Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

Review Article

Neonatology (Perinatology)

Recent advances in understanding pathophysiology of non-nutritional stunting in very preterm infants

Eduardo Cuestas, Alina Rizzotti

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(4):287-297. Published online December 23, 2024

· Previous reviews of extrauterine growth restriction focused mainly on weight growth restriction caused by nutritional factors or pathological conditions.
· This review summarizes recent developments in the pathophysiology of nonnutritional length growth restriction in very preterm infants with focus on the impact of sustained neonatal inflammation on their short- and long-term outcomes.
· Further research is needed to investigate optimal strategies to improve length growth restriction in very preterm infants.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2024.01354

Nutrition

Changes in health status of North Korean children and emerging health challenges of North Korean refugee children

Seong-Woo Choi

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(11):552-558. Published online May 17, 2021

· Among North Korean refugee (NKR) children under 5 years, 61% and 9.3% were underweight in 1998 and 2017, respectively.
· The immunization rate of NKR children exceeded 90% since 2006.
· For NKR children, protein-energy malnutrition was the #1 cause of death in 2009 versus #17 in 2019.
· In 2020, stunting affected 5.4% and 0.9% and obesity affected 10.7% and 2.7% of NKR versus South Korean children, respectively.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2021.00192

Original Article

General Pediatrics

Effect of maternal and child factors on stunting: partial least squares structural equation modeling

Agus Santosa, Essa Novanda Arif, Dinal Abdul Ghoni

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(2):90-97. Published online May 4, 2021

Web of Science 14 Crossref 22

Question: What effects do maternal and child factors have on stunting? Are there significant indicators of stunting?
Finding: Child and maternal factors had 49.8% and 30.3% effects on stunting, respectively. The primary child factor was infant formula dose, while the primary maternal factor was nutritional status.
Meaning: More attention to nutritional status during pregnancy and ensuring the appropriate dose of infant formula at ages 6–24 months can prevent stunting.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2021.00094

Growth responses to growth hormone therapy in children with attenuated growth who showed normal growth hormone response to stimulation tests

Jae Hyun Kim, Hey Rim Chung, Young Ah Lee, Sun Hee Lee, Ji Hyub Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(8):922-929. Published online August 15, 2009

Purpose:The aim was to investigate the clinical characteristics and responses to growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with attenuated growth who showed normal GH responses to GH stimulation tests (GHST). Methods:The study included 39 patients with height velocity (HV) of less than 4 cm/yr and normal GHST results. Clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results:Eleven were born as small for gestational age (SGA)...

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