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Original Article
Platelet count and mean platelet volume in low birth weight infants (≤2,000 g) with sepsis
Wan-soo Lee, Jin-young Cho, Seung-taek Yoo, Chang-woo Lee, Doo-young Choi, Jong-duck Kim, Yeon-kyun Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):643-648.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : Sepsis is a common complication in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), seen especially in low birth weight (LBW) infants. A recent study showed that fungal or gram-negative sepsis is associated with a greater degree of thrombocytopenia than is seen with gram-positive sepsis. So, this study was undertaken to examine the platelet counts and platelet indices in LBW infants...
Fluconazole prophylaxis in high-risk, very low birth weight infants
Soo Young Kim, Soon Joo Lee, Mi Jeong Kim, Eun Song Song, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):636-642.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : Fluconazole prophylaxis for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants has been shown to reduce invasive fungal infection and its mortality. This study aims to evaluate the effect of fluconazole prophylaxis in VLBW infants on the incidence and mortality of fungal infection. Methods : VLBW infants with endotracheal intubation and central vascular access admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care...
The novel expression method of pediatric body composition : fat mass index and fat-free mass index
Young Gyu Cho, Jae Heon Kang, Hye Ryoung Song, Kyung A Kim, Ji Hyun Song, Myeong Ho Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):629-635.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : This study was conducted to assess the usefulness of fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) as novel expression methods of body composition in children. Methods : A total of 466 Second grade students-248 boys and 218 girls- from all elementary schools the Gwacheon City underwent anthropometric measures including bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and biochemical tests. The...
An analysis of one-year experience of pediatric observation unit: The first report in Korea
Jee Young Lee, Ui-Yoon Choi, Soo Young Lee, Ji-Young Lee, Byong Chan Lee, Hui Sung Hwang, Hye Rin Mok, Dae Chul Jeong, Seung Yun Chung, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):622-628.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : While pediatric observation units (POU) have become a common practice in hospitals throughout developed countries, there has been no report about POUs in Korea so far. The aims of this study were to analyze our one-year's experience of the POU and to decide which disease entities are suitable for the POU. Methods : All children admitted from...
Review Article
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation : overview for general pediatrician
Tai Ju Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):613-621.   Published online July 15, 2007
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has expanded and evolved substantially in the last decades to treat various malignant and nonmalignant diseases. However, the conditioning regimen can lead to transplantation related death by major organ dysfunction, severe infection and bleeding. In the allogeneic setting, graft versus host disease may also develop, making post-transplant management complex. To overcome these problems, new stem...
Solid tumors in childhood: risk-based management
Hong Hoe Koo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):606-612.   Published online July 15, 2007
Since the introduction of chemotherapy for the treatment of childhood leukemia more than 50 years ago, the results of childhood cancer have improved dramatically. The 5-year survival rate of disease, many of which were uniformly fatal in the prechemotherapy era, reached to more than 75%. This remarkable improvement in survival is a direct result of the incorporation of chemotherapeutics into...
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: past, present and future
Hyoung Jin Kang, Hee Young Shin, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):601-605.   Published online July 15, 2007
The cure rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children dramatically improved over past 5 decades from zero to about 80%. The main cause of improvement is owing to the development of chemotherapy by multicenter clinical trial of large study groups with the understanding of leukemia biology. Recently, pediatric ALL protocols were applied to the treatment of adolescent and even...
Erratum
Kim Hyo-Kyu: Comment on treatment of asthma in children (Soakwa 1958;1:15-8)
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):594-595.   Published online June 15, 2007
Lim Eu-Seon: Comment on issues about poliomyelitis in Korea (Soakwa 1958;1:24-6)
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):592-593.   Published online June 15, 2007
Case Report
Surgical removal of a left ventricular thrombus caused by acute myocarditis
Kyu Ha Lee, Min Jung Yoon, Mi Young Han, Sa Jun Chung, Soo Cheol Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):588-591.   Published online June 15, 2007
Left ventricular thrombus is mainly caused by anterior myocardial infarction or severe cardiac wall dysfunction of the apex, and is rarely caused by a complication of acute myocarditis. A 12-year-old female who developed symptoms of motor dysphasia and incomplete hemiparesis of the right side was admitted to the hospital. The brain MRI taken on the day of her admission showed...
A case of neonatal peroneal neuropathy with intrauterine onset
Sang-Soo Lee, Ji-Yun Sim, Mi-Jung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):585-587.   Published online June 15, 2007
Peroneal neuropathy presenting at birth is a rare disorder. Although neonatal mononeuropathies may be related to obstetrical complications, prenatal mechanisms should be also considered. We describe an infant who was born at term by cesarean section due to breech presentation with a unilateral footdrop. Lack of compound muscle action potential in the peroneal nerve and denervation potentials confined to the...
