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Volume 49(4); Apr 2006
Review Articles
Neurobiological basis for learning disorders with a special emphasis on reading disorders
Hee Jung Chung
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):341-353.   Published online April 15, 2006
Learning disorders are diagnosed when the individual's achievement on standardized tests in reading, mathematics, or written expression is substantially below that expected for age, schooling, and level of intelligence. Subtypes of learning disorders may be classified into two groups, language-based type learning disorders including reading and writing disorder, and nonverbal type learning disorder (NLD) such as those relating to mathematics...
Headaches in children and adolescents : diagnosis and treatment
So Hee Eun, Baik-Lin Eun
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):354-363.   Published online April 15, 2006
Headaches are common in children and become more common and increase in frequency during adolescence. There are various causes of headaches. The majority of cases are considered as primary and include migraine and tension headaches. The rational evaluation of headache begins with careful history. Migraine is genetically determined recurrent pain syndrome accompanied by neurological and gastrointestinal features, involving interaction of...
Nonepileptic paroxysmal disorders in childhood
Eun Sook Suh
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):364-367.   Published online April 15, 2006
Epilepsy is the most common paroxysmal disorders seen in the childhood. But other nonepileptic paroxysmal events are confused with epileptic seizures or have unusual clinical features. Nonepileptic paroxysmal disorders tend to recur episodically. So differential diagnosis between epileptic and nonepileptic disorders in fundamental not only to allow correct management of patients and but also avoid of unnecessary antiepileptic medications. To...
Original Articles
Change of early atherosclerotic markers in obese children
Eui Jung Roh, Jung Min Yoon, Jae Woo Lim, Eun Jung Cheon, Kyoung Og Ko
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):368-374.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : The prevalence of obesity in children is increasing rapidly. Epidemiologic studies suggest that obesity induced atherosclerosis may start in childhood. We investigated whether obese children show early abnormalities of the arterial wall and endothelial dysfunction. Methods : Thirty-eight obese children(14-16 years old of age, male, body mass index 29.40¡¾3.18 kg/m2) and forty-five age and sex-matched healthy control children(body...
A study on the effects of sleep position and of body weight on motor development
Kyong Yun Park, Ji Ung Kang, Young Taek Jang
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):375-380.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : This study investigated how gross motor and fine motor development are influenced by sleep position. Methods : From December, 2003 to September, 2005, for a year and 9 months, 800 children aged from 3 months to 16 months, who visited the Presbyterian Medical Center, Chonju, Korea were surveyed for motor development scale, sleep position and body weight. Results : The...
Outcome of pregnant mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus(focusing on congenital heart block)
Hey Sung Baek, Jae Hyung Choi, Nam Su Kim, Chang Ryul Kim, Su Ji Moon
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):381-387.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : Neonatal lupus is characterized by congenital complete heart block(CCHB), cutaneous rash, and laboratory abnormalities in infants born to mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). This study aims to examine the incidence of CCHB and clinical outcome in neonates born to mothers with SLE. Methods : The study group consisted of 49 neonates, born from 57 pregnancies of 55 women with...
Pain reduction at venipuncture in newborn infants : oral glucose solution, EMLA cream and pacifiers
Sang Kee Park, Eun Young Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):388-393.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : We compared the pain reducing effect of orally administered glucose solution with EMLA cream and pacifiers during venipuncture in newborn infants. Methods : Fifty newborn infants(30 prematures) were enrolled in this study. We performed these four pain-reducing methods to all infants in serial order. Group A(control) did not receive any treatment; to group B, EMLA cream was applied on...
Lower respiratory tract infection of positive antigen test for respiratory syncytial virus on children under 2 years of age
Jea Heon Jeong, Kyoung Hee Moon, Chang Woo Lee, Du Young Choi, Yeun Geun Oh, Hyang Suk Yoon, Ji Hyun Cho, Jong Duck Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):394-400.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : This study was design and performed for evaluations of resent clinical pattern of bronchiolitis caused by RSV infection with children under 2 year of age for 5 years, who were admitted to pediatric ward. Methods : The inclusion criteria of the patients were children under 24 month-of-age, clinical manifestations of lower respiratory tract infection, and RSV antigen that...
Human metapneumovirus infection in Korean children
Hee-Hyun Yeom, Joon-Soo Park, Dong-Jun Jeong, Chang-Jin Kim, Yong-Bae Kim, Dea-Hoon Lee, Kyung-Joong Kim, Jong-Yoon Chun, Chun Kang, Yoon-Seok Chung, Hyang-Min Cheong
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):401-409.   Published online April 15, 2006
목 적 : 호흡기 감염증의 주된 원인 중 하나인 hMPV가 2001년 van den Hoogen 등에 의해 네덜란드에서 처음으로 발견된 후 여러 나라에서 보고되었지만, 국내에서 hMPV의 검출에 대한 보고는 대단히 드물다. 따라서 저자들은 우리나라에서 hMPV의 역학을 연구하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2004년 10월부터 2005년 5월까지 순천향대학교 천안병원 소아과에 급성 하기도염으로 입원한 218명의 비인두 흡인액을 추출한 뒤 RT-PCR을 시행하고, hMPV가 검출된 환아들의 비인두...
