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Original Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Effect of vitamin E supplementation on bilirubin levels in infants with hyperbilirubinemia: a double-blind randomized clinical trial
Mojtaba Cheraghi, Maziar Nikouei, Majid Mansouri, Siros Hemmatpour, Yousef Moradi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(5):249-256.   Published online March 26, 2024
Question: Is vitamin E a viable therapeutic option for managing neonatal hyperbilirubinemia?
Finding: This randomized clinical trial examined the effects of oral vitamin E supplementation on bilirubin reduction (primary outcome), phototherapy duration, and length of hospital stay (secondary outcome) in 138 infants.
Meaning: Infants administered vitamin E versus placebo demonstrated similar reductions in bilirubin levels and length of hospital stay.
Comparison of minimally invasive surfactant therapy with intubation surfactant administration and extubation for treating preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized clinical trial
Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei, Behnaz Basiri, Maryam Shokouhi, Sajad Ghahremani, Ali Moradi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(4):188-193.   Published online July 28, 2021
Question: Are the short-term outcomes of minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) relatively superior to those of INtubation, SURfactant administration, and Extubation (INSURE) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
Finding: MIST could be an appropriate substitution for INSURE in preterm infants with RDS since it reduced hospitalization time and number of side effects.
Meaning: MIST is recommended for surfactant administration for its proven advantages over the INSURE technique.
Review Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Growth patterns of preterm infants in Korea
Joohee Lim, So Jin Yoon, Soon Min Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(1):1-9.   Published online July 8, 2021
∙ The growth of preterm infants is a main focus of neonatology.
∙ Preterm infants in Korea, especially those with a very low birth weight, achieve retarded growth.
∙ Careful growth monitoring and early intervention will contribute to better development outcomes and quality of life for preterm infants and improve public health.
Original Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Fluconazole prophylaxis against invasive candidiasis in very low and extremely low birth weight preterm neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mahmoud Robati Anaraki, Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh, Shahram Abdoli Oskoei
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(4):172-179.   Published online May 14, 2020
· Mortality is decreased significantly in meta-analysis of studies in different regimen of fluconazole prophylaxis.
· Significant decrease was seen in incidence of invasive candidiasis-associated mortality in extremely low birth weight infants in same schedules of prophylaxis.
· More studies required to relief the concerns.
Placental histopathology in late preterm infants: clinical implications
Kristina Ericksen, Joshua Fogel, Rita P. Verma
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(2):48-51.   Published online August 19, 2019
Question: Placental histopathology and its clinical implications in late preterm infants.
Finding: Placental vascular anomalies are more, and placental inflammation less common in late preterm infants compared to term. Higher maternal age, magnesium sulfate therapy and hypertension are clinical risk factors associated with late preterm delivery.
Meaning: Prevention and aggressive management of hypertension, and conception before 30 years of age might be effective in preventing late preterm births.
Review Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Surfactant preparations for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: past, present, and future
Ga Won Jeon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(5):155-161.   Published online February 8, 2019
Following the first successful trial of surfactant replacement therapy for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) by Fujiwara in 1980, several animal-derived natural surfactants and synthetic surfactants have been developed. Synthetic surfactants were designed to overcome limitations of natural surfactants such as cost, immune reactions, and infections elicited by animal proteins contained in natural surfactants. However, first-generation synthetic surfactants...
Original Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
The impact of a quality improvement effort in reducing admission hypothermia in preterm infants following delivery
Han Saem Choi, Soon Min Lee, Hoseon Eun, Minsoo Park, Kook-In Park, Ran Namgung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(8):239-244.   Published online August 15, 2018

Purpose: Hypothermia at admission is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. We performed a quality improvement (QI) effort to determine the impact of a decrease in admission hypothermia in preterm infants. Methods: The study enrolled very low birth weight (VLBW) infants born at Gangnam Severance Hospital between January 2013 and December 2016. This multidisciplinary QI effort included the...
Augmentation of respiratory muscle activities in preterm infants with feeding desaturation
Dong Rak Kwon, Gi Young Park, Ji Eun Jeong, Woo Taek Kim, Eun Joo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(3):78-83.   Published online March 19, 2018
Purpose

Frequent desaturation due to immature incoordination of suck-swallow-breathing in preterm infants can influence multiple organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain, which can then affect growth and development. Most notably in preterm infants, feeding desaturation may even affect pulmonary function during gavage feeding. Because respiratory muscle activities may reflect the work required during respiration, we evaluated the differences in...

