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Original Article
Current Understanding and Practices of Breast feeding by Mothers
Eun Young Park, Su Jin Cho, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(11):1162-1165.   Published online November 15, 2005
Purpose : The objective of this survey was to develop an operational plan for breast feeding education. In order to comprehend current breast feeding patterns, we aimed to examine the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding breast feeding of mothers and to compare the data with a similar study done 6 years ago. Methods : A total of 127 mothers who delivered...
Relactation in the Lactation Clinic
Su Jin Cho, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1050-1054.   Published online October 15, 2005
Purpose : Relactation refers to the re-establishment of a milk supply and nursing after the cessation of nursing for a variable period. We aimed to analyze the practical issues related to successful relactation in the lactation clinic. Methods : The medical records of 51 mothers who had visited the lactation clinic for relactation were retrospectively analyzed. Breastfeeding greater than 90%...
Measurement of the Common Carotid Artery by Ultrasound as a Predictor of Atherosclerosis in Obese Adolescents
Ye Jin Kim, Yoon Hee Shim, Joung Hyun Yoo, Keun Lee, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(7):745-752.   Published online July 15, 2005
Purpose : Adolescent obesity is known to be associated with complications such as hypertension, coronary artery disease and insulin resistance. We measured the common carotid artery by ultrasound as a predictor of atherosclerosis, and investigated the relationship between carotid artery parameters and serum cytokines in obese adolescents. Methods : Twenty-nine obese adolescents(16-17 years old, obesity index>130 percent) and twenty- seven...
Antithrombin III in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Premature Infants
Su Jin Cho, Hye Ryung Choi, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Eun Ae Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):740-745.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : We evaluated the diagnostic implications and therapeutic efficacy of antithrombin III(AT III) in the disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) of premature infants. Methods : Ninety-two premature infants diagnosed with DIC and treated with AT III from March, 2000 to May, 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical manifestations, complete blood counts, coagulation tests, and AT III levels were compared between the two groups...
A Study for Adiponectin in Obese Adolescents with Hypertension
Jee Yoon Park, Su Jin Cho, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):719-725.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : The adipocyte has traditionally been known as a reservoir for energy, but currently there is growing evidence that the adipocyte plays an important role in the pathogenesis of energy metabolism and homeostasis. Adipocytokine released from the adipocyte has been known to play a role in diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and other diseases related with obesity. The purpose...
The Ewha Infant Develomental Screening Test
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(6):700-711.   Published online June 15, 2002
Purpose : Early identification and treatment of developmental disabilities is of considerable importance in the health care of children. Screening of development is aimed at identifying infants who may need more comprehensive evaluations. Methods : A new test, the Ewha Infant Development Screening Test(EDST) has been created to screen the development of infants, 0-4 years of age. EDST was constructed so...
Serogroup and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Oropharynx in Children Attending Day Care Center
Kyung Hyo Kim, Jong Eun Lee, Il Tae Whang, Kyung Ha Ryu, Young Mi Hong, Gyoung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Eun-Suk Kang, Ki-Sook Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(3):346-353.   Published online March 15, 2002
Purpose : Penicillin- and multidrug-resistant S. pneumoniae poses a serious threat to clinicians because the rate of resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin in Korea has surged up to the world's highest level. This study was performed to assess the carriage rate, serogroups and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. pneumoniae isolated from oropharynx in children. Methods : From March to July 1998,...
Risk Factors for Fatty Liver in Obese Children
Ki Won Park, Jong Eun Lee, Kyung Ha Ryu, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Gyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Jeong Hyun Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(6):669-676.   Published online June 15, 2001
Purpose : The incidence of obese patients has increased recently in Korea. Obesity is associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and fatty liver. Since recent investigators have revealed that not only fat accumulation but also fibrosis and nonspecific hepatitis can be found in the livers of obese children, fatty liver is currently considered as an important complication. The purpose of...
The Changes of Apoptosis and Viability in Stem Cells after Thawing with Lapse of the Time
Seun Joo Park, Sang Young Bae, Kyung Ha Ryu, Il Tae Whang, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Joo Young Seoh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1576-1582.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Thawed stem cells should be infused as early as possible because delay of infusion leads to decrease of cell viability and formation of DNA clumping. The procedure of 10% Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) removal and a long distance from the thawing location to the patient are the main causes of delay of infusion that results in the loss of cell...
The Seoul Infant Developmental Screening Test
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(3):335-343.   Published online March 15, 2000
Purpose : The importance of early detection of developmental delays during infancy and preschool years has been repeatedly stressed, as early diagnosis of retardation increases the opportunities for effective therapy. Several screening tests developed in other countries are inappropriate for Korean children. The purpose of this study was to standardize a developmental screening method for Korean children. Methods : One hundred...