Ultrastructure of nasal cilia in children with recurrent or persistent respiratory diseases
Su-A Shin, Seung Yang, Jae-Won Oh, Ha-Baik Lee, Cheol-Eon Park, Jung-Kyun Kwan
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):410-416.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : Ciliary abnormalities of the respiratory system usually accompany recurrent or persistent respiratory diseases such as paranasal sinusitis, bronchiectasis, rhinitis, and/or otitis media, since they cause certain derangements in ciliary cleaning activities. This disease is usually inherited by autosomal recessive trait, but may also be found to be acquired or transient in rare cases after heavy exposure to pollutants,...
Evaluation of cardiac function by tissue Doppler imaging in children with cancer
Yeo Hyang Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):417-423.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : The objectives of this study were to assess ventricular function by tissue Doppler imaging in children who were receiving chemotherapy or who had received chemotherapy, and to apply repeated tissue Doppler imaging to make an early assessment in cardiac toxicity studies. Methods : This study was conducted on 23 oncology patients on-treatment or off-treatment from April 2005 to July...
Clinical observations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Joo Hoon Lee, Jeong Min Ryu, Young Seo Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):424-430.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(JRA) is one of the most common rheumatic diseases of childhood and is an important cause of short- and long-term disability. The purpose of this study was to determine the disease course and outcome in childhood patients with JRA. Methods : Fifty nine patients with JRA who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Pediatrics, Asan...
The anti-tumor mechanisms of p53 through the regulation of expression and glycosylation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3
Sun Young Kim, Se Rim Kim, Jung Chang Lee, Ho Keun Yi, Dae Yeol Lee, Pyoung Han Hwang
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):431-438.   Published online April 15, 2006
목 적 : 새로운 암억제 유전자로 알려진 IGFBP-3의 주요 기능은 IGF-I과 IGF-II와 결합을 하여 IGF의 기능을 조절하는 IGF dependent mechanism과 IGFBP-3 자체가 IGF와 결합과는 무관하게 세포의 apoptosis를 유도하는 IGF independent mechanism이 보고되었다. 암억제 유전자 p53의 대표적인 항암기전의 하나는 직접 IGFBP-3의 발현을 증가시키며, 발현된 IGFBP-3는 암세포의 apoptosis를 유도시킨다. IGFBP-3의 항암작용은 보고되었지만, IGFBP-3의 변역 후 변형에 의한 항암기전은 전혀 밝혀져 있지 않다....
The study on cytotoxicity of cytokines produced by the activated human NKT cells on neuroblastoma
Jin Young Cho, Young Wook Yoon, Hyang Suk Yoon, Jong Duk Kim, Du Young Choi
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):439-445.   Published online April 15, 2006
Purpose : α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer)-stimulated human Vα24 natural killer T (NKT) cells exert antitumor activity against some leukemia in a CD1d dependent and TCR-mediated manner, but could not kill CD1d - negative neuroblastoma (NB) cells. There are few reports about the direct antitumor effect of highly secreted cytokines by these cells on activation. In this study, using a cell-free supernatant (SPN)...
Case Reports
Congenital central I42hypoventilation syndrome combined with Hirschsprung disease diagnosed in the neonatal period
Jin Hyun Choi, Jin Hee Oh, Jong-Hyun Kim, Dae Kyun Koh, Seung-Chul Hong
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):446-450.   Published online April 15, 2006
Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) or Ondine's curse is a very rare sleep disorder that is the result of a congenital failure of the autonomic control of ventilation caused by insensitivity of the chemoreceptor to hypercapnea during sleep. Gastrointestinal motility disorders, particularly a congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung disease) is often combined with CCHS. This combination can be explained by a defect...
A case of scalp abscess caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans after vacuum delivery
Eun-Young Park, Moon-Kyung Kwon, Seon-Jeong Min, Hyung-Sik Hwang
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):451-454.   Published online April 15, 2006
Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus that may cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromized patients and newborns. Neonatal scalp abscess is generally a complication of fetal scalp monitoring and is typically polymicrobial. We present a case of a newborn, delivered by vacuum extraction, who developed a scalp abscess that yielded growth of Achromobacter xylosoxidans.
A case of acute respiratory distress syndrome treated with surfactant and low dose methylprednisolone
Bo Yeon Choi, Kyong Mo Kim, Jong Seo Yoon, Joon Sung Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2006;49(4):455-459.   Published online April 15, 2006
The major pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory process that results from a diversity of injuries to the body. Due to the various cytokines and vasoactive peptides released from the endothelium, the vascular permeability is increased; the migration of inflammatory cells and the leakage of plasma proteins then occur and edema develops in the alveolus. There...