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Original Article
Analysis of prognostic factors of laparotomy for necrotizing enterocolitis in extremely low birth weight infants
Jin Kyu Kim, Yi Sun Kim, Hye Soo Yoo, So Yoon Ahn, Hyun ju Seo, Seo Heui Choi, Soo Kyung Park, Yu Jin Jung, Myo Jing Kim, Ga Won Jeon, Soo Hyun Koo, Kyung-Hoon Lee, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):167-172.   Published online February 15, 2010
Purpose : With improved survival of extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI), there is an increase in the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) requiring laparotomy, and the risk of morbidity and mortality in these ELBWI is increased. Thus, we determined the prognostic factors in ELBWI who underwent laparotomy for NEC. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 35 ELBWI...
Ocular manifestations in Leigh syndrome
Kyo Ryung Kim, Suk Ho Byeon, Young Mock Lee, Hoon Chul Kang, Joon Soo Lee, Heung Dong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):163-166.   Published online February 15, 2010
Purpose : Leigh syndrome is a typical type of mitochondrial disease. This study was conducted to analyze the types of ophthalmologic symptoms and results of funduscopy conducted in the ophthalmologic examination of patients with Leigh syndrome. Methods : Funduscopy was conducted on 24 subjects, who were chosen among those diagnosed as having mitochondrial respiratory chain complex defect and who were clinically...
Clinical disease characteristics according to karyotype in Turner syndrome
Chae Young Yeo, Chan Jong Kim, Young Jong Woo, Dae Yeol Lee, Min Sun Kim, Eun Young Kim, Jong Duck Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):158-162.   Published online February 15, 2010
Purpose : Turner syndrome (TS) is a disorder in which various anomalies can be accompanied, especially cardiovascular, renal, thyroid and auditory problems. The aim of this study is to identify the incidence of these disorders in patients with TS according to karyotype. Methods : We reviewed medical records of 90 patients with TS diagnosed by chromosomal analysis in 4 hospitals...
Clinical characteristics of vitamin D deficiency rickets in infants and preschool children
Kyoung Huh, Mi Kyeong Woo, Jung Rim Yoon, Gyu Hong Shin, Myoung Jae Chey, Mi Jung Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):152-157.   Published online February 15, 2010
Purpose : Vitamin D deficiency rickets is a significant public health problem that results from insufficient exposure to sunlight and inadequate vitamin D supplementation. The purpose of this study is to identify the clinical characteristics of vitamin D deficiency rickets in infants. Methods : Data of 35 infants diagnosed as vitamin D deficiency rickets at Sanggye-Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea, from March...
A study of factors influencing advanced puberty
Yong Jun Park, Chang Min Moon, Hwang Jae Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):146-151.   Published online February 15, 2010
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the timing of puberty and the factors inducing advanced puberty in elemental school students of low grades. Methods : The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grade elemental students from the Goyang province were randomly selected, and their sexual maturation rate was assessed by physical examination. After obtaining an informed consent, a questionnaire...
Review Article
Natural killer T cell and pathophysiology of asthma
Gwang Cheon Jang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):136-145.   Published online February 15, 2010
Natural killer T (NKT) cell is a special type of T lymphocytes that has both receptor of natural killer (NK) cell (NK1.1, CD161c) and T cell (TCR) and express a conserved or invariant T cell receptor called Vα14Jα18 in mice or Va24 in humans. Invariant NKT (iNKT) cell recognizes lipid antigen presented by CD1d molecules. Marine-sponge-derived glycolipid, α- galactosylceremide (α-GalCer),...
Human rhinoviruses and asthma in children
Woo Kyung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):129-135.   Published online February 15, 2010
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) is a nonenveloped, single stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Picornavirudae. Transmission by direct contact such as hand-to-hand, hand-to-nose, and hand-to-eye has been readily demonstrated in experimental settings. HRV are the most frequent causes of common cold infection, however, they are also known to replicate in the lower respiratory tract and associated with more severe respiratory...