The Improvement of Cell Viability due to Dilution and Removal of DMSO in Thawing of Stem Cells
Hoon-Kyung Lee, Kyung-Ha Ryu, Il-Tae Whang, Eun Suk Kang, Ki Sook Hong, Kyung-Hyo Kim, Young-Mi Hong, Kyung-Hee Kim, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(2):241-246.   Published online February 15, 2000
Purpose : Cryopreserved stem cells from cord blood are usually infused with Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) immediately after thawing. However, this process may cause cell damage due to osmotic shock, and the administration of DMSO may also cause toxic effects. We studied a new method of increasing cell viability by stabilizing osmolarity by adding dextran 40 and washing out DMSO. Methods :...
A Survey on Mothers' Perception of Breastfeeding
Ji Hye Jung, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1050-1055.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : The objective of this investigation was to identify the postpartum change in breastfeeding rate and mothers' perception of breastfeeding. The investigation was carried out to make plans for the education of mothers regarding breastfeeding. Methods : Total of 284 mothers, who delivered healthy full-term babies at Dongdaemun Hospital, Medical College, Ewha Womans University, were interviewed and asked to complete...
Screening Device for Developmental Delay at Well Baby Visit
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1043-1049.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : Developmental delay is a fairly common problem in childhood and its early diagnosis is crucial not only for the child but also for the family and society. If found early and properly managed, the side effects can be minimized and the child with developmental delay will have a better prognosis. However, early diagnosis is difficult due to various...
The Relationship between IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6 and Factors Associated with Febrile Reactions to Transfused Blood
Hae Shin Kyung, Kyung Ha Ryu, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hi Kim, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(1):108-114.   Published online January 15, 1999
Purpose : Aggressive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation have a large demand for platelet concentrate and packed RBC transfusion. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are an immunologically mediated reaction involving plasma in the recipient and the white blood cells in the donor. This study was performed to understand the role of cytokines and factors associated with febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction to...
Crying Pattern of Infants by Crying Pattern Questionnaire
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(8):1091-1097.   Published online August 15, 1997
Purpose : Studies done in Western societies have described characteristics of infant crying behavior. These include:crying peak in the second month, diurnal rhythm(typified by clustering during evening hours) and crying that is robust to differences in caretaking styles. This survey was undertaken to compare the crying patterns of Korean babies with those of their Western counterparts. Methods : From June 1995 to March 1996, well...
Denver II Developmental Screening Test and Development of Seoul Children
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(9):1210-1215.   Published online September 15, 1996
Purpose : 2 The Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) is one of the most popular developmental screening tests. Since its publication in 1967, it has been standardized in many countries and has been used internationally. The Korean version of DDST was made in 1987. After a number of concerns regarding DDST have been raised, the test was revised, restandardized and published as Denver II...
Erratum
A Clinical Study on a Behavior Screening Scale
Keun Lee
Accepted January 1, 1970  
A scale to screen children's behavior was developed to be used by pediatrician before examining the children brought to them for possible behavioral or developmental problems. The scale consisted of 2 parts. In the first part, there were 15 subjective questions about children's behavior and development which parents can answer in short sentences and in the second part, there were...
Original Article
A Study on Non-Organic Failure to Thrive Infants
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(4):464-471.   Published online April 15, 1994
Failure to thrive(FTT) is defined when the weight of a child is below 3rd percentile or when there is sudden weight loss in history. If organic cause of the weight loss is not found, it is called non-organic failure to thrive (NETT). Relatively little attention has been paid to NFTT in Korea for various reasons and the incidence is...
Phenobarbital Dosage and Blood Level for Control of Neonatal Seizure
Hye Soon Kim, Keun Lee, Young Sook Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(12):1641-1646.   Published online December 15, 1993
Twenty-five neonates was observe for the relationship between phenobrbital loading dose, plasma concentrations and control of seizures. Nineteen neonates (76%) had seizures controlled by phenobarbital alone, Effective plasma concentration were 10.0~31.3㎍/ml. Although 14 neonates had seizures controlled by phenobarbital concentration below 20㎍/ml, neonate required level above 30㎍/ml. We foound that continued benefit was obtained until phenobarbital plasma concentrations reached 40㎍/ml...
Case Report
A Case of Fukuyama Type Congenital Muscular Dystrophy
Young Eun Lee, Min Hyea Kim, Keun Lee, Eun Chul Chung, Hyea Soo Koo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(10):1463-1468.   Published online October 15, 1992
Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy is characterized by mental retardation, progressive muscle weakness and hypotonia, joint contracture and seizures in half of the reported cases. The usual CT abnormalities are dilated cerebral ventricles and Sylvian fissures and lucency of cortical white matter. The most consistent pathologic findings in the brain are polymicrogyria and pachygyria, caused by a disturbance of migration...
