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Volume 53(3); Mar 2010
Review Articles
Genetic testing in clinical pediatric practice
Han Wook Yoo
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):273-285.   Published online March 15, 2010
Completion of the human genome project has allowed a deeper understanding of molecular pathophysiology and has provided invaluable genomic information for the diagnosis of genetic disorders. Advent of new technologies has lead to an explosion in genetic testing. However, this overwhelming stream of genetic information often misleads physicians and patients into a misguided faith in the power of genetic testing....
Pediatric dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: interpretation and clinical and research application
Jung Sub Lim
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):286-293.   Published online March 15, 2010
Peak bone mass is established predominately during childhood and adolescence. It is an important determinant of future resistance to osteoporosis and fractures to gain bone mass during growth. The issue of low bone density in children and adolescents has recently attracted much attention and the use of pediatric dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is increasing. The process of interpretation of pediatric...
Clinical application of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in children and adolescents
Ho-Seong Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):294-299.   Published online March 15, 2010
Although the increasing incidence of central precocious puberty (CPP) in Korea has recently raised public concerns about health and growth problems, there are many areas of uncertainty regarding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of CPP. In this paper, we review the definition of precocity, the assessment of CPP, and the hormonal abnormalities that support the diagnosis. In addition, we review...
Original Articles
The current child and adolescent health screening system: an assessment and proposal for an early and periodic check-up program
Baik-Lin Eun, Jin Soo Moon, So-Hee Eun, Hea Kyoung Lee, Son Moon Shin, In Kyung Sung, Hee Jung Chung
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):300-306.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : Recent changes in the population structure of Korea, such as rapid decline in birth rate and exponential increase in old-aged people, prompted us to prepare a new health improvement program in children and adolescents. Methods : We reviewed current health screenings applied for children and adolescents in Korea and other developed countries. We collected and reviewed population-based data...
One-year evaluation of the national health screening program for infants and children in Korea
Jin Soo Moon, Soon Young Lee, Baik-Lin Eun, Young Key Kim, Young Key Kim, Son Moon Shin, Hea Kyoung Lee, Hee Jung Chung
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):307-313.   Published online March 15, 2010

Purpose:Results of the Korea National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children, which was launched in November 2007, were evaluated for future research and policy development. Methods:Data from a total of 2,729,340 cases were analyzed. Five visiting ages, such as 4, 9, 18, 30, and 60 months, were included. Several parameters such as stunting, obesity, and positive rate of developmental...
Clinical analysis of pediatric patients who visited Masan Samsung Emergency Center
Jae Wook Yoo, Jun Hwa Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):314-322.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : Through a clinical and retrospective analysis of pediatric patients who visited the Regional Emergency Medical Center of Masan Samsung Hospital from January 2007 to December 2008, we characterized pediatric and adolescent emergency patients to improve emergency care in future. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 14,065 pediatric patients below 19 years of age. Results : The...
Effect of hyperglycemia on mortality rates in critically ill children
Seongkuk Kim, Bo Eun Kim, Eun Ju Ha, Mi Young Moon, Seong Jong Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):323-328.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : To verify the effect of hyperglycemia on mortality rates in critically ill children and to identify the blood glucose level that influences prognosis. Methods : From July 2006 to June 2008, a total of 206 patients who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Asan Medical Center and who survived for more than 7 days...
Spectrum of patients with hypermethioninemia based on neonatal screening tests over 14 years
Se Jung Oh, Yong Hee Hong, Yong Wha Lee, Dong Hwan Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):329-334.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : The neonatal screening test for homocystinuria primarily measures methionine by using a dried blood specimen. We investigated the incidence and clinical manifestations of homocystinuria, isolated hypermethioninemia, and transient hypermethioninemia among patients with hypermethioninemia on a neonatal screening test. Methods : We performed a retrospective study of 58 patients transferred to Shoonchunhyang Hospital because of hypermethioninemia on a neonatal...
