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Original Article
Epidemiology of central venous catheter related blood stream infections in pediatric patients
Jung Hyun Kim, Ho Sun Eun, Kyung Min Choi, Dong Soo Kim, Dong Eun Young
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):157-161.   Published online February 15, 2006
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the pathogens of central venous catheter-related blood stream infections and search for the association among the insertion site, the duration and the underlying conditions with the prevalence of central venous catheter-related blood stream infections under 15 years old. Methods : A retrospective study was performed from Jan, 2003 to Dec, 2003...
Molecular-epidemiologic study on outbreak of colonization by extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in neonatal intensive care unit
Nu-Lee Jun, Mi-Na Kim, Jae-Sim Jeong, Yang-Soo Kim, Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, Ki-Soo Kim, Soo-Young Pi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):150-156.   Published online February 15, 2006
Purpose : The aims of this study included assessment of molecular-epidemiologic features during an outbreak of colonization of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae(ESBL- KPN) and re-evaluation of their colonized status one year later. Methods : Rectal swab cultures for ESBL-KPN from all hospitalized infants and newly admitted infants were obtained during the outbreak of colonization from July to December,...
Review Article
Helicobacter pylori infection and abdominal pain in children
Jeong Kee Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):136-143.   Published online February 15, 2006
The relationship between H. pylori(Hp) infection and recurrent abdominal pain(RAP) in children is not clear. Current data in the literature regarding a causal relationship between Hp infection and childhood RAP are conflicting. However, meta-analysis and most of the recently published studies have not supported an association between Hp infection and an increased prevalence of abdominal pain. Most published studies have...
New approach to chronic recurrent abdominal pain in children
Hye Ran Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):129-135.   Published online February 15, 2006
Chronic recurrent abdominal pain is a common manifestation in children. Functional abdominal pain is the most common cause of chronic abdominal pain and can be diagnosed properly by the physician without the requirement of specific evaluation when there are no alarm symptoms or signs. Functional abdominal pain is categorized as functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pain, abdominal migraine,...
Early recognition of high risk factors of acute abdominal pain in children
Jin-Bok Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):117-128.   Published online February 15, 2006
Non-traumatic acute abdominal pain in children presents a diagnostic dilemma. Numerous disorders can cause abdominal pain. Although many etiologies are benign, some require a rapid diagnosis and treatment in order to minimize morbidity. This review concentrates on the clinical office evaluation of acute abdominal pain in infants and children and details the clinical guideline for the diagnostic approach to imaging...
Original Article
Usefulness of serum procalcitonin test for the diagnosis of upper urinary tract infection in children
Dong Wook Kim, Ju Young Chung, Ja Wook Koo, Sang Woo Kim, Tae Hee Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(1):87-92.   Published online January 15, 2006
Purpose : It is difficult to make a distinction between lower urinary tract infection(UTI) and acute pyelonephritis(APN) during the acute phase of febrile UTI due to nonspecific clinical symptoms and laboratory findings, especially among young children. We measured the serum procalcitonin(PCT) in children with UTI to distinguish between acute pyelonephritis and lower UTI, and to determine the accuracy of PCT...
Clinical features of children's brain tumors according to location
Seung Jeong Han, Yun Hee Kim, Young Se Kwon, Yong Hoon Jun, Soon Ki Kim, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(1):76-81.   Published online January 15, 2006
Purpose : This study evaluated the clinical characteristics of brain tumors in children according to their location, the parental delay and the doctor's delay between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of a pediatric brain tumor. In addition, this study compared the relationship between the pre-diagnostic symptomatic interval and the tumor location. Methods : A retrospective study was undertaken of...
N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide as a Predictive Risk Factor in Fontan Operation
Gi Young Jang, Jae Young Lee, Soo Jin Kim, Woo Sup Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(12):1362-1369.   Published online December 15, 2005
Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the plasma level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(pro-BNP) and several known risk factors influencing outcomes after Fontan operations, and to assess whether pro-BNP levels can be used as predictive risk factors in Fontan operations. Methods : Plasma pro-BNP concentrations were measured in 35 patients with complex cardiac anomalies before catheterization....
