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Original Article
General Pediatrics
Efficacy of conservative treatment of perianal abscesses in children and predictors for therapeutic failure
Lars Boenicke, Johannes Doerner, Stefan Wirth, Hubert Zirngibl, Mike Ralf Langenbach
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(7):272-277.   Published online May 15, 2020
Background: The optimal management of perianal abscess in children is controversial.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of conservative treatment of perianal abscess in children and identify parameters that predict therapy failure. Methods: All cases of children younger than 14 years of age with perianal abscesses between 2001–2016 were evaluated. Results: Of the 113 enrolled patients, 64 underwent subsequent surgery for advanced disease (primary...
Case Report
Pulmonology
Endovascular stenting of tracheoinnominate fistula after tracheostomy in a 14-year-old boy
Mi-Hye Bae, Yun-Jin Lee, Sang Ook Nam, Hye-Young Kim, Chang Won Kim, Young Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(Suppl 1):S76-S79.   Published online November 30, 2016

Tracheoinnominate artery fistula is a rare, fatal complication of tracheostomy, and prompt diagnosis and management are imperative. We report the case of tracheoinnominate artery fistula after tracheostomy in a 14-year-old boy with a history of severe periventricular leukomalacia, hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, and epilepsy. The tracheoinnominate artery fistula was successfully treated with a stent graft insertion via the right common femoral...

Lung torsion after tracheoesophageal fistula repair in an infant
Eun Mi Yang, Eun Song Song, Hae in Jang, In Seok Jeong, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(4):186-190.   Published online April 22, 2013

Lung torsion is a very rare event that has been reported in only 9 cases in the pediatric literature but has not yet been reported in Korean infants. We present a case of lung torsion after tracheoesophageal fistula repair in an infant. Bloody secretion from the endotracheal tube and chest radiographs and computed tomographic scan results indicated lung torsion. Emergency...

Original Article
An 18-year experience of tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia
Juhee Seo, Do Yeon Kim, Ai Rhan Kim, Dae Yeon Kim, Seong Chul Kim, In Koo Kim, Ki Soo Kim, Chong Hyun Yoon, Soo Young Pi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(6):705-710.   Published online June 23, 2010
Purpose

To determine the clinical manifestations and outcomes of patients with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) and esophageal atresia (EA) born at a single neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted for 97 patients with confirmed TEF and EA who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between 1990 and 2007.

Results

The rate of prenatal diagnosis was 12%. The average gestational age...

