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Volume 48(2); Feb 2005
Clinical Lecture
Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Anemia in Children
Young Tak Lim
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):121-125.   Published online February 15, 2005
Anemia can be defined as a reduction in blood hemoglobin concentration or red cell mass relative to age matched normal values. Clinical presentation may range from obviously pale and lethargy to an incidental finding during screening of an otherwise well appearing child. The differential diagnosis of anemia in each instance is broad with numerous possible etiologies. A careful history and...
Medical Lecture Course
Recent Advances in Regulating Energy Homeostasis and Obesity
Mi Jung Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):126-137.   Published online February 15, 2005
New insights in the complex metabolic pathways and its control mechanism for energy homeostasis have refined our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity. It is now recognized that there are several additional regulatory mechanism such as peripheral signals including leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY and cellular signals including uncoupling proteins and β Adrenergic receptors, which contribute to the regulation of...
Original Articles
Prevalence of Orthostatic Dysregulation in Elementary School Students and Frequency of Individual Symptoms
Eun Seok Yang, Eun-Young Kim, Kyoung-Rye Moon, Sang Kee Park, Young Bong Park, Young Il Rho
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):138-142.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : The purpose of the present study was to access the prevalence of orthostatic dysregulation(OD) and the frequency of each category for major and minor criteria among elementary school students using the OD questionnaire. Methods : We carried out inquiry by questionnaire as to the frequency of OD among two elementary schools with 725 students, 10 to 12 years of...
Perinatal Factors Affecting Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH) and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Cord Blood
Eun Young Kim, Sang Kee Park, Chang Hun Song, Sung-Chul Lim
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):143-147.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effect of various perinatal conditions on TSH and thyroid hormone levels in cord blood. Methods : Cord blood samples were collected from 130 neonates immediately after birth. TSH, T3, and free T4 levels were measured by the radioimmunoassay(RIA) method. The effects of gestational age, sex, birth weight, delivery method,...
Serum Albumin Concentrations and Clinical Disorders by Gestational Ages in Preterm Babies
Mia Lee, Soo Youn, Baek Keun Lim, Jong Soo Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):148-153.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine the reference ranges of serum albumin levels depending on the gestational ages of preterm infants. We also intended to compare the mean serum albumin levels between groups of preterm infants that did not develop clinical disorders later, and groups that did develop clinical disorders such as respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular...
Clinico-epidemiologic Study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia(1993 through 2003)
Seung-Hyun Lee, Suk-Man Noh, Kyung-Yil Lee, Hyung-Shin Lee, Ja-Hyun Hong, Mi-Hee Lee, Joon-Sung Lee, Byung-Chul Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):154-157.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : We evaluated the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods : A total of 559 medical records of children with mycoplasma pneumonia admitted to The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. Results : The mean annual number of cases was 51. There was a higher occurrence in autumn (September-November, 41.7%) and in winter(26.7%). Outbreaks...
Impact of Device Evolution in Transcatheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Using Duct-Occlud Coils : Comparison of Mid-term Results
Myung Kwan Kim, Dong Ki Han, Jae Young Choi, Yuria Kim, Byung Won Yoo, Deok Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kue Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):158-164.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : We reviewed the therapeutic results of various Duct-Occlud coils(pfm AG, K ln, Germany) to evaluate the efficacy of the most-recently modified Duct-Occlud coil(Nit-Occlud) in the transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA), including large defects more than 4 mm in diameter. Methods : Two hundred and five patients who underwent percutaneous PDA occlusion using Duct- Occlud devices from March...
Follow-Up Method in Patients with Kawasaki Disease who had No Coronary Artery Abnormalities in the Convalescent Period
Hee Jung Joo, Min Seob Song, Chul Ho Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):165-173.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : We performed the study to evaluate the value of the follow-up echocardiogram performed 6 months to 1 year after the onset of Kawasaki disease(KD), as recommended by American Heart Association(AHA) guidelines, when echocardiograms in the convalescent period were normal. Methods : Patients were selected from 147 cases diagnosed with KD at Pusan Paik hospital from January 2000 to October...
Clinico-epidemiologic Study of Henoch-Sch nlein Purpura in Children, 1987 through 2003
Sun-Mee Choi, Kyung-Yil Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):174-177.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : We evaluated children with Henoch-Sch nlein purpura(HSP) in terms of epidemiology and clinical characteristics. Methods : A total of 424 medical records of children with HSP admitted to The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, from 1987 to 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. Results : The mean annual number of cases was 25.1?.9 and no one year showed an...
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Keon Hee Yoo, Dong Kil You, Soo Hyun Lee, Ki Woong Sung, Eun Joo Cho, Hong Hoe Koo
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):178-185.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia(JMML) treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo- HSCT). Methods : Eleven JMML patients aged 8-39 months underwent allo-HSCT. The sources of grafts were unrelated donors(n=7), HLA-matched siblings(n=3) and an HLA 1-antigen mismatched familial donor. All patients had received chemotherapy ?13-cis-retinoic acid(CRA) before...
Responses and Toxicities of Risk-adapted Chemotherapy in Pediatric Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors
Dong Kil You, Soo Hyun Lee, Keon Hee Yoo, Ki Woong Sung, Do Hoon Lim, Hyung Jin Shin, Hong Hoe Koo
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):186-190.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the responses and toxicities of risk-adapted chemotherapy in pediatric intracranial germ cell tumors(IC-GCT). Methods : Fourteen patients who were diagnosed as IC-GCT from October 2002 to December 2003 received chemotherapy as an initial treatment modality. The low risk(LR) group was defined as follows : Pure germinoma and normal AFP level....