Clinical Characteristics of Neonatal Status Epilepticus
Kyeong Hun Jung, Yun Hee Kim, Young Se Kwon, Yong Hoon Jun, Soon Ki Kim, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(12):1342-1347.   Published online December 15, 2005
Purpose : Among perinatal risk factors, neonatal seizures are one of the strongest independent discriminators of adverse outcome, representing high risks of mortality and neurologic morbidity. This study was undertaken to evaluate the neurologic outcome of neonatal status epilepticus according to underlying etiology, seizure pattern, onset time, and duration. Methods : We reviewed retrospectively 36 neonates(19 males, 17 females) with status...
Clinical Entities and Etiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Apparently Healthy Children
Joon Ho Lee, Eun Kyoung Song, Jin A Lee, Nam Hee Kim, Dong Ho Kim, Ki Won Park, Eun Hwa Choi, Hoan Jong Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(11):1193-1200.   Published online November 15, 2005
ilus influenzae has been declined to 4% each from 23% and 14%, respectively, compared to previous study. S. agalactiae was the most common isolate in the infants ≤3 months. Among the infants and children aged 3 months to 2 years and children of 2-5 years, S. pneumoniae(57%, 52%, respectively, in each group) was the most common isolates followed by S....
Clinical Lecture
Infection and Innate Immunity
Moo-Young Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(11):1153-1161.   Published online November 15, 2005
As known by other name(natural immunity), the innate immune system comprises all those mechanisms for dealing with infection that are constitutive or built in, changing little with age or with experience of infection. Though in some ways less sophisticated than adaptive immunity, innate immunity should not belittled, since it has evidently protected thousands of species of invertebrates sufficiently to survive...
Case Report
Transcatheter Closure of a Residual Shunt after Surgical Repair of Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect
Hee Jeong Jeong, Han Hyuk Lim, Jae Hyun Yu, Jae Hwan Lee, Hong Ryang Kil
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1143-1147.   Published online October 15, 2005
The traumatic ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a rare but potentially life threatening complication of chest wall injury. The traumatic VSD occurs in up to 4.5% of penetrating cardiac trauma. Most of the patients are usually operated on because of heart failure and/or significant left-to-right shunt. The feasibility of surgical repair under cardiopulmonary bypass may be affected by coexisting pulmonary,...
Original Article
A Domestic Outbreak of Bacterial Dysentery Caused by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase(ESBL)-producing Shigella sonnei
Hyun Taek Lim, So Hee Lee, Jung Hwa Lee, Jeong Eun Kim, Kyo Sun Kim, Eun Ju Jeong, Seung Hyun Lee, Chang Gyu Kang, Seong Jin Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1107-1115.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : An outbreak of ESBL-producing Shigella sonnei enteritis was unprecedented not only in Korea but throughout the world in the past. We intended to devise a management guideline for ESBL-producing shigellosis based on analysis of clinical manifestations and response to therapy. Methods : We analyzed 103 patients who were admitted to the hospital with acute GI symptoms and were...
Etiology, Management, and Prognosis of Severe Hyperbilirubinemia (Serum Bilirubin Level=25 mg/dL) in Newborn
Jong Hee Hwang, Ji Hyun Lee, Yu Jin Kim, Su Hyun Koo, Jang Hun Lee, Chang Won Cho, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1102-1106.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : The present study examined the etiology, management, and the difference of prognosis according to methodology of treatment in severe hyperbilirubinemia with total serum bilirubin levels of more than 25 mg/dL. Methods : Medical records of severe hyperbilirubiemia in newborns(serum level=25 mg/dL) admitted to the NICU of Samsung Medical Center between October 1994 and June 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. Infants...
A Study on the Effects of Early Surfactant Replacement and Gentle Ventilation in the Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Yong Suk Lee, Ji Hye Lee, Sang Geel Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1096-1101.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : Recently, early surfactant replacement and tidal volume based gentle ventilation has been a fundamental treatment of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS). The aims of this study were to survey the changes in ventilator care duration and rate of complication in RDS groups. Methods : We performed a retrospective study of 255 newborn infants less than 1,500 g admitted to the...