Case Report
Coronary artery fistula associated with single coronary artery
Seong Man Kim, Min Seob Song, Kwang Hyun Cho, Chul Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(10):1118-1122.   Published online October 15, 2008
A case of a single coronary artery complicated with a coronary artery fistula (CAF) to the right ventricle is extremely rare, and its management strategy and prognosis are not clear. A 5-year-old boy was hospitalized for evaluation of a continuous heart murmur. Transthoracic echocardiography suggested a CAF to the right ventricle, with an enlarged left coronary artery. Cardiac catheterization...
A case of acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with congenital H-type tracheoesophageal fistula and gastroesophageal reflux
Heewon Chueh, Myo Jing Kim, Jin-A Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(8):892-895.   Published online August 15, 2008
H-type tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is extremely rare in infants and children, and clinical manifestations of this condition are diverse based on its severity. Some cases of congenital TEF diagnosed in adulthood have been reported, which indicate the difficulty of early diagnosis of this disease. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may induce chronic aspiration, pulmonary aspiration, apparent life-threatening events, and failure to thrive....
Two Case of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula Treatment Depending on the Presence of Pulmonary Hypertension
Yun Jeong Huh, Jeong Tae Kim, Jae Young Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(2):216-220.   Published online February 15, 2005
Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas(PAVFs) is a rare disorder that occurs in two to three children per 100,000 population. It is presented as absence of intervening capillary beds between the pulmonary artery and vein with resultant persistent right to left shunt. Other causes include trauma, liver cirrhosis, malignancy and schistosomiasis. It is mostly asymptomatic, but it may present with respiratory difficulty, cyanosis,...
A Case of Actinomycotic Thyroiditis in a Child with Fourth Branchial Cleft Fistula
Hye Young Lee, Jeong Suk Yeom, Myoung Bum Choi, Ji Hyun Seo, Jae Young Lim, Chan Hoo Park, Hyang Ok Woo, Hee Sang Youn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(6):696-700.   Published online June 15, 2004
Fistulas of the fourth branchial pouch have an external opening in the neck and the inner opening at the apex of the pyriform fossa. The tract passes from the left lobe of the thyroid, resulting in acute suppurative thyroiditis in most cases. Actinomycosis is an indolent, slowly progressive infection caused by anaerobic or microaerophilic gram-positive bacteria, primarily of the genus...
Transcatheter Coil Embolization in the Treatment of Coronary Artery Fistula
S. J. Kim, I. S. Park, S. H. Lee, M. Y. Hann, D. J. Cho, E. J. Bae, S. H. Kim, Y. M. Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1579-1582.   Published online November 15, 1999
Coronary artery fistulas, though relatively rare, are the most common hemodynamically significant congenital anomalies of the coronary artery system. Conventional surgical repair has been performed by either ligating the anomalous coronary connection or by direct closing of the Astula's orifice in patients undergoing a cardiopulmonary bypass. More recently, transcatheter embolization of fistulas, either with detachable balloons or coils, has been...
A Case of the Esophageal Atresia with Proximal Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Heung Taeg Kim, Woung Jik Bae, Soon Lee Jung, Jae Won Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):861-864.   Published online June 15, 1998
The congenital esophageal atresia with proximal tracheoesophageal fistula is a developmental defect with incomplete septation of the foregut of embryonic period and is often associated with other congenital anomaly. We experienced a case of the esophageal atresia with proximal tracheoesophageal fistula in a 1-day old male patient who was transferred from an obstetric clinic due to respiratory distress soon after birth. The baby was treated...
Transcatheter Coil Closure of a Congenital Coronary Arterial Fistula
Hye Soon Kim, Ho Sung Kim, Jung Il Rho, Jung Yeun Choi, Young Soo Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(5):730-734.   Published online May 15, 1997
Congenital coronary artery fistulas are rare congenital heart anomalies. Surgical closure of these fistulas was the therapy of choice till recently. The recent development of a new accurate coil-delivery system has enabled us to embolize the vessels. Percutaneous transcatheter coil embolization is a safe and effective approach to treating coronary artery fistulas and should be considered as the best treatment...
An Autopsy Case of Tracheal Agenesis Type 2
Hyun Joo Lee, Eun Ae Park, Seung Joo Lee, Mi Jeong Kim, Soon Hee Seong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(12):1759-1762.   Published online December 15, 1996
Tracheal agenesis is the rare and uniformly lethal anomaly that presents with severe respiratory distress and aphonia after birth. In this anomaly, the trachea is usually absent and air is reaching the bronchi through a communication with the esophagus. The diagnosis should be suspected in a nowborn infant with respiratory distress whose intubation is difficult. We report an autopy case of tracheal...
Four Cases of Congenital Esophageal Stenosis Due to Tracheobronchial Remnants
Gi Woong Sung, So Young Lee, Yeon Ho Choi, Kyoung Mo Kim, Jeong Kee Seo, In Won Kim, Kwi Won Park, Jong Je Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(2):273-279.   Published online February 15, 1996
Esophageal stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnants is a rare cause of congenital esophageal stenosis. The cause is thought to be esophageal sequestration of tracheobronchial remnants during embryonic separation. Errors in diagnosis are common and high index of suspicion is required for accurate diagnosis, and resection of primary site with anastomosis is recommanded. Although a rare entity, esophageal stenosis due to...
Pseudoaneurysm after Renal Biopsy; Angigraphic Diagnosis and Treatment by Superselective Embolization
Sin Weon Yun, Keun Seop Jung, In Seok Lim, Chul Ha Kim, Dong Keun Lee, Byeong Heun You, Hyung Jin Shim, Young Ku Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(3):417-421.   Published online March 15, 1995
The use of superselective embolization was assessed as a treatment for bleeding from arteriovenous fistulas and pseudoaneurysm after renal biopsy procedure. But unless it is sufficiently selective, the procedure results in loss of significant amount of renal parenchyme. We experienced one case of renal arterial pseudoaneurysm, which happened at 5days after percutaneous renal biopsy. Diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm was made by...
A Case of Agenesis of the Right Lung with H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Yong Seok Choi, Kyung Hee Kim, Young Chul Ahn, Baik Lin Eun, Kwang Je Beck
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(6):816-821.   Published online June 15, 1992
Agenesis of the lung is a developmental defect with complete absence or profound hypoplasia of one or both lung : absence of one lung is more common. Absence of both lung is very rare and is incompatible with life. Unilateral or bilateral agenesis of the lung often associated with the skeletal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and genitourinary anomalies. H-type tracheoesophageal fistula in...