Review Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Fetal and preterm infant microbiomes: a new perspective of necrotizing enterocolitis
Yong-Sung Choi, In Gyu Song
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(10):307-311.   Published online October 20, 2017

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition of hospitalized preterm infants. Numerous studies have attempted to identify the cause of NEC by examining the immunological features associated with pathogenic microorganisms. No single organism has proven responsible for the disease; however, immunological studies are now focused on the microbiome. Recent research has investigated the numerous bacterial species residing in the body...

Original Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Effects of cord blood vitamin D levels on the risk of neonatal sepsis in premature infants
Birgul Say, Nurdan Uras, Suzan Sahin, Halil Degirmencioglu, Serife Suna Oguz, Fuat Emre Canpolat
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(8):248-253.   Published online August 14, 2017
Purpose

Vitamin D plays a key role in immune function. Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of infections, and low levels of circulating vitamin D are strongly associated with infectious diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of low vitamin D levels in cord blood on neonatal sepsis in preterm infants.

Methods

One hundred seventeen premature...

Individualized ibuprofen treatment using serial B-type natriuretic peptide measurement for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in very preterm infants
Jeonghee Shin, Eun Hee Lee, Jee Hyun Lee, Byung Min Choi, Young Sook Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(6):175-180.   Published online June 22, 2017
Purpose

Plasma level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), an emerging, sensitive, and specific biomarker of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), rapidly decreases in infants receiving cyclooxygenase inhibitors for ductal closure. We investigated the usefulness of serial BNP measurement as a guide for individual identification of early constrictive responses to ibuprofen in preterm infants with symptomatic PDA (sPDA).

Methods

Before March 2010, the...

Effect of early postnatal neutropenia in very low birth weight infants born to mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension
Yang Hee Park, Gyung Min Lee, Jung Min Yoon, Enn Jung Cheon, Kyung Ok Ko, Yung Hyuk Lee, Jae Woo Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(12):462-469.   Published online December 20, 2012
Purpose

In this study, we aimed to investigate the perinatal clinical conditions of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants born to mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) focusing on the effects of early postnatal neutropenia.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 191 VLBW infants who were born at Konyang University Hospital, between March 2003 and May 2011. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics...

Case Report
Decreased heart sound in a healthy newborn: Spontaneous multiseptated cystic pneumomediastinum with delayed respiratory distress
Young June Choe, Eun eun Kim, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim, Jung-Eun Chun, Woo Sun Kim, In-One Kim, Jung-Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):244-247.   Published online February 15, 2010
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the absence of predisposing risk factors has been rarely observed in full-term neonates. A 3-day-old neonate, delivered vaginally at term without any perinatal complications or signs of respiratory difficulty, was referred to the Seoul National University Children’s Hospital because of reduced heart sound detected during routine neonatal examination. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed air collection in the...
Review Article
Enteral nutrition of the premature infant
Su Jin Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):7-13.   Published online January 15, 2010
Early nutritional support for preterm infants is critical because such support influences long-term outcome. Minimal enteral feeding should be initiated as soon as possible if an infant is stable and if feeding advancement is recommended as relevant to the clinical course. Maternal milk is the gold standard for enteral feeding, but fortification may be needed to achieve optimal growth in...
Original Article
Clinical experience of therapeutic effect of peritoneal drainage on intestinal perforation in preterm infants
Jun Seok Lee, Kyo Yeon Koo, Soon Min Lee, Min Soo Park, Kook In Park, Ran Namgung, Chul Lee, Seung Hoon Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(11):1216-1220.   Published online November 15, 2009
Purpose : To analyze and compare various cases in which peritoneal drainage was used as the primary treatment method in preterm infants with intestinal perforation. Methods : Among the preterm infants of less than 28 weeks of gestation who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the Gangnam Severance Hospital from April 2006 to April 2009, 7 who...
Readmission of late preterm infants after discharge from nursery
Myo Jing Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(8):888-892.   Published online August 15, 2009