Comparison of Clinical Progress between Single- and Multiple-dose Surfactant Treatment in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Chang Hee Kil, Ho Sang Jeon, Chong Woo Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1090-1095.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : In the case of serious respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) or relapse of clinical appearances after single treatment, we obtained more effective results with multiple-dose surfactant replacement therapy. We carried out this investigation for comparing and observing clinical progress between single-dose(group S) and multiple-dose(group M) pulmonary surfactant treatment group of neonatal RDS. Methods : We investigated 48 neonates who were...
The Usefulness of the Abdominal Computerized Tomography for the Diagnosis of Childhood Obesity and Its Correlation with Various Parameters of Obesity
Yoon Hee Shim, Su Jin Cho, Jung Hyun Rhyu, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1082-1089.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : Abdominal obesity is encountered as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the anthropometric cut-off value to estimate the cardiovascular risk, has not been suggested. This study was designed to find the relationship between the abdominal fat and various parameters of obesity to find the cardiovascular risk factors related to abdominal obesity and to establish practical methods to...
Relactation in the Lactation Clinic
Su Jin Cho, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1050-1054.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : Relactation refers to the re-establishment of a milk supply and nursing after the cessation of nursing for a variable period. We aimed to analyze the practical issues related to successful relactation in the lactation clinic. Methods : The medical records of 51 mothers who had visited the lactation clinic for relactation were retrospectively analyzed. Breastfeeding greater than 90%...
Clinical Lecture
Can We Predict How Often Nephrotic Syndrome will Relapse into the Patients?
Mee Kyung Namgoong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1033-1037.   Published online October 15, 2005
Pediatric nephrotic syndrome is a well-known illness for its high relapsing rate. If we can predict the relapsing rate and the responses to the steroid therapy of individual patients with nephrotic syndrome, the predictability will be helpful in building a therapeutic plan. Here is my review of research articles on the risk factors for the prediction of relapsing nephrotic syndrome.
Original Article
The Occurrence of Renal Scarring in Children with nilateral Vesicoureteral Reflux
Tae Ho Lee, Mi Ran Son, Soon Ok Byun, Jung Woong Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):998-1003.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : We evaluated the occurrence of renal scarring in children with unilateral vesicoureteral reflux(VUR), and the relationships between renal scar formation and risk factors such as VUR, duration of fever, acute-phase reactant, age, and sex. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the data of 35 children newly diagnosed with unilateral vesicoureteral reflux after urinary tract infection(UTI) in Wallace Memorial Baptist...
Risk Factors for the Early Recognition of Cow's Milk Protein-induced Enterocolitis
Sung Hyuk Lee, Seon Yun Choi, Byung Cheol Lee, Won Joung Choi, Byung Kyu Choe, Yeo Hyang Kim, Una Kang, Sin Kam, Jin-Bok Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):991-997.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : Cow's milk protein-induced enterocolitis(CMPIE) is a symptom complex of vomiting and/ or diarrhea caused by delayed hypersensitivity and may result in serious complications. This study was undertaken to identify high risk factors to facilitate the early recognition of CMPIE. Methods : We reviewed the data of 101 patients, aged 15 to 45 days, admitted due to vomiting and/...
The Therapeutic Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri in Acute Diarrhea in Infants and Toddlers
Tae-Hun Eom, Eun-Young Oh, Young-Hoon Kim, Hyun-Seung Lee, Pil Sang Jang, Dong-Un Kim, Jin-Tack Kim, Byung-Churl Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):986-990.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : Certain strains of lactobacilli are known to accelerate recovery from acute diarrhea. Lactobacillus reuteri is isolated from human breast milk and a commonly occurring Lactobacillus species with therapeutic potential in acute diarrhea. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of L. reuteri in acute diarrhea in young children. Methods : Fifty patients between...
The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Trivalent, Live, Attenuated MMR Vaccine, PriorixTM
Seung-In Ahn, Min-Kook Chung, Jung-Suk Yoo, Hye-Jeon Chung, Jae-Kyun Hur, Young-Kyu Shin, Jin-Keun Chang, Sung-Ho Cha
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):960-968.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : This multi-center, open-label, clinical study was designed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a trivalent, live, attenuated measles-mumps-rubella(MMR) vaccine, PriorixTM in Korean children. Methods : From July 2002 to February 2003, a total of 252 children, aged 12-15 months or 4-6 years, received PriorixTM at four centers : Han-il General Hospital, Kyunghee University Hospital, St. Paul's Hospital at...
