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Review Article
Cardiology
Recent advances in pediatric interventional cardiology
Seong-Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(8):237-244.   Published online August 14, 2017

During the last 10 years, there have been major technological achievements in pediatric interventional cardiology. In addition, there have been several advances in cardiac imaging, especially in 3-dimensional imaging of echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and cineangiography. Therefore, more types of congenital heart diseases can be treated in the cardiac catheter laboratory today than ever before. Furthermore, lesions previously...

Case Report
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Successfully treated infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in extremely low birth weight infant
Sehwa Jung, Kyung Uk Jeong, Jang Hoon Lee, Jo Won Jung, Moon Sung Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(2):96-99.   Published online February 29, 2016

Survival rates of preterm infants have improved in the past few decades, and central venous catheters play an important role in the intensive medical treatment of these neonates. Unfortunately, these indwelling catheters increase the risk of intracardiac thrombosis, and they provide a nidus for microorganisms during the course of septicemia. Herein, we report a case of persistent bacteremia due to...

Original Article
Ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein catheterization in critically ill pediatric patients
Eu Jeen Yang, Hyeong Seok Ha, Young Hwa Kong, Sun Jun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(4):136-141.   Published online April 22, 2015
Purpose

Continuous intravenous access is imperative in emergency situations. Ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization was investigated in critically ill pediatric patients to assess the feasibility of the procedure.

Methods

Patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit between February 2011 and September 2012 were enrolled in this study. All patients received a central venous catheter from attending house staff under ultrasound guidance....

Transcatheter closure of small ductus arteriosus with amplatzer vascular plug
Eun Hyun Cho, Jinyoung Song, I-Seok Kang, June Huh, Sang Yoon Lee, Eun Young Choi, Soo Jin Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(9):396-400.   Published online September 30, 2013
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to share our experience of transcatheter closure of small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by using an Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP).

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 20 patients who underwent transcatheter closure at Samsung Medical Center and Sejong General Hospital from January 2008 to August 2012. The size and shape of the PDAs were evaluated...

Clinical outcome of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in small children weighing 10 kg or less
Young A Park, Nam Kyun Kim, Su-Jin Park, Bong Sic Yun, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(12):1012-1017.   Published online December 31, 2010
Purpose

Transcatheter closure has become an effective therapy in most patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). However, there are difficulties in transcatheter closure of PDA in small children. We reviewed clinical outcomes of transcatheter closure of PDA in children weighing less than 10 kg in a single center.

Methods

Between January 2003 and December 2009, 314 patients with PDA underwent transcatheter closure in...