Purpose:To evaluate the risk factors for hospital readmission during the neonatal period among late preterm infants who were discharged after nursery care. Methods:In this retrospective study, we reviewed medical records of 135 late preterm infants readmitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during the neonatal period, after discharge from nursery of IL Sin Christian Hospital from January 2003 to December 2008. We compared...
Short-term clinical outcomes of late preterm infants
Ji Youn Na, Narimi Park, Eun Sun Kim, Jin-A Lee, Gyu Hong Shim, Jin-A Lee, Chang Won Choi, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim, Beyong Il Kim, Jung-Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(3):303-309.   Published online March 15, 2009
Purpose : To identify the short-term clinical outcomes of late preterm infants and to test the hypothesis that late preterm infants have more clinical problems during the early postnatal period than term infants. Methods : One hundred late preterm infants [gestational age (GA) 34+0-36+6 weeks] and the same number of term infants (GA 37+0-41+6 weeks) were randomly selected from 289 late...
Relationship between cord blood level of IL-12 in preterm newborns and development of wheezing
Hyo Jung Yu, Eun Ae Park, Ji Young Kim, Soo Jin Cho, Young Ju Kim, Hye Sook Park, Eun Hee Ha
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(7):754-759.   Published online July 15, 2008
Purpose : Abnormal activation patterns of Th1/Th2-cells have been suggested to increase the prevalence of allergic diseases. Prevention is regarded as an important corner stone in the management of allergic diseases. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between cord blood levels of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-12 in preterm newborns and the development of allergic respiratory diseases in infancy Methods...
Cord blood IL-10, IL-12 in preterm newborns as predictors of respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Jee Yoon Park,, Ji Young Kim, Soo Jin Cho, Young Ju Kim, Hye sook Park, Eun Hee Ha, Eun Ae Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):248-254.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of RDS and BPD in the immature lung. We investigated the possible role of IL-10 and IL-12 in the cord blood of preterm newborns with RDS or BPD. Methods : Forty preterm newborns whose mothers received antenatal care at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital between January 2003 to June 2005, and...
Comparison of Epileptic Seizures between Preterm and Term-born Epileptic Children with Periventricular Leukomalacia
Hee Jeong Jeong, Eun Sil Lee, Han Ku Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(11):1225-1231.   Published online November 15, 2005
Purpose : This study compares the first epileptic seizures between preterm and term-born children with periventricular leukomalacia and epilepsy. Methods : From 108 cases having lesions of high signal intensity around the ventricles in T2 weighted imaging of a brain magnetic resonance study, we selected 37 cases that showed epileptic seizures two times or more and divided them into the...
The Effect of Histologic Chorioamnionitis on the Development of Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Chronic Lung Disease in Preterm Infants
Heui seung Jo, Beyong Il Kim, Chang Won Choi, Jun Dong Park, Chong Jai Kim, Jung-Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(2):150-156.   Published online February 15, 2004