Original Article
Children with Delayed Speech Development
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(9):1236-1242.   Published online September 15, 1992
Language disorder is one of the most common developmental disorder, its prevalence being 3~20% according to various reports. Delayed speech development is frequently associated with other type of developmental disorder and, if left untreated, can lead to learning difficulty or school failure. Etiologies of delayed speech development are infantile autism, mental retardation, developmental language disorder, hearing defect, emotional disorder or poor...
The effect of ultrasonic nebulized salbutamol in the first attacked wheezy infants.
Soo Young Kweon, Young Mi Hong, Gyung Hee Kim, Seung Joo Lee, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(11):1505-1511.   Published online November 30, 1991
Wheezing is one of the most common symptom in the first 2 year of life. Although the effect of bronchodilator in wheezy infants was still debating, various form of bronchodilator has been tried untill now. This study was done to estimate the value of ultrasonic nebulized salbutamol as a bronchodilator test and maintenance therapy compared to epinephrine and aminophylline in 44 wheezy infants below 24...
Sleep patern and night waking in infants.
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(5):629-636.   Published online May 31, 1991
Night waking is very common in infancy and can be a transient phenomenon but, if it persists, it can be a symptom of more serious behavior disorders or emotional problems. To study the sleeping pattern and night waking in infants, a survey was taken on 219 parents of 3 month to 2 year old infants, at outpatient clinic of Department of Pediatrics, Ewha...
Language development in first 3 years of life and early language screening scale.
Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(4):465-472.   Published online April 30, 1991
Language disorder is found in 5—10% of children. Etiologies of delayed language are mental retardation, Hearing loss, developmental dysphasia, dysarthria, infantile autism, psychological prob- lem and others. Delayed development of language is a key symptom of these diseases and oftentime the chief complamt which brings the child to the physician. Pediatrician is in the position to diagnose not only delayed language but the causativ...
Intrauterine Growth of Korean Infants from 25 Weeks to 44 Weeks Gestation.
Ghee Young Jung, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(7):887-900.   Published online July 31, 1990
It is very important to reduce the perinatal morbidity or mortality by early recognition of abnor- mally overgrown or undergrown neonates. To achieve this, it is necessary to establish the standards of intrauterine fetal growth of Korean infants. Though there were some previous reports, we intended to make more appropriate fetal growth curve standards by retrospective cross-sectional study using the data obtained from measurements...
A Study on Anemia of Acute Infectious Disease in Children.
Hae Won Lee, Young Mi Hong, Seung Joo Lee, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(1):75-80.   Published online January 31, 1990
The anemia of acute infectious disease has come to attention recently, since iron deficiency anemia has decreased. We screened for anemia in children admitted to Ewha Womans University Hospital due to acute infectious disease between January 1, 1986 and July 31, 1988, and studied the incidence and characteristics of anemia in acute infectious diseases. The result were as follows: 1) The incidence of anemia in acute...
Clinical Strudy of chlamydial Pneumonia in Early Infants.
Mi Kyung Kim, Young Mi Hong, Seung Joo Lee, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(1):51-58.   Published online January 31, 1990
We studied Chlamydiazyme test in 55 infants below 6 months of age with lower respiratory tract infection, admitted to the Pediatric ward of Ewha Womans University Hospital, between October 1, 1987 and February 28, 1989. The results were as follows. 1. The overall incidence of Chlamydial pneumonia was 14,5% (8/55). All of them were below 2 months of age, so the incidence in infants below...
Serum Ribounclease Activity in Patients with Leukemia and Chromatographic Isolation of the Enzyme.
Young Suk Koh, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(12):1715-1725.   Published online December 31, 1989
In order to find out the possibility for using serum ribonuclease (RNase) activity as diagnostic and therapeutic markers for leukemia, serum neutral, acid and alkaline RNase activities were determined in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) before and after anticancer therapy and in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Also, serum RNases (neutral, acid and alkaline (RNase)and proteins were analyzed by column...
A case of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a child treated with plasmapheresis.
Hae Won Lee, Hoo Jae Han, Seung Joo Lee, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(11):1592-1597.   Published online November 30, 1989
We experienced a case of Guillain -Barré syndrome in a 12-year-old female patient who had progressive motor weakness and showed rapid recovery with plasmapheresis and supportive therapy in acute stage. A brief review of the related literature was added.
Idiopathic Hypercalciuria in Children.
Kyung Ha Ryu, Seung Joo Lee, Keun Lee, Jae Sun Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(6):809-815.   Published online June 30, 1989
Idiopathic hypercalciuria is defined as increased urinary excretion of calcium in normocalcemia without primary cause. It is associated with urinary symptoms, such as hematuria but it occurs without any symptoms too. If left untreated, it may cause kidney stone, dimineralization of bone, or other problem. The incidence of idiopathic hypercalciuria was 3.9% in asymptomatic group compared to 5% in unselected populations in this study....