Effects of a 12-week, school-based obesity management program on obese primary school children
Han Gyu Kim, Goh-woon Lim, Hae Soon Kim, Young Mi Hong,
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):335-340.   Published online March 15, 2010

Purpose:This study was designed to determine the effects of a school-based obesity-management program on obese primary school children. Methods:A total of 995 children (6–12 years old) in a primary school were screened in March 2008, and of those, 101 obese students (44 boys and 57 girls, body mass index (BMI) ≥95 percentile) were enrolled for a study group. The school-...
Body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis in children below 7 years old
Jiyoung Jung, Han Wool Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Young Mi Hong
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):341-348.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : Body composition is important to define and manage obesity and undernutrition. Obesity is a significant health problem with medical and psychological consequences for children and adolescents. Body composition analysis (BIA) is a simple, rapid, noninvasive, and reproducible technique. However, comparative analysis of body composition has not been done in young children below 7 years old. The aim of...
Predictable risk factors and clinical courses for prolonged transient tachypnea of the newborn
Ji Young Chang, Chang Ryul Kim, Ellen A Kim, Ki Soo Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):349-357.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is usually benign and improves within 72 hours. However, it can also progress to prolonged tachypnea over 72 hours, profound hypoxemia, respiratory failure, and even death. The aim of this study is to find predictable risk factors and describe the clinical courses and outcomes of prolonged TTN (PTTN). Methods : The medical records...
Effect of SynagisⓇ (palivizumab) prophylaxis on readmission due to respiratory syncytial virus in very low birth weight infants
Soo Kyoung Park, Yu Jin Jung, Hye Soo Yoo, So Yoon Ahn, Hyun Joo Seo, Seo Heui Choi, Myo Jing Kim, Ga Won Jeon, Soo Hyun Koo, Kyung-Hoon Lee, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):358-363.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of SynagisⓇ (palivizumab) in reducing the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) readmission rate in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI ) and the subgroup that showed the most effective vaccination. Methods : We enrolled 350 VLBWI who had been discharged alive from the neonatal intensive care unit of Samsung Medical...
Caregivers’adherence factors affecting maintenance treatment in children with well-controlled asthma : A qualitative analysis through in-depth interview
Ic Sun Choi, Saeng Koo Cho, Kyong Suk La, Jung Hye Byeon, Dae Jin Song, Young Yoo, Ji Tae Choung
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):364-372.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : Good adherence of caregivers is essential for successful health outcomes in the treatment of childhood asthma. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors contributing to good adherence of maintenance treatment in children with well-controlled asthma. Methods : Children with well-controlled asthma being treated with a daily controller for at least 3 months in Korea University...
Clinical characteristics of acute lower respiratory tract infections due to 13 respiratory viruses detected by multiplex PCR in children
Jeong-Sook Lim, Sung-Il Woo, Hyuk-Il Kwon, Hyuk-Il Kwon, Young-Ki Choi, Youn-Soo Hahn
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):373-379.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the epidemiologic and clinical features of 13 respiratory viruses in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRIs). Methods : Nasopharyngeal aspirates were prospectively obtained from 325 children aged 15 years or less from May 2008 to April 2009 and were tested for the presence of 13 respiratory viruses by multiplex real-time-polymerase chain...
Respiratory syncytial virus infection cases in congenital heart disease patients
Woo Sup Shim, Jae Yeong Lee, Jin Yong Song, Soo Jin Kim, Sung Hye Kim, So Ick Jang, Eun Yong Choi
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):380-391.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the main pathogens causing lower respiratory infections (LRI) in young children, usually of limited severity. However, in congenital heart disease (CHD) patients, one of the high-risk groups for RSV infection, RSV can cause serious illnesses and fatal results. To elucidate the effects of RSV infection in CHD patients, we observed RSV...