Purpose: Histologic chorioamnionitis may play a role in the development of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) and chronic lung disease(CLD) independently or through its association with preterm birth. We investigated the relationship between histologic chorioamnionitis and clinical complications including, RDS and CLD, of preterm infants. Methods: Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 478 preterm infants(gestational period≤34 weeks) who were admitted to the neonatal...
Case Report
A Case of Recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus Disease of a Preterm Infant, Who Needed Continuous Oral Acyclovir Suppressive Therapy
Sung Seok Kim, Ki Woong Hong, Eun Ryoung Kim, Young-Don Kim, Kyoo Man Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(9):939-949.   Published online September 15, 2003
Neonatal herpes simplex virus(HSV) infections result in significant morbidity and mortality. Although acyclovir treatment has improved survival, severe neurological sequelae can occur in the majority of survivors. HSV infections limited to the skin, eyes and mouth(SEM) can cause neurologic impairment. A direct correlation exists between the development of neurologic deficits and the frequency of cutaneous HSV recurrences. National Institutes of...
Original Article
The Clinical and Prognostic Survey of The Preterm Infants Delivered from Pregnancy-induced Hypertension Mothers
Seoung Pyo Han, Sang Kee Park, Chang Hoon Song, Jong Park, Kyoung Sim Kim, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(1):64-71.   Published online January 15, 2002
Purpose : This study was undertaken to review the clinical and hematologic findings of the preterm infants delivered from pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH) mothers. Methods : The data were collected by reviewing the medical records on the current prognosis of preterm birth and sending questionnaires on the status of NICU. We reviewed the medical records from two university hospitals and two resident training hospitals in...
Relationship between Brain MRI and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Term Infants with Severe Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
Sun Young Park, Kyoung Sim Kim, Sung Soo Rim, Byung Soon Kang, Eun Young Kim, Yong Wook Kim, Se Jong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(2):139-148.   Published online February 15, 2001
Purpose : We analyzed the relationship between MRI patterns and neurologic outcome and explored the effectiveness of MRI as a tool for predicting the outcome. Methods : We analyzed 23 full term infants with severe HIE retrospectively who were admitted to our NICU from Sep. 1993 to May 1998. Their MRI findings were classified into 4 patterns : type I :...
The Effect of Massage on Premature Infants
Hee Sook Son, Jae Woo Lim, Kyuchul Choeh, Chang Soo Ra, Hark Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1046-1051.   Published online August 15, 2000
Purpose : To determine the effects of massage therapy on growth, development, hormones, immune function, hepatic function, hematopoietic function and sleep pattern of preterm infants. Methods : Thirty-one preterm infants of less than 35 weeks gestational age, who were admitted to Eulji Medical College Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between August 1998 and May 1999, and were in the state without mechanical ventilation or...
Usefulness of Plasma Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Concentration in the Diagnosis of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants
Byung Min Choi, Jae Kyun Yoon, Hyun Hee Lee, Hae Won Cheon, Kee Hwan Yoo, Young Sook Hong, Joo Won Lee, Soon Kyum Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(7):897-904.   Published online July 15, 2000
Purpose : Diagnosis of a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) that should be treated is difficult to determine by clinical and echocardiographic examinations. The aim of this study was to clarify the interrelationship of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) concentrations and clinical signs or echocardiographic signs of PDA in preterm infants and use plasma ANP concentrations as a diagnostic indicator of a hemodynamically significant PDA. Methods...
Physiological Effects of Kangaroo Care(skin-to-skin care) in Small Preterm Infants and Their Parents
Heng-Mi Kim, Soo-Young Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(3):365-371.   Published online March 15, 2000
Purpose : Kangaroo care is the practice of holding a small premaure infant, naked except for a diaper and hat, against a parent's chest. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and feasibility of kangaroo care in a NICU as defined by physiological variables. Methods : Ten stable, spontaneously breathing preterm infants, weighing less than 2,000gm were...
Effects of Cisapride on QTc Interval and QT Dispersion in Preterm Infants
Heui Seung Jo, Chang Won Choi, Yun Kyung Lee, Hee Seok Kim, Jun Dong Park, Jun Huh, Beyong Il Kim, Chung Il Noh, Jung-Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(2):188-194.   Published online February 15, 2000
Purpose : Cisapride, a prokinetic agent, is widely used in preterm infants with feeding intolerance or gastroesophageal reflux. Although cisapride is regarded as a safe drug, increased QTc interval or ventricular arrhythmia has been reported in adults and neonates. So we prospectively examined the effects of cisapride on the QTc interval and QT dispersion in preterm infants. Methods : QTc interval...
A Study of Factors Affecting Time of First Stool in Premature Infants
Hyeong Doo Cho, Je Woo Kim, Young Ah Lee, Hae Sun Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(12):1645-1650.   Published online December 15, 1999
Purpose : To assess the effect of gestational age and illness severity, and the effect of antenatal exposure to magnesium sulfate, glucocorticoids, and antibiotics, on the timing of the first stool in preterm infants. Methods : Medical records of all preterm infants admitted to the neonatal ward at Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital between March 1998 and August 1998 were reviewed. We...
Comparison of Treatment Course and Outcome between Medically and Surgically Treated Patent Ductus
Jeong Geun Kim, Jeong Nyun Kim, Dong Chul Park, Shin Yeong Lee, Hyun Chul Lee, Myung Jae Chey, Churl Young Chung,
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(10):1334-1341.   Published online October 15, 1998
Purpose : Early intervention is needed to treat patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) as it is a major cause of increased mortality in preterm infants. However, it is uncertain which is better, medical versus surgical management. We reviewed medical records to compare the treatment course and outcome between medically and surgically treated preterm PDA infants. Methods : Thirth-two Mechanically ventilated pretem infants(gestational age<34...