Case Report
Use of an Amplatzer Vascular Plug to occlude a tubular type of patent ductus arteriosus
Eun-Young Choi, So-Ick Jang, Soo-Jin Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(9):1035-1037.   Published online September 15, 2009
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common congenital heart defect. All PDAs, regardless of size or degree of symptoms, require occlusion. Transcatheter PDA occlusion features fewer complications than trans-thoracic closure. It is also more cost-effective and has an excellent occlusion rate. Therefore, transcatheter PDA occlusion is accepted as the standard treatment option for PDA. However, tubular-type PDAs are difficult to...
Original Article
The efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect with Amplatzer septal occluder in young children less than 3 years of age
Soo Hyun Lee, Deok Young Choi, Nam Kyun Kim, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(4):494-498.   Published online April 15, 2009
Purpose : Applicability of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) has been expanded by accumulation of clinical experiences and evolutions of the device. This study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of ASD with Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) in young children less than 3 years of age. Methods : From May 2003 to December...
Case Report
Perforation of azygos vein and right-sided hydrothorax caused by peripherally inserted central catheter in extremely low birth weight infant
Kee Soo Ha, Jung Yeon Shin, Mi Jung Hwang, Young Ok Choi, Dong Han Shin, Gi Young Jang, Byung Min Choi, Kee Hwan Yoo, Young Sook Hong, Chang Sung Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(8):902-905.   Published online August 15, 2006
We report a case in which routine chest roentgenograms of an 840 g infant led to the belief that the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) was appropriately positioned within the superior vena cava when, in actuality, it was within the azygous arch. Although many cases of pleural effusions have been reported to be caused by a central venous catheter, a...
Original Article
Umbilical venous line-related pleural and pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade in a premature neonate : A case report
Eun Jeong Hong, Kyung A Lee, Il-Heon Bae, Mi-Jung Kim, Heon-Seok Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(6):686-690.   Published online June 15, 2006
Cardiac tamponade with pleural and pericardial effusion is a rare but life-threatening complication of umbilical venous catheterization in the newborn. It requires a timely diagnosis and urgent treatment, such as pericardiocentesis, to save lives of affected patients. Recently, we experienced a 7 day-old, very low birth weight infant, who developed a cardiac tamponade with pleural and pericardial effusions complicated by...
Epidemiology of central venous catheter related blood stream infections in pediatric patients
Jung Hyun Kim, Ho Sun Eun, Kyung Min Choi, Dong Soo Kim, Dong Eun Young
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):157-161.   Published online February 15, 2006
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the pathogens of central venous catheter-related blood stream infections and search for the association among the insertion site, the duration and the underlying conditions with the prevalence of central venous catheter-related blood stream infections under 15 years old. Methods : A retrospective study was performed from Jan, 2003 to Dec, 2003...
Clinical Use and Complications of Percutaneous Central Venous Catheterization in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Hyang Kim, Sun Hui Kim, Hyung Suck Byun, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):953-959.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : The administration of total parenteral nutrition(TPN) has become a standard procedure in the management of nutritionally deprived and critically low birth weight neonates. Sepsis remains the most frequent serious complication during TPN, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality and health care costs. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and complications of percutaneous central venous catheterization(PCVC) in...
Postoperative Progress and Influencing Factors in Patients after Rastelli Procedure
Se Heui Kim, Kyeong Sik Kim, Jong Kyun Lee, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Young Whan Park, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):259-264.   Published online March 15, 2003
Purpose : We have performed an analysis on patients who received Rastelli operation in our institute and reviewed their progress postoperatively. Various factors with suspected relationship to the outcome have been considered to help in future treatment and follow-up. Methods : We analyzed retrospectively 43 patients who either received Rastelli operation in Yonsei University Cardiovascular Center from March 1995 to April...
Intraarterial Catheter-directed Urokinase Infusion for Femoral Artery Thrombosis after Cardiac Catheterization in Infants and Children
Hyoung Doo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(11):1397-1402.   Published online November 15, 2002
Purpose : One of the major complication of arterial catheterization is the thrombosis of the iliac or femoral arteries. Tissue loss following femoral artery catheterization is rare. However long- term sequelae such as impaired limb growth and future impairment of vascular access, are also important in pediatric cardiac patients. But standard methods to treat thrombotic complication of arterial catheterization in...
Study of Neonatal Cardiac Catheterization for Over the Last 10 Years
Jinyoung Song, Sungkyu Lee, Jaeyoung Lee, Sujin Kim, Wooseup Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(5):615-621.   Published online May 15, 2002
Purpose : The neonatal cardiac catheterization and angiogram for transcatheter therapy are still essential methods in congenital heart disease, so we reviewed our experience with neonatal cardiac catheterization over 10 years at a single institution. Methods : A retrospective review of all 139 neonatal catheterizations from January 1991 to December 2000 at Sejong Heart Institution was performed. The purpose of the...
The Effectiveness of Propofol on Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization and Electrophysiologic Study
Woo Saeng Park, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(7):773-777.   Published online July 15, 2001
Purpose : Our purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of propofol on pediatric cardiac catheterization or radiofrequency catheter ablation. Methods : We measured the serial changes of arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 4 stages, a baseline(during normal sleep), stage 1(just after loading of propofol 2 mg/kg over 10 minutes), stage 2(10-15 minutes after propofol continuous...
Treatment of Pulmonary Atresia, Ventricular Septal Defect and Diminutive Pulmonary Arteries Comparing First Palliative Management Schemes
Jean Yoon, In Seung Park, Soo Jin Kim, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Cho, Eun Jung Bae, Young Tak Lee, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(6):800-806.   Published online June 15, 1999