Environmental tobacco smoke and childhood asthma
Dae Jin Song
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):121-128.   Published online February 15, 2010
In recent years, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has become an important worldwide public health issue. Children are particularly vulnerable to ETS because they are still developing. ETS exposure causes a wide range of adverse health effects on childhood asthma. There is convincing evidence that ETS exposure is causally associated with an increased prevalence of asthma, increased severity of asthma and...
Case Report
A case of hippocampal sclerosis diagnosed as cortical dysplasia due to preoperative brain MRI finding
Jun Seok Lee, Kyo Ryung Kim, Jeong Tae Kim, Min Jung Choi, Young Mock Lee, Heung Dong Kim, Joon Soo Lee, Dong Seok Kim, Tae Seong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):106-110.   Published online January 15, 2010
Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is one of the most common features of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Generally it can be identified through brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Typical brain MRI findings of HS are hippocampal atrophy with hyperintense signal confined to the lesion. On the other hand cortical dysplasia exhibits blurring of the gray-white...
Thymolipoma in a 13-year-old Korean girl
Su-Jin Park, Ji Young Baek, Junjeong Choi, Kyung Won Kim, Myung Joon Kim, Myung Hyun Sohn, Kyu-Earn Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):103-105.   Published online January 15, 2010
Thymolipoma is a rare benign tumor of anterior mediastinum. Most patients are asymptomatic with incidental finding of the tumor during a diagnostic workup of other medical problems. We present a case of 13-year-old girl with anterior mediastinal thymolipoma, surgically removed after an incidental diagnosis.
Macroglossia secondary to lymphangioma of the deep neck space: Report of two cases
Han-Gil Cho, Soo-Young Kim, Eun-Song Song, Joon-Kyoo Lee, Young-Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):97-102.   Published online January 15, 2010
Lymphangioma is a rare, benign, and hamartomatous tumor of the lymphatic vessels that shows a marked predilection for the head and neck region. When this tumor occurs on the tongue or mouth floor or in the deep neck space, blockage of the efferent lymphatic vessels can result in secondary macroglossia. We report here two patients who showed unusual macroglossia from...
The effect of perioperative inhaled iloprost on congenital heart disease with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension
Su Nam Kim, Deok Young Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):93-96.   Published online January 15, 2010
A 47-year-old male patient in whom atrial septal defect (ASD) had been diagnosed 15 years previously was admitted for cardiac catheterization. He had definite cyanotic lips and nail beds and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). He had received medical treatment only for the last few years after being diagnosed with Eisenmenger syndrome. After cardiac catheterization, he received iloprost inhalation therapy...
Perianastomotic ulceration presenting with long-term iron deficiency anemia and growth failure: A case report and review of the literature
Kyung Ji Kang, Eun Ha Kim, Eun Young Jung, Woo-Hyun Park, Yu-Na Kang, Ae Suk Kim, Jin-Bok Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):89-92.   Published online January 15, 2010
Perianastomotic ulceration (PAU) rarely occurs after small bowel resection in infancy. Since the understanding of its pathogenesis is incomplete, an effective method of treatment has not yet been discovered. We report the first case in Korea of a 10-year-old girl with chronic iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and growth failure who was diagnosed with PAU at colonoscopy. Seven years were required...
A case of Plasmodium vivax malaria occurring during a school excursion to Pocheon-gun
Byung Ok Kwak, Sochung Chung, Kyo Sun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):85-88.   Published online January 15, 2010
Malaria caused by Plasmodium species is characterized by paroxysms of fever, chills, fatigue, anemia, and splenomegaly. Vivax malaria has lately re-emerged as an infectious disease and has exhibited high transmission rate in northern Gyeonggi-do province. We encountered a case of malaria in a child presenting with fever and thrombocytopenia who had recently made a school excursion to Pocheon-gun, Gyeonggi-do. The...