A case of childhood relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis and interferon β-1b treatment in a Korean patient
Hyun Seok Kim, Won Deok Lee, Jun Hwa Lee, Kyung Lae Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):580-584.   Published online June 15, 2007
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder that affects discrete areas of the CNS, including the optic nerves, in a quite variable relapsing-remitting fashion over a prolonged period of time. Although MS is usually considered to be a disease that affects peoples in early to middle adulthood, children do develop multiple sclerosis. The frequency of MS onset before the age...
Identification of a de novo mutation (H435Y) in the THRB gene in a Korean patient with resistance to thyroid hormone
Jin Young Shin, Chang-Seok Ki, Jin Kyung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):576-579.   Published online June 15, 2007
The syndrome of resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is characterized by reduced tissue sensitivity to thyroid hormone (TH). In the majority of subjects, RTH is caused by mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRβ) gene, located on the chromosome locus 3p24.3. RTH is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The clinical presentation of RTH is variable, but common features...
Original Article
Polymorphism in the promoter region of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene in Kawasaki disease
Mi Young Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):570-575.   Published online June 15, 2007
Purpose : To demonstrate genetic background of pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD), I examined the genetic polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in KD patients. Methods : PCR-RFLP of PAI- 1 promotor gene was analyzed in 56 KD patients admitted to Kyunghee University Hospital, Gachon Medical School Gil Hospital, and Eulji Hospital from March to August 2000 and 206 normal...
The effect of Lantus on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Young Jun Rhie, Hyun Wook Chae, Ho Seong Kim, Duk Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):565-569.   Published online June 15, 2007
Purpose : With a duration of action of approximately 24 hours and peakless levels, Lantus is a more physiologic basal insulin analogue compared with NPH. The aim of this study was to compare the glycemic control of Lantus plus Humalog with that of premixed insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods : The subjects consisted of...
Analysis of the association between bronchial hyperresponsiveness and genetic polymorphism of β2-adrenoceptor in adolescents with long-term asthma remission
Hee Kang, Young Yull Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):556-564.   Published online June 15, 2007
Purpose : We hypothesized that the persisting bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) of adolescents with asthma remission may be controlled mainly by genetic factors, and the BHR of symptomatic asthma by airway inflammation. β2-adrenoceptor gene is considered to be a candidate gene in the development of BHR. Thus, β2-adrenoceptor gene polymorphism may be associated with the BHR of adolescents with asthma remission,...
Pulse wave velocity and ankle brachial index in normal adolescents
Ji Hye Kim, Tae Young Gil, Hee Woo Lee, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):549-555.   Published online June 15, 2007
Purpose : Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ankle brachial index (ABI) are simple, non-invasive methods to assess arterial stiffness. These parameters are also known to be closely related to cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. The purposes of this study were to measure blood pressure, PWV, ABI in healthy Korean adolescents, set up their normal values and assess their correlations. Methods...
Analysis of anthropometric data for premature infants of 26 to 35 weeks of gestation; comparison with the data of 1960's
Ji A Aum, Hee Jin Jung, Jae Won Huh, Sang Hee Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):543-548.   Published online June 15, 2007
Purpose : The anthropometric data of newborns published by Lubchenco et al in the 1960's have been most commonly used in Korea as a standard of newborn growth. We hypothesized that Lubchenco's data have limitations for Korean premature infants born in the 2000's. We analyzed and compared the data of birth weight, length, and head circumference. Methods : The medical records...
The effect of restricted fluid intakes in the first week of life on the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants
Hoe Kyoung Koo, Eun Na Choi, Ran Namgung, Min Soo Park, Kook In Park, Chul Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):536-542.   Published online June 15, 2007
Purpose : We investigated the effects of restricted fluid in the first 7 days of life on the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods : Eighty three VLBW infants who lived more than 28 days were selected. The amount of daily maintenance fluid was determined by calculation of insensible...
The factors associated with the efficacy of indomethacin treatment in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus
Min Jeong Yoon, Hye Sun Yoon, Sung Hoon Chung, Mi Young Han, Chong Woo Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):531-535.   Published online June 15, 2007
Purpose : Indomethacin treatment is successful in about 90% of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants, but in some, repeated administration or surgical closure is required. The object of the present study is to determine the factors affecting the efficacy of indomethacin treatment and to predict the treatment result. Method : The 29 preterm neonates, admitted to neonatal intensive...
