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Case Report
Endocrinology
Concomitant occurrence of Turner syndrome and growth hormone deficiency
Jung Yu, Ha Young Shin, Chong Guk Lee, Jae Hyun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(Suppl 1):S121-S124.   Published online November 30, 2016

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder in phenotypic females that has characteristic physical features and presents as partial or complete absence of the second sex chromosome. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a condition caused by insufficient release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. The concomitant occurrence of TS and GHD is rare and has not yet been reported...

Review Article
Endocrine problems in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: special review on associated genetic aspects and early growth hormone treatment
Dong-Kyu Jin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(7):224-231.   Published online July 17, 2012

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex multisystem genetic disorder characterized by hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. The main clinical features include neonatal hypotonia, distinctive facial features, overall developmental delay, and poor growth in infancy, followed by overeating with severe obesity, short stature, and hypogonadism later in development. This paper reviews recent updates regarding the genetic aspects of this disorder. Three mechanisms (paternal deletion,...

Original Article
Prevalence and risk factors of the metabolic syndrome in young adults with childhood-onset hypopituitary growth hormone deficiency
Han Hyuk Lim, Min Jae Kang, In Suk Yun, Young Ah Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(10):892-897.   Published online October 31, 2010
Purpose

This study evaluated the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk factors for metabolic derangement in young adults with childhood-onset hypopituitary growth hormone deficiency (ACOHGHD).

Methods

Thirty patients with ACOHGHD who were treated with hormone-replacement therapy, aged 18 to 29 years, who visited the Seoul National University Children's Hospital between September 2009 and February 2010 were enrolled. Height, weight, waist circumference,...

