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Volume 47(9); Sep 2004
Medical Lecture Course
Regulatory T Cells and Allogeneic Transplantation
Dae Chul Jeong
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):919-925.   Published online September 15, 2004
Allogeneic organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) is the treatment of choice for end-stage organ diseases or various hematologic disorders. The induction of alloantigen specific T cell tolerance and its maintenance are critical for preventing immune responses, including graft rejection or graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) in allogeneic transplantation. CD4＋ T cells are classified as immune functions : Th1 CD4＋ cells for cellular...
Clinical Lecture
Acquired Thyroid Disorders in Childhood
Ho-Seong Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):926-932.   Published online September 15, 2004
Thyroid hormones influence growth and development, oxygen consumption, heat production, nerve function, and metabolism, thus play a critical role as a regulator of nervous system myelination, of growth and of puberty. Disorders affecting thyroid function may cause irreversible and permanent nervous system damage and developmental delay, especially in early infancy. Appropriate medical care of children with thyroid disorders requires refined...
Original Articles
Utilization Patterns of Medical Care of Elementary School Children after the Implementation of Medical Reform : Comparison with a Previous Study in 1998
Eun Seok Yang, Mi Jin Kim, Eun Young Kim, Young Il Rho, Sang Kee Park, Yeong Bong Park, Kyung Rye Moon
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):933-939.   Published online September 15, 2004
Objective : The purpose of this study was to assess the patterns of medical care utilization and factors which determine medical care utilization of elementary school children after the implementation of medical reform. Methods : We performed the questionnaires on 1,031 children from two elementary schools in Gwangju city from June 1 to 30 June, 2001. These data were compared with...
Surfactant Therapy for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome : Experience in Korea Over 15 Years
Chong-Woo Bae, Young-Min Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):940-948.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : Surfactant replacement therapy in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) has been used in Korea since 1990. We undertook a collective study of trials from multi-hospitals to evaluate results of neonates with RDS who were treated with surfactant during the past 15 years in