Review Article
Recent advances in histiocytic disorders
Jong Jin Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):524-530.   Published online June 15, 2007
The recent advances in the basic hematology and immunology have significantly enhanced the understanding of histiocytic disorders. The Histiocyte Society which was established in 1985 enabled the randomized trials for these diseases, and important knowledge regarding pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy and late consequences has been obtained. The treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) has varied greatly over last decades,...
Aplastic anemia
Hack Ki Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):519-523.   Published online June 15, 2007
Aplastic anemia is a rare disease, which is characterized by pancytopenia and hypocellular bone marrow without infiltration of abnormal cells or fibrosis. The incidence in Asia is higher than in the West and new cases are diagnosed at a rate of 5.1 per million pediatric populations per year in Korea. The pathophysiology is understood roughly by defective hematopoiesis, impaired bone...
Hemolytic anemia in pediatrics
Jeong Ok Hah
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(6):511-518.   Published online June 15, 2007
To understand the hemolytic anemia (HA) in children, the diagnostic approach and management of hereditary and acquired HA are described. The hereditary hemolytic anemia (HHA) can be classified according to the pathogenesis into three types : RBC membrane defects, hemoglobinopathies, and RBC enzymopathies. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and molecular defects of these three types are presented briefly. In Korea,...
Case Report
A case of dapsone syndrome
Yoo Jong Won, Ok Lan Kim, Seung Taek Yu, Young Wook Yoon, Du Young Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):493-496.   Published online May 15, 2007
Diamino-diphenyl-sulfone (Dapsone) is widely used in the treatment of leprosy and a variety of blistering skin diseases. It sometimes has adverse side effects with common usual doses, such as skin, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney and hematologic toxicity. One of these side effects is a rare but serious hypersensitivity reaction called dapsone syndrome, which occurs several weeks after the...
A case of idiopathic renal hypouricemia
Moon Hee Han, Sang Uk Park, Deok-Soo Kim, Jae Won Shim, Jung Yeon Shim, Hye Lym Jung, Moon Soo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):489-492.   Published online May 15, 2007
Idiopathic renal hypouricemia is a disorder characterized by impaired urate handling in the renal tubules. This disease usually produces no symptoms, but hematuria, uric acid nephrolithiasis or acute renal failure may develop. A defect in the SLC22A12 gene, which encodes the human urate transporter, is the known major cause of this disorder. We describe a 10-month-old boy with idiopathic renal...
Original Article
Valproate-associated weight gain and potential predictors in children with epilepsy
Gook Chan Jang, Eun Young Kim, Young Il Rho, Kyung Rye Moon, Sang Kee Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):484-488.   Published online May 15, 2007
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and potential predictors of weight gain in older children and teens treated with valproate (VPA) for epilepsy. Methods : Sixty-five subjects aged 8 to 17 years of age, who began VPA treatment between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2004, and who had documented weight and height measurements...
Evaluation of short-term cardiac function by tissue Doppler imaging in pre and postoperative period of congenital heart disease
Jun-Hwa Lee, Yeo-Hyang Kim, Myung-Chul Hyun, Sang-Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):476-483.   Published online May 15, 2007
Purpose : The objective of this study was to assess ventricular function by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who have been undergoing open heart surgery (OHS) using cardiopulmonary bypass. We tried to compare the parameters of tissue Doppler imaging before and after OHS in patients with congenital heart disease. Methods : This study was conducted...
Closure of secundum atrial septal defect: comparison between percutaneous and surgical occlusion
Na Yeon Kim, Hyun Jung Kwon, Deok Young Choi, Mi Jin Jung, Chang Hyu Choi, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):469-475.   Published online May 15, 2007
Purpose : This study was performed to compare the safety, efficacy and clinical results of the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) for closure of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with surgery. Methods : One hundred fifteen patients diagnosed as isolated secundum ASD in Gil Medical Center, Gachon University of Medicine from January 2000 to July 2006 were included. Seventy patients underwent surgical...
The changes of electrocardiography and signal-averaged electrocardiography after surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
Hye-Eun Seo, Hae-Ri Lim, Yeo-Hyang Kim, Myung-Chul Hyun, Sang-Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):462-468.   Published online May 15, 2007
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of the late potential of Signal- averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) and Electrocardiography (ECG) parameters during follow up of those who had taken surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Methods : Nine patients who had taken surgical repair of TOF since 1985 checked SAECG and standard 12 leads ECG twice...
Different characteristic between Escherichea coli and non-Escherichea coli urinary tract infection
Hee Jin Jung, Ji A Aum, Soo Jin Jung, Jae Won Huh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):457-461.   Published online May 15, 2007
Purpose : Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infectious disease in childhood. Especially UTI in infant and young children is associated with urinary tract anomalies such as hydronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics, and uroradiologic findings of UTI caused by pathogens other than E. coli with UTI caused...
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