 10 hours age(group I), 1-2 days of age(group II), and...
Case Report
A Case of Transcatheter Occlusion of Aortopulmonary Window(APW) after APW Banding
Young Seok Lee, In Seung Park, Jae Young Lee, Soo Jin Kim, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Cho, Eun Jung Bae, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1290-1293.   Published online September 15, 2000
Aortopulmonary window is an uncommon cardiac anomaly accounting for approximately 0.2-0.6% of all congenital cardiac anomalies in which there is a connection between the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk. Since the first report of successful surgical repair, many investigators have advocated surgical closure of all types of aortopulmonary windows using different technique. The majority of aortopulmonary windows require surgical therapy...
Original Article
A Study of Surface Physical Properties of New Surfactant Using Synthetic Peptides of Surfactant Protein-B
Chong-Woo Bae, Yong-Mook Choi, Joo Hyun Kang, Sang-Chul Lee, Kil Lyong Kim, Kyung-Soo Hahm
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1059-1067.   Published online August 15, 2000
Purpose : To produce a new generation of artificial pulmonary surfactant(PS), surfactant protein (SP)-B from human PSwas isolated, and the amino acid sequences of these proteins were studied. Artificial peptides of human SP-B were synthesized. New artificial PS preparations which were composed of phospholopids and two artificial synthetic SP-B peptides were made, and the surface physical properties of these new PS preparations were tested. Methods...
Changes of Endothelin-1 after Pulmonary Venous Stenosis in Dog Model
Young Mi Hong, Yong Soon Won, Seung Suk Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(6):769-778.   Published online June 15, 2000
Purpose : Endothelin-1(ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide. It has potent contractile and proliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells. Congenital heart diseases are often accompanied by pulmonary hypertension, and the severity of pulmonary hypertension is important in the prognosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate changes of ET-1 after pulmonary venous stenosis in a dog model, and...
Characteristics of Childhood Asthma According to the Onset of Wheezing
Yoon Jeong Kim, Bong Seong Kim, Soo-Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(5):686-693.   Published online May 15, 2000
Purpose : To understand the characteristics of early childhood asthma, we evaluated and compared the characteristics between early persistent wheezers and late wheezers. Methods : From January, 1998 to December, 1998, 106 children aged six to seven years were divided into three groups according to the onset of wheezing : Early persistent wheezers(n=36) who had wheezing both before three years of...