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Purpose : To investigate the nature of deviant voice physiology in preoperative children with congenital heart disease.
Methods : Ninety-four children with congenital heart disease were enrolled. Their cries and related acoustic variables (fundamental frequency, duration, noise to harmonic ratio, jitter￠￢ and shimmer) were analyzed using a multi-dimensional voice program.
Results : The average fundamental frequency showed a significant decrease in patent... |
