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Volume 55(9); Sep 2012
Review Articles
Need for a safe vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus infection
Joo-Young Kim, Jun Chang
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):309-315.   Published online September 14, 2012

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory tract illnesses in infants and young children worldwide. Despite its importance as a respiratory pathogen, there is currently no licensed vaccine for HRSV. Following failure of the initial trial of formalin-inactivated virus particle vaccine, continuous efforts have been made for the development of safe and efficacious vaccines against...

The use of ketogenic diet in special situations: expanding use in intractable epilepsy and other neurologic disorders
Munhyang Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):316-321.   Published online September 14, 2012

The ketogenic diet has been widely used and proved to be effective for intractable epilepsy. Although the mechanisms underlying its anti-epileptic effects remain to be proven, there are increasing experimental evidences for its neuroprotective effects along with many researches about expanding use of the diet in other neurologic disorders. The first success was reported in glucose transporter type 1 deficiency...

Original Articles
Sensitization rates of airborne pollen and mold in children
So Hyun Park, Dae Hyun Lim, Byong Kwan Son, Jeong Hee Kim, Young Eun Song, In Bo Oh, Yang Ho Kim, Keun Hwa Lee, Su Young Kim, Sung Chul Hong
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):322-329.   Published online September 14, 2012
Purpose

Aeroallergens are important causative factors of allergic diseases. Previous studies on aeroallergen sensitization rates investigated patients groups that had visited pediatric allergy clinics. In contrast, we investigated sensitization rates in a general population group of elementary school to teenage students in Incheon, Jeju, and Ulsan.

Methods

After obtaining parental consent, skin-prick tests were performed on 5,094 students between March and June 2010....

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity in children with controlled asthma
Ji-Yong Yoon, Sung-Il Woo, Heon Kim, Yong-Han Sun, Youn-Soo Hahn
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):330-336.   Published online September 14, 2012
Purpose

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75) are not included in routine monitoring of asthma control. We observed changes in FeNO level and FEF25-75 after FeNO-based treatment with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in children with controlled asthma (CA).

Methods

We recruited 148 children with asthma (age, 8 to 16 years) who had maintained...

Excess of leptin inhibits hypothalamic KiSS-1 expression in pubertal mice
Sung Yeon Ahn, Sei Won Yang, Hee Jae Lee, Jong Seon Byun, Ji Yeon Om, Choong Ho Shin
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):337-343.   Published online September 14, 2012
Purpose

Leptin has been considered a link between metabolic state and reproductive activity. Defective reproductive function can occur in leptin-deficient and leptin-excessive conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of centrally injected leptin on the hypothalamic KiSS-1 system in relation to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) action in the initial stage of puberty.

Methods

Leptin (1 µg) was injected directly into...

Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin level in girls and its relationship with obesity
Jieun Lee, Juyoung Yoon, Jin A Lee, Seong Yong Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):344-349.   Published online September 14, 2012
Purpose

Short sleep duration is associated with obesity. Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-OHMS), the principal metabolite of melatonin, is closely related with sleep. We evaluated the difference in urinary 6-OHMS levels between obese girls and normal weight girls, and the relationship of urinary 6-OHMS with other hormones regulating body weight and metabolism.

Methods

A total of 79 girls (6.3 to 12.4 years) were included in...

Case Reports
A case of Becker muscular dystrophy with early manifestation of cardiomyopathy
Ki Hyun Doo, Hye Won Ryu, Seung Soo Kim, Byung Chan Lim, Hui Hwang, Ki Joong Kim, Yong Seung Hwang, Jong-Hee Chae
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):350-353.   Published online September 14, 2012

An 18-year-old boy was admitted with chest discomfort, nausea, and dyspnea at rest. At the age of 3 years, he underwent muscle biopsy and dystrophin gene analysis owing to an enlarged calf muscle and elevated serum kinase level (6,378 U/L) without overt weakness; based on the results, Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) was diagnosed. The dystrophin gene showed deletion of exons...

Neuro-Behçet disease presented diplopia with hemiparesis following minor head trauma
Ja Yun Choi, Sun Young Park, In Ok Hwang, Young Hwan Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2012;55(9):354-357.   Published online September 14, 2012

Behçet disease (BD) is rare in childhood. We report a 9-year-old boy with neuro-Behçet disease who presented diplopia and weakness on the left side after a cerebral concussion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed hyperintensity of the right mesodiencephalic junction on T2-weighted and fluid attenuated inversion recovery images. Prednisolone administration resulted in complete remission and normalization of abnormal MRI finding....