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE) Colonization in Neonates
Hwa Yun Lee, Gi Hwan Kim, Jin Su Choi, Sun Hee Kim, Young Youn Choi, Tai Ju Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):946-952.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : Vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE) are now nosocomial pathogens in Korea. But little is known about the prevalence of stool colonization with VRE in neonates in Korea. So we studied the prevalence and risk factors of VRE colonization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU). Methods : From January 2000 to December 2004, the medical records of 294 neonates(127 cases of VRE group...
The Efficacy of Speech and Language Therapy for Children with Speech and Language Delays according to the Eiologies
June-Bum Kim, Jin-Soon Suh, Young-Hoon Kim, Seung-Yun Chung, In-Goo Lee, Kyung-Tai Whang, Byung-Churl Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):924-928.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : Treatment efficacy for children with speech and language delay has been the subject of considerable debate in recent years. We evaluated the clinical features of children with delayed speech and language and their prognoses according to their etiologies after 6 months of speech and language therapy. Methods : From January, 2000 to March, 2004, we retrospectively reviewed 56...
Case Report
A Case of Intussusception Caused by Meckel's Diverticulum in a Newborn
Seung Taek Yu, Yeon Kyun Oh, Won Churl Park, Eun A Kim, Chang Woo Lee, Hyang Suk Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):907-910.   Published online August 15, 2005
Intussusception and Meckel's diverticulum are very rare disorders in intrauterine or neonatal periods, which are causes of intestinal obstruction. We experienced a case of intussusception due to Meckel's diverticulum which caused intestinal obstruction in the neonate who had bilious vomiting a few hours after birth. We report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Original Article
Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-induced Endothelial Cell Differentiation by Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Methylprednisolone
Hyoun Ah Choi, Kyung Hwa Ha, Jong Seo Yoon, Yoon Lee, Joon Sung Lee, Ji Whan Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):886-893.   Published online August 15, 2005
Purpose : Kawasaki disease is the most common cause of systemic vasculitis in children less than 5 years of age. Recent immunohistochemistry findings suggest that many vascular growth factors play a role in the formation of the coronary artery lesions. Active remodeling of the coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease continues in the form of intimal proliferation and neoangiogenesis for...
Tumor Necrosis Factor and Lymphotoxin-α Gene Polymorphism in Korean Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Jin Soon Suh, So Young Park, Min Ho Jung, Byung Kyu Suh, Tae Gyu Kim, Byung Churl Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):871-876.   Published online August 15, 2005
Purpose : Recently, it was reported that tumor necrosis factor(TNF) and lymphotoxin-α(LT-α) gene regions might be a susceptible loci to type 1 diabetes in Japanese. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of TNF and LT-α gene polymorphisms with disease susceptibility in Korean children with type 1 diabetes. Methods : Forty-nine Korean children with type 1 diabetes(29...
Relationship between the Body Fat Mass Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis(BIA) and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DEXA), and by the Indices of Insulin Sensitivity
In Seok Lim, Ki Wook Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):857-864.   Published online August 15, 2005
Purpose : The objectives of this study was to evaluate the correlations between the indices of insulin sensitivity using fasting glucose and insulin level, and the body fat mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA), and to determine the clinical usefulness of insulin sensitivity indices when obese children were followed up. Methods : In this study, 28...
Medicolegal Problems in Pediatric Area
Soo Jeong Kwon, Ji Young Jang, Nam Su Kim, Myung Kul Yum, In Joon Seol, Ku Won Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):813-819.   Published online August 15, 2005
Purpose : Medicolegal problems start when the patient asserts the mistake of doctor and doctor does not accept it. The purpose of this study is to assess the actual condition of medicolegal problems and to provide solutions of medicolegal problems in the pediatric field. Methods : There is not official statistical data about medicolegal problems in our country. We gathered...