Original Article
Long-term outcomes of infantile spasms
Seak Hee Oh, Eun-Hye Lee, Min-Hee Joung, Mi-Sun Yum, Tae-Sung Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):80-84.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : The aims of this study were to investigate the long-term outcomes in children with infantile spasms (IS) and to identify the prognostic factors influencing their neurodevelopment. Methods : We retrospectively evaluated seventy two children over five years old who were treated for IS at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, between 1994 and 2007. Forty-three children were contacted by telephone...
Left ventricular dysfunction measured by tissue Doppler imaging and strain rate imaging in hypertensive adolescents
Hye Mi Ahn, Sun Ok Jung, Jung Hyun Kwon, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):72-79.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and impaired diastolic function may occur early in systemic hypertension. Diastolic dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI)-derived tissue velocity and strain rate are new parameters for assessing diastolic dysfunction. The aim of this study is to determine whether TDI and strain rate imaging (SRI) would improve the ability to...
Mumps outbreak in Incheon, Korea, 2009
Seon Young Cho, Soo Young Lee, Jin Han Kang,, Hui Seung Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):67-71.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : Recently, we have noticed an increase in the number of patients with mumps in Incheon, Korea. The aim of this study is to estimate the regional trend in mumps incidence and to evaluate the factors related to the recent increase. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 66 patients with mumps who had been admitted to Incheon St....
Oseltamivir efficacy, side effects, and safety in children with influenza
Eun Sun Seo, Geun Hwa Park, Sung Won Kim, Sung Won Kim, Woo Sik Jung, Kyung Soon Cho, Yeon Gyeong Park, Chang Kyu Lee, Chun Kang, Joo Yeon Lee, Woo Young Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):56-66.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : Although oseltamivir is widely used for treatment of influenza, few clinical studies of its efficacy and resistance have been performed in Korea. We evaluated the safety, side effects, and efficacy of oseltamivir treatment in Korean pediatric patients. Methods : We analyzed 321 children diagnosed with influenza at Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Korea, between January 2008 and June...
Regional outbreak of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in healthy children
Hyun Jeong Do, Eun Sil Park, Jae Young Lim, Chan Hoo Park, Hyang Ok Woo, Hee Shang Youn, Ji Hyun Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):48-55.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a relatively uncommon superficial blistering skin disease that is due to Staphylococcus aureus. We had experienced a regional outbreak of SSSS over 3 years in healthy children. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of those patients diagnosed as SSSS. Most of neonatal cases were nosocomial infections and excluded from the...
Serum interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and adiponectin levels in Kawasaki disease
Jung Ahn, Han Gyu Kim, Sejung Sohn, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):41-47.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : Adiponectin is an endogenous modulator of vascular remodeling that suppresses vascular inflammation. However, the role of adiponectin in Kawasaki disease (KD) has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between serum adiponectin level and several parameters, such as interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, lipid profile, and C reactive protein (CRP), and...
Influence of histologic chorioamnionitis and funisitis on the level of peripheral blood C-reactive protein at birth in preterm infants
Do-Hyun Kim, Heun Ji Lee, Hee Sup Kim, Byoung Hoon Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):33-40.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : The objective of this study is to determine the change of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the peripheral blood of preterm infants at birth according to the stage of intrauterine inflammation. Methods : A total of 187 infants (<32 weeks of gestation) were divided into a “no histologic chorioamnionitis” [HCAM (-), n=85] group and a “histologic chorioamnionitis” [HCAM...
Analysis on the cause of eosinophilia in a neonatal intensive care unit
Jeoung Young Kim, Hyo Bin Im, Min Jung Sung, Sang Hee Son, Son Sang Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):28-32.   Published online January 15, 2010
Purpose : Although eosinophilia is a common laboratory finding in many neonatal intensive care units (ICUs), its causative mechanisms remain obscure. We aimed to determine the causes of eosinophilia in the neonatal ICU environment. Methods : Serial eosinophil counts were determined weekly for 288 hospitalized, appropriately grown neonates. Infants were divided into four groups according to gestational age, and the...