Purpose : This report reviews an 8-year treatment of pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect and diminutive pulmonary arteries, comparing first palliative management schemes. Methods : Between January 1989 and March 1997, patients had their pulmonary artery anatomy evaluated before any surgical managements. Twenty-two patients had diminutive pulmonary arteries(Nakata index<90). Clinical records, hemodynamic data, and cineangiograms were examined in these patients. Results...
Recent Trend of Increasing Proportion of Interventional Catheterization in Congenital Heart Disease
Sang Yup Lee, Mi Jung Kang, Eun Jung Bae, In Seung Park, Woo Sup Kim, Se Jung Sohn, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(4):512-518.   Published online April 15, 1997
Purpose : The proportion of interventional catheterization in congenital heart disease is being increased in Korea, especially in Sejong Heart Institute, so we performed statistical analysis on the cardiac catheterization cases. Methods : Total 233 cases of congenital heart disease confirmed by cardiac catheterization at the Sejong Heart Institute between Jaunary 1995 and June 1995 were analyzed retrospectively. Results : 1) The...
Subclavian Catheterization in the Pediatric Patients
Seung Hee Lee, Sung Ho Cho, Keun Mo Kim, Chan Jong Kim, Hoon Kook, Tai Ju Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(3):368-374.   Published online March 15, 1997
Purpose : Central venous catheters are used to deliver antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and parenteral nutrition for a extended period of time as well as to draw samples in immunocompromised patients to minimize the discomfort with sampling and the risk of introducing infections. Hickman/Broviac catheters or implantable devices have been used in pediatric patients. This study is aimed to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of...
Exchange Transfusion Using Percutaneous Femoral Vein Catheterization in Neonates: Comparison with Umbilical Vein Catheterization
Song-Ja Kim, Hyang-Ok Woo, Seung-Hwan Kim, Mi-Ryeong Kim, Sun-Kyeong Sin, Hee-Shang Youn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(2):180-184.   Published online February 15, 1994
Traditionally umbilical vein has been used for exchange transfusion in neonates. This method is relatively safe and effective but with a few complications. So via percutaneous femoral vein catheters we tried exchange transfusion in 30 patients with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia admitted to GNUH from September 1990 to August 1992. Femoral vein catheterization succeeded in 2~3 trials. In all cases high bilirubin level...
A Clinical Study on Cardiovascular Disease of Children Taken Cardiac Catheterization and Cineangiography
Gi Yeon Song, Seog Beom Cho, Pyoung Han Hwang, Chan Uhng Joo, Jung Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(7):949-956.   Published online July 15, 1992
A clinical study was made on 533 patients with cardiovascular disease who were admitted to pediatric department of Chonbuk National University Hospital and performed cardiac catheterization and cineangiography from February 1984 to August 1991. The results were as follows; 1) The ratio of male to female was about 0.81:1; among 533 cases, male 283cases, male 283cases, female 295cases. 2)The age distribution of the...
Erratum
Analysis of 5,653 Cases with Congental Heart Disease (CHD) Catheterized at Yonsei Medical Center - A 28-Year Review -
Dong Shik Chin, Jong Kyun Lee, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(2):143-156.   Published online February 15, 1992
This is a 28-year analysis of 5,653 cases with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiac catheterization at Yonsei Medical Center from 1964 to 1991. Form 1964, there was a steady increment in the number of catheterized cases with CHD until the late 1970's when the patients population began to increase rapidlly. This was undoubtedly set off by the introduction of the...
Original Article
Clinical Study of Umbilical Vessel Catheterization in Newborn Infants.
Dae Shik Kim, Kook In Park, Ran Namgung, Chul Lee, Dong Gwan Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(11):1503-1509.   Published online November 30, 1990
Umbilical vessel catheterization has become a common procedure in critically ill newborn infants. We studied the usefulness and complications of indwelling umbilical vessel catheters in 164 patients who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Hospital from January 1985 to December 1988. The results were as follows: 1) Their birth weights ranged from 650 to 3,800 gm, and...
A Statistical Study of the Children with Congenital Heart Diseases confirmed by Cardiac Catheterization and Cineangiography.
Jeong Kook Lee, Hang Bo Cho, Soo Yup Lee, In Joon Seol, Kyoo Whan Rhee, Chong Moo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(2):153-160.   Published online February 28, 1988
In a total of 537 cases the diagnosis of congenital heart disease and the types of cardiac anomalies were confirmed by cardiac catheterization and cineangiography during the period of 56 months from September 1982 to April 1987 at Hanyang University Hospital and these patients studied were analyzed statistically for the frequency of each individual type of cardiac anomalies. The summary of the findings are...
A Clinical Observation on Isolated Ventricular Septal Defect In Children.
Chang Ho Lee, Kwang Do Lee, Sang Bum Lee, Ja Hoon Koo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1984;27(7):702-710.   Published online July 31, 1984
A clinical study was done an 39 cases of isolated VSD who had been admitted to the Pediatric Department of Kyungpook National University Hospital, and and confirmed by cardiac catheterization during the period from January 1975 to May 1983. The results were as follows; Out of 77 cases of congenital heart disease underwent cardiac catheterization, 39 cases were isolated VSD,...
Clinical Studies on Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection.
Young Jin Hong, Kee Hong Kwon, Hae Il Cheong, Jung Yeun Choi, Yong Soo Yoon, Chang Yee Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1982;25(11):1120-1130.   Published online November 30, 1982
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare congenital defect in which all the pulmonary veins are connected to the right atrium or its tributary veins. Without surgical intervention, most patients with TAP VC have grave prognosis, with cardiac failure and death in infancy. But owing to the advances of surgical technique and postoperative care, complete correction has been accomplished with good results. Sixteen...
Clinical Studies of Tetralogy of Fallot : Factors Affecting Outcome of Operation.
Hong Jin Kim, Jun Hee Sui, Sung Kyu Lee, Dong shick Chin, Sung Nok Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1982;25(3):225-233.   Published online March 31, 1982
Tetralogy of Fallot is one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. It consists of four features anatomically pulmonic stenosis or atresia, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. One hundred and ninety one cases of Tetralogy of Fallot were confirmed by cardiaccatheterization at Severance Hospital. These were observed on general feature, cardiac catheterization findings and outcome...
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