Factors for persistent growth hormone deficiency in young adults with childhood onset growth hormone deficiency
Young Ah Lee, Hye Rim Chung, Se Min Lee, Jae Hyun Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Sun Hee Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(2):227-233.   Published online February 15, 2009
Purpose : Growth hormone (GH) replacement after retesting is necessary because impairment of body composition and cardiovascular health has been more severe in adult patients with persistent GH deficiency (GHD) from childhood to adulthood. This study aimed to investigate the factors for persistent GHD and define a highly probable group of persistent GHD in young adults with childhood-onset GHD. Methods :...
Study on the diagnostic utility of serum levels of insulin-like growth Factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in growth hormone deficiency
Geun Ha Chi, Jeong Nyeo Lee, Woo Yeong Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(12):1329-1335.   Published online December 15, 2008
Purpose : This study aimed to determine the best cutoff line for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 to discriminate between growth hormone deficiency (GHD) patients and the control group. Methods : Two hundred thirty subjects with normal controls (129 boys and 101 girls, aged 7-15 years), 14 patients with complete GHD (12 boys and...
Clinical, endocrinological and radiological courses in patients who was initially diagnosed as idiopathic central diabetes insipidus
Seung Joon Chung, Seong Yong Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(11):1110-1115.   Published online November 15, 2007
Purpose : Idiopathic central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is defined in CDI patients without definite etiology. Some patients initially diagnosed as idiopathic CDI progressed to organic causes. We reviewed clinical, endocrinological, and radiological courses of 20 patients who was initially diagnosed as idiopathic CDI, to assess the predicting factors for progression to brain tumors. Methods : We reviewed the medical data and...
Review Article
Current use of growth hormone in children
Choong Ho Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(7):703-709.   Published online July 15, 2006
Since the advent of growth hormone(GH), children with a wide variety of growth disorders have received GH treatment. In GH deficiency(GHD), Turner syndrome, chronic renal failure, children born small for gestational age, Prader-Willi syndrome, and idiopathic short stature, the therapeutic effects and safety profile of GH are reviewed. GH therapy has been clearly shown to improve height velocity and final...
Case Report
A Case of Teratocarcinoma with Central Diabetes Insipidus
Jong Hoon Kim, In Seok Lim, Eung Sang Choi, Byoung Hoon Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(4):453-457.   Published online April 15, 2004
Central diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that can result as a consequence of diverse etiologies, including malformations, autoimmune, infiltrative(e.g. neoplastic or histiocytosis) or traumatic processes, as well as mutations in the gene encoding arginine vasopressin. Idiopathic central diabetes insipidus is a diagnosis of exclusion, one that has been made less frequently through the decades. Idiopathic central diabetes insipidus in...
Original Article
The Effect of Growth Hormone on Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Idiopathic Short Stature
Jeong Cheol Kang, Yoon Suk Choi, In Kyong Choi, Ho Sung Kim, Duk Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(3):310-318.   Published online March 15, 2004
Purpose : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of growth hormones on children with growth hormone deficiency(GHD) or idiopathic short stature(ISS). Methods : Between January 1988 to July 2003, 45 patients(M26, F19) with GHD and 24 patients (M13, F11) with ISS were enrolled in this study. Height standard deviation score(Ht SDS) for chronological age(CA) and Ht SDS for bone...
Factors Affecting on Final Adult Height and Total Height Gain in Children with Idiopathic and Organic Growth Hormone Deficiency after Growth Hormone Treatment
Im Jeong Choi, Jin Soon Hwang, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(8):803-810.   Published online August 15, 2003
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the final adult height and total height gain in idiopathic and organic growth hormone deficient(GHD) children after growth hormone(GH) treatment. Methods : Thirteen patients with idiopathic GHD and 22 patients with organic GHD who had been treated with GH and attained adult final height were included in this...
Endocrine Function and Growth in Children with Craniopharyngioma
Yoo Mi Chung, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):277-283.   Published online March 15, 2003
Purpose : Craniopharyngiomas are often accompanied by severe endocrine disorders. Although there is universal growth hormone deficiency(GHD), the resulting growth pattern is very heterogeneous. We report the growth and endocrine outcome of 44 children with craniopharyngioma, with emphasis on initial symptoms, growth before and during growth hormone(GH) treatment and spontaneous growth in spite of GHD. Methods : We performed a...
Effect of Growth Hormone Secretion on Serum Concentration of Leptin
Se-Eun Kim, Jeong-Nyeo Lee, Sang-Ook Nam, Woo-Yeong Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(7):959-966.   Published online July 15, 2000
Purpose : To investigate the effect of growth hormone(GH) secretion on serum concentration of leptin, we evaluated the differences in serum concentration of leptin between patients with growth hormone deficiency(GHD) and GH normal short stature in prepubertal male children, and the relationship between GH and serum leptin level. Also, we analyzed the correlation between serum concentrations of leptin and insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I), insulin-like growth...
Abnormalities of Hypothalamic-Pituitary MR Imaging and Pituitary Function in Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency
Hun-Gy Kim, Han-Wook Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):791-798.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : In this study, efforts have been made to evaluate the sella MRI in 14 patients with growth hormone deficiency to define more clearly the structural abnormalities of the hypothalamohypophyseal axis, examine frequency of these abnormalities, and determine whether a relationship exists between the sella MRI findings and types of endocrine dysfunction. Methods : Sella MRI was performed in 14 patients who were...
The Relationships of Pretreatment IGF-I SDS, Delay in Bone Age and Response to Recombinant Human Growth Hormone(rhGH) Therapy in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency
Seon-Young You, Ki-Joong Kim, Jeh-Hoon Shin, Jin-Nyoung Park, Hee-Jeong Ahn, Yong-Joo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(1):90-98.   Published online January 15, 1998
Purpose : To assess whether pretreatment IGF-I SDS and pretreatmental bone age are useful indicators in the response of rhGH therapy in children with GH deficiency(GHD), the relationship between pretreatment IGF-I SDS, delay in bone age and the growth response during the first year of rhGH treatment was analyzed. Methods : This study included 12 children with GHD. We measured IGF-I levels by RIA...
Long-term Growth Response to Growth Hormone Therapy in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency
Byung Churl Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(5):672-679.   Published online May 15, 1997
Purpose : The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term growth response to growth hormone therapy in 18 children with naive growth hormone deficiency. Methods : The subjects of this study were aged 3-13.5 years and each patient continuously received GH(EutropinⓇ) 0.45-0.7IU/kg/week, intramuscularly or subcutaneously in 3-7 divided dose for up to 7 years. Standard auxologic assessment was carried...
The Characteristics of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3(IGFBP-3) in Serum; The Diagnostic Utility of IGFBP-3 in Growth Hormone Deficiency
Ki-Joong Kim, Jeh-Hoon Shin, Young-Ik Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(11):1594-1599.   Published online November 15, 1996
Purpose : For diagnosis of growth hormone(GH) deficiency in short stature, peak growth hormone levels after pharmacologic stimulation are usually used. In this study, we measured serum IGFBP-3, which is a major binding protein in serum and is considered to be GH-IGF-I axis dependent, levels by radioimmuno assay(RIA) in sera from normal short stature(NSS) children, and patients with GH deficiency children to clarify the...
The Concentration of Insulin Like Growth Factor-I(IGF-I) and IGF-Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in the Serum of Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency and the Alterations after Growth Hormone Treatment
Woo Yeong Chung, Dae-Yeol Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(6):846-855.   Published online June 15, 1996
Purpose : The insulin like growth factors (IGFs) circulate complexed to IGF-binding proteins(IGFBPs). IGFBP-3 is the major circulating IGFBP and is found primarily as a 150 kDa complex which contains an acid labile subunit(ALS), IGFBP-3, and IGF-I or IGF-II and is considered to be growth hormone(GH) dependent. In this study, we measured serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and 150 kDa levels in sera of growth hormone...
Relationship of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I with Pharmacologically Stimulated Growth Hormone secretion in Growth hormone Deficient Children
Phil-Soo Oh, Ki-Joong Kim, Young-Iee Yu, In-Joon Seol, Jeh-Hoon Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(10):1394-1403.   Published online October 15, 1995
Purpose : At present, to determine growth hormone(GH) deficiency in short stature, many provocative tests using various pharmacologic agents such as clonodine, L-dopa, insulin should be done. These are not only complicated, but also misleading in some patients. And so, in search of a simple method of detecting GH deficiency that may replace the complicated stimulation test, we measured basal...
Diagnostic Significance of Urinary Growth Hormone Measurement in Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency
No Hyun Kim, Woo Yeong Chung, Soon Yong Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(8):1124-1131.   Published online August 15, 1995
Purpose : To investigate the diagnostic significance of urinary growth hormone measurement and compare with the urinary GH values in different methods of urine collection, this study was performed in patients with short stature. Methods : Measurement of urinary GH excretion was performed in 9 children with complete growth hormone deficiency (GCD), in 19 children with partial growth hormone deficiency (GPD)...
Clinical Significance of Urinary Growth Hormone Measurement in patients with Growth Hormone Deficien
Ho Seong Kim, Duk Hi Kim, Min-Seok Cheon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(4):478-484.   Published online April 15, 1993
Urinary growth hormone (GH) excretion was quantitated in 12-hr overniaght urine collections obtained from 13 children with complete growth hormone deficiency(CGHD), 6 children with partial growth hormone deficiency(PGHD), 5 children with short stature and normal GH provocation tests(NSC), and 5 normal control children (NC) to investigate whether the measurement of urinary GH can clearly separate the PGHD and CGHD groups...
Quantification of Human Urinary Growth Hormone and Its Clinical Significance in the Diagnosis of Growth Hormone Deficiency
Seung Ryul Lee, Ho Seong Kim, Duk Hi Kim, Chang Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(5):595-601.   Published online May 15, 1992
Twelve-hour nocturnal urine was collecte in 5 patients diagnosed of having complete GH deficiency, 6 of having partial GH deficiency and 7 persons as normal control group. The GH levels in urine collections were evaluated, and the results are as follows. 1) The GH level of normal control group was 16.76¡¾1.91ng/12hr, 59.00¡¾6.92ng/gCr, 16.24¡¾2.52ng/m2, 0.58¡¾0.12ng/kg. 2) The GH level of complete GH deficiency...
Effect of yeast-derived methionyl recombinant growth hormone on growth hormone deficient dwarf.
Jong Jin Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(9):1269-1275.   Published online September 30, 1991
Fifteen GH deficient dwarfs were treated with LBD-003, the first year-derived rhGH produced in Korea. The growth promoting effect of LBD-003 was excellent and similar to that of the pituitary extract GH or the previous imported rhGHs. The serum concentrations of IGF-1 at 6th and 12th month of treatment showed significant elevation (p< 0.005, p< 0.001 respectively), but no significant correlation was observed between the...
Clinical effects of yeast derived recombinant methionyl growth hormone in growth hormone deficiency.
Byung Churl Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(3):334-339.   Published online March 31, 1991
Since the success of human growth hormone (hGH) synthesis by recombinant DNA technology, these GH products are used in the treatment of growth hormone deficiency. Recently, methionyl-GH has been produced in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2150 by the use of a recombinant method. In this paper, the clinical efficacy and. immunogenicity of this GH was studied during therapy of 1 year in 20 children...