Comparative study on effects of volume-controlled ventilation and pressure-limited ventilation for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Jae Jin Kim, Mun Jung Hwang, Sang Geel Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):21-27.   Published online January 15, 2010

Purpose:In contrast with traditional time-cycled, pressure-limited ventilation, during volume-controlled ventilation, a nearly constant tidal volume is delivered with reducing volutrauma and the episodes of hypoxemia. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of pressure-regulated, volume controlled ventilation (PRVC) to Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) in VLBW infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods : 34 very low birth...
Review Article
Congenital and perinatal cytomegalovirus infection
Chun Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):14-20.   Published online January 15, 2010
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is currently the most common agent of congenital infection and the leading infectious cause of brain damage and hearing loss in children. Symptomatic congenital CMV infections usually result from maternal primary infection during early pregnancy. One half of symptomatic infants have cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID), which is characterized by involvement of multiple organs, in particular, the reticuloendothelial and...
Enteral nutrition of the premature infant
Su Jin Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):7-13.   Published online January 15, 2010
Early nutritional support for preterm infants is critical because such support influences long-term outcome. Minimal enteral feeding should be initiated as soon as possible if an infant is stable and if feeding advancement is recommended as relevant to the clinical course. Maternal milk is the gold standard for enteral feeding, but fortification may be needed to achieve optimal growth in...
Neonatal respiratory distress: recent progress in understanding pathogenesis and treatment outcomes
So Young Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(1):1-6.   Published online January 15, 2010
Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) are the three most common disorders that cause respiratory distress after birth. An understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders and the development of effective therapeutic strategies is required to control these conditions. Here, we review recent papers on the pathogenesis and treatment of neonatal...
Case Report
A case of pulmonary vascular air embolism in a very-low-birth-weight infant with massive hydrops
Myo Jing Kim, Hee Joon Yu, Cha Gon Lee, Soo Kyoung Park, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(12):1392-1395.   Published online December 15, 2009
Pulmonary vascular air embolism is a rare and, universally, almost a fatal complication of positive pressure ventilation in newborn infants. Here, we report a case of this unusual complication in a very-low-birth-weight infant who showed the clinical and radiological features of this complication along with pulmonary hypoplasia and massive hydrops. The possible pathogenesis has been discussed and a brief review...
The first Korean case of poland-Möbius syndrome associated with dextrocardia
Jiyoung Jung, Han Gyu Kim, Hae-Mi Ahn, Su Jin Cho, Eun Ae Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(12):1388-1391.   Published online December 15, 2009
Poland syndrome is characterized by unilateral absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis muscle and variable degree of ipsilateral hand anomalies. Möbius syndrome is a congenital neurological disorder characterized by complete or partial facial paralysis. Although the pathogeneses of these diseases are not well-characterized, diminished blood flow to the affected side is thought to play a role. A male infant weighing...
A case of glycogen storage disease type Ib
Moon-Sun Kim, Jae-Bok Park, Chang-Seok Ki, Jin-Kyung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(12):1383-1387.   Published online December 15, 2009
We report a case of an 18-month-old girl with glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD Ib). Her neutrophil counts had gradually decreased to less than 500/µL by the age of 3 years. However, there were no recurrent bacterial infections. Mutation analysis of the glucose-6-phosphate translocase (G6PT) gene revealed a compound heterozygous missense mutation (Ala148Val/Gly273Asp).
Original Article
Analysis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) test results in girls with precocious puberty
Jung Yun Choi, Hyun-Ju Kang, Won Kyoung Cho, Kyoung Soon Kim, So Hyun Park, Seung Hoon Hahn, Min Ho Jung, Byung Kyu Suh, Byung Churl Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(12):1377-1382.   Published online December 15, 2009
Purpose : The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) test results of girls with precocious puberty were analyzed to determine whether this test can efficiently and clearly differentiate between central precocious puberty (CPP) and other disorders. Methods : Clinical and laboratory data of 54 girls with precocious pubertal signs were reviewed. Intravenous GnRH test was performed with blood samples obtained at 0, 30,...
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