Original Article
Treatment of Congenital Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula with Therapeutic Embolization in a Child.
Byung Hee Kim, Young Soo Chun, Jin Soo Choi, Jae Sook Ma, Tai Ju Hwang, Jae Kyu Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(6):835-841.   Published online June 30, 1990
Congential pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is an uncommon malformation which has an abnormal connection between the pulmonary capillary bed, in which venous blood in the pulmonary artery is shunted through the fistula into the pulmonary vein without exposure to alveolar air, enters the left heart, and results in systemic arterial unsaturation, polycythemia, cyanosis and clubbing. Death often results from cerebral abscess and rupture of the...
Congenital Esophageal Atresia Associated with Tracheal Bronchus and Imperforate Anus.
Si Houn Hahn, Keun Haeng Cho, Young Sook Hong, Soon Kyum Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(4):550-555.   Published online April 30, 1989
Esophageal atresia occurs once in 3000-4500 live births. These anomalies are thought to arise from defective differentiation of the primitive foregut into trachea and esophagus. defective growth of entodermal cells leading to atresia and an incomplete fusion of the lateral walls of the foregut to form a tracheoesophageal fistula. A full-term male baby was admitted to Guro Hospital with chief complaints of respiratory difficulty, chocking,...
A Clinical Observation on Esolhageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula.
In Sang Jeon, Jung Hwan Choi, Jeong Kee Seo, Chong Ku Yun, Sung Chul Lee, Kwi Won Park, Woo ki Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(6):691-699.   Published online June 30, 1988
To study the clinical characteristics of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, we carried out a retrospective review on medical records of 39 patients who were diagnosed as that by the operation, autopsy or radiolgy at the department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital between January 1980 and June 1987. The results were summarized as follows; 1) Type A was most common (94.8%) among...
Congenital Coronary Artery Fistula.
Hye Jin Kim, Yoo Ho Kim, Byeung Hae Ahn, Seung Hyup Kim, Wook Youm
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(3):381-385.   Published online March 31, 1988
In a 9/12 year old male patient, the diagnosis of a right coronary artery fistula communicating with the right ventricle was made by noninvasive technique using two dimensional enchocardiography. The diagnosis was confirmed by aortography. Surgical correction was performed and the postoper- ative course was uneventful. A brief review of literatures was made.
Case Report
A Case of Iatrogenic Femoral Arteriovenous Fistula.
Kyung Hyo Kim, Moon Ja Kim, Kyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(9):999-1001.   Published online September 30, 1986
Arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal vascular structure that establishes a communication between an artery and a vein without the interposition of the capillary bed. We experienced a case of iatrogenic femoral arteriovenous fistula in a six month-old girl. She was admitted with the chief complaint of different size of both lower leg which was first noted about l?/2 months PT A....
A Case of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistulas with Cyanosis.
Yun Oak Rho, Hyun Eog Yang, Kyong Su Lee, Kyung Sub Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(3):327-331.   Published online March 31, 1986
Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is a congenital vascular malformation in lung resulting from abnormal capillary development and thus unoxygenated, desaturated arterial blood enters into the pulmonary venous system and results in various symptoms such as exertional dyspnea, cyanosis, clubbing fingers and secondary polycythemia. The exact etiology of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is not well known but it may occur with or without hereditary...
A Case of Esophageal Atresia with Tracheoesophageal fistula.
Ran Suh, Hye Kyung Lee, Gui Sook Choi, Hyo Jung Kim, Sung Woo Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1984;27(10):1006-1010.   Published online October 31, 1984
Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula is a rare congenital anomaly. A case of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in premature infant was experienced at Han II hospital. The diagnosis was suspected by difficulty in insertion of oropharyngeal tube in operating room and was confirmed by esophagogram. Fluid and antibiotics were given immediately, but the patient expired on nineth day after...
Original Article
The Clinical Observation of Congenital Arteriovenous Fistular.
Jung Yun Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1984;27(6):583-591.   Published online June 30, 1984
Six cases of congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula were analyzed. The incidence was 0.2% of confirmed congenital heart disease. Male to female ratio was equal. Most of the cases showed exertional dyspnea and the history of frequent URI. Thrill was palpable in all cases except the case of right coronary artery-right atrium fistula. Continuous murmur on the left or right lower...
Case Report
Tracheoesophageal Fistula with Esophageal Atresia.
San Ho Kim, Jong Bum Kim, Bock Keun Kee, Dae Yeal Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1983;26(8):794-798.   Published online August 31, 1983
Tracheoesophageal fistula is rare congenital anomaly. A 3 days old female infant was admitted to our department of pediatrics because of mild dyspnea, vomiting and dehydration. T-E fistula was suspected by simple chest X-ray after insertion of the rubber catheter into the esophagus and confirmed by esophagogram with Dionosil. Total correction was promptly performed but 9 days later, gastrostomy was done because of leakage at the...
Congenital Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula.
Kwang Woo Kim, Kyung Suk Choi, Jung Woo Kim, Dong Hak Shin, Seockil Zeon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1982;25(11):1150-1154.   Published online November 30, 1982
We have experienced four cases of congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal ■fistula during the period of 3 years from Mar, 1979 to Sep. 1981, who were hospitalized at Dong San Hospital. The diagnosis was confirmed by esophagography, operation and autopsy. All four cases had upper blind pouch and lower tracheoesophageal fistula. Combined anomalities were aberrent subclavian artery, imperporated anus, estopic anus, hemivertebrae, polydactyly. Only one of four...
A case of perinephric abscess with perinephrobronchial fistula.
Ji Yoon Chung, Seung Woo Moon, So Kyung Park, Dong Hak Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1982;25(9):963-966.   Published online September 30, 1982
Perinephric abscess is an accumulation of pus in the perinephric space, an area anatomically defined between kidney and Gerota’s fascia. The abscess is usually confined to an the anatomic boundaries of Gerota*s fascia but may extend in several directions. Rarely perinephrobronchial fistula may occur. We have experienced a case of right perinephic abscess with perinephrobronchial fistula in 2-year-old boy who had renal dysplasia and ureterocele on...
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