Factors Affecting Final Adult Height in Patients with Turner Syndrome
Jae Hyun Kim, Sung Soo Lee, Su Young Hong, Hye Rim Chung, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):191-196.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : Short stature is one of the characteristic features of Turner syndrome. We investigated the factors affecting final adult height(FAH) in patients with Turner syndrome. Methods : The study group was comprised of 60 patients who were diagnosed with Turner syndrome by chromosomal study and clinical phenotypes and attained FAH. Data were obtained from retrospective review of the medical records....
Gene Expression of Metalloproteinases, Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases and Cytokines in Adriamycin-induced Cardiomyopathy
Young Mi Hong
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):197-203.   Published online February 15, 2005
ity has been reported to occur in both clinical and experimental forms of dilated cardiomyopathy. There was no report about MMP in adriamycin(ADR)-induced cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate gene expression of MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases(TIMP) in ADR-induced cardiomyopathy and clarify the relationship between MMP and cytokines. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two...
Case Reports
Two Cases of Renal Stone Associated with Ketogenic Diet
Ju-Young Chung, Ja-Wook Koo, Hoon-Churl Kang, Sang-Woo Kim, Heung-Dong Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):204-207.   Published online February 15, 2005
Ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet used in the treatment of epilepsy since 1920's. Recently, it's use for intractable epilepsy in childhood has increased. Complications of ketogenic diet are known to include dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, renal stones, metabolic derangement, hypercholesterolemia and refusal to eat. We experienced two cases of renal stones in children with intractable epilepsy during ketogenic...
A Case of Basaloid Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in an 11-year-old Boy
Nyeon Cheon Kim, Seung Soo Kim, Won Suk Seo, Kyeong Bae Park, Joon Soo Park, Sang Mann Shin, Hyun Deuk Cho
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):208-211.   Published online February 15, 2005
Primary lung cancer is unusual in children; the squamous cell variant is extremely rare. Lung cancer is classified by histologic types into small-cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung caner, carcinoid, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Furthermore, non-small cell lung cancer is subclassified into adenocarcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. The incidence of lung cancer is influenced by smoking,...
A Case of Renovascular Hypertension Controlled by Renal Artery Embolization
Jung Hun Yew, Young Deuk Kim, Byung Seok Shin, Hong Ryang Gil
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):212-215.   Published online February 15, 2005
Renal artery stenosis is a major cause of renovascular hypertension and the most common cause of treatable secondary hypertension. There are several methods to treat renal artery stenosis, including surgery, percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty(PTRA), and renal artery stenting(RAS). But, renal artery embolization can be tried in atherosclerotic stenosis, multiple stenosis, microaneurysm, and stenosis difficult to try PTRA or RAS. We...
Two Case of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula Treatment Depending on the Presence of Pulmonary Hypertension
Yun Jeong Huh, Jeong Tae Kim, Jae Young Choi
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):216-220.   Published online February 15, 2005
Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas(PAVFs) is a rare disorder that occurs in two to three children per 100,000 population. It is presented as absence of intervening capillary beds between the pulmonary artery and vein with resultant persistent right to left shunt. Other causes include trauma, liver cirrhosis, malignancy and schistosomiasis. It is mostly asymptomatic, but it may present with respiratory difficulty, cyanosis,...
A Case of Pulmonary Sequestration with Pleural Effusion
Hye Jin Ku, Ji Ae Park, Su Eun Park, Young Dae Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):221-223.   Published online February 15, 2005
Congenital pleural effusions are uncommon. The majority of cases are due to chylothorax, hydrops fetalis, and infection. Effusions of this nature are, for the most part, self-limited. We experienced a rare case of a congenital unilateral pleural effusion due to an extralobar sequestraion with pulmonary lymphangiectasia. Pleural effusion was found by antenatal ultrasonography and confirmed by CT scans and CT...
A Case of Protein Losing Enteropathy Associated with Henoch-Sch nlein Purpura
Kee Dae Kim, Chang Whan Oh, Eun Young Lee, Jae Young Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):224-227.   Published online February 15, 2005
Henoch-Sch nlein purpura(HSP) is an IgA mediated immune complex vasculitic disease characterized by non-thrombocytic purpura, arthritis, gastrointestinal manifestations, and glomerulonephritis. HSP related glomerulonephritis induces hypoproteinemia and edema in some cases. Protein-losing enteropathy is another rare but known manifestation of HSP leading to hypoproteinemia and edema. We report a 6-year-old girl with HSP who showed edema caused by intestinal protein loss,...
A Case of Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Arising from the Supratentorial Area
Kyeong Hun Jung, Young Se Kwon, Yong Hun Jun, Soon Ki Kim, Young Jin Hong, Byong Kwan Son, Eun Young Kim, In Suh Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2005;48(2):228-231.   Published online February 15, 2005
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor may arise at any central nervous system location, but it is most commonly located in the cerebellum(60 percent). The incidence of this tumor remains unclear but it occurs most commonly in children less than 2 years of age. This highly malignant tumor shows a rapid progression and nonspecific radiologic findings. We report a case of primary intracranial...