Relationship between iron deficiency anemia and febrile convulsion in infants
Youn Soo Jun, Ho Il Bang, Seung Taek Yu, Sae Ron Shin, Du Young Choi
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):392-396.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : The association between iron deficiency anemia and febrile convulsion in infants has been examined in several studies with conflicting results. Therefore, the authors aimed to evaluate the precise relationship involved. Methods : In this case-control study, the authors assessed 100 children with a diagnosis of febrile convulsion, aged between 9 months and 2 years, during January 2007 to...
Direct detection of hemophilia B F9 gene mutation using multiplex PCR and conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis
Ki Young Yoo, Hee Jin Kim, Kwang Chul Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):397-407.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : The F9 gene is known to be the causative gene for hemophilia B, but unfortunately the detection rate for restriction fragment length polymorphism-based linkage analysis is only 55.6%. Direct DNA sequencing can detect 98% of mutations, but this alternative procedure is very costly. Here, we conducted multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) and conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) to...
Limitations of 99mTc-DMSA scan in diagnosing acute pyelonephritis in children
Byung Gee Kim, Jae Ryoung Kwak, Ji Min Park, Ki Soo Pai
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):408-413.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : We aimed to prove the relative limitation of 99mTc-DMSA scintigraphy (DMSA) compared to computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing acute pyelonephritis (APN) in children. Methods : Since September 2006, after a 64-channel CT was imported, 10 DMSA false-negative patients have been identified: these patients underwent a CT scan for acute abdomen or acute febrile symptoms and were diagnosed as...
Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics in children with type 1 diabetes according to pancreatic autoantibodies
Ji Hae Choi, Min Sun Kim, Chan Jong Kim, Jong Duk Kim, Dae-Yeol Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):414-419.   Published online March 15, 2010

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is any difference in the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with autoantibody-positive and patients with autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes at initial presentation. Methods:We analyzed 96 patients under 18 years of age with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. One or both of the pancreatic autoantibodies-glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) and...
Endocrine dysfunction after bone marrow transplantation during childhood and adolescence
Hye Young Jin, Jin-Ho Choi, Ho-Joon Im, Jong-Jin Seo, Hyung-Nam Moon, Han-Wook Yoo
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):420-427.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : Several complications can occur in patients who received bone marrow transplantation (BMT) during childhood and adolescence. This study aims to investigate endocrine dysfunctions after BMT so that better care can be provided to care for long-term survivors of BMT. Methods : One hundred patients (61 males, 39 females) were included in this study. Clinical parameters such as initial diagnosis,...
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with decreased level of ADAMTS-13 activity and increased level of ADAMTS-13 inhibitor in an adolescent
Eun Mi Yang, Dong Kyun Han, Hee Jo Baek, Young Ok Kim, Myung Geun Shin, Hoon Kook, Tai Ju Hwang
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):428-431.   Published online March 15, 2010
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by endothelial cell damage, resulting in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and various degrees of neurological and renal impairment caused by microvascular thrombi. It is rare in children and frequently follows a fatal course. TTP is divided into 2 types: one is inherited and associated with ADAMTS-13 gene mutations and the other...
Case Reports
Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus with macroglossia diagnosed by methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR)
Hye Young Jin, Jin-Ho Choi, Gu-Hwan Kim, Han-Wook Yoo
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):432-436.   Published online March 15, 2010
Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) has been associated with paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6, paternally inherited duplication of 6q24, or a methylation defect at a CpG island of the ZAC or HYMAI gene. We experienced a case of TNDM in which the patient presented with hyperglycemia, macroglossia, and intrauterine growth retardation, caused by a paternally derived HYMAI. An 18-day-old...
A case of steroid-induced psychosis in a child having nephrotic syndrome with toxic epidermal necrolysis
Sae Yoon Kim, Jae Min Lee, Yong Hoom Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2010;53(3):437-441.   Published online March 15, 2010
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) are rare, life-threatening mucocutaneous diseases, usually attributable to drugs and infections. Corticosteroids have been used in the management of TEN for the last 30 years. This remains controversial and is still much debated. TEN can occur despite administration of high doses of systemic corticosteroids. The psychiatric side effects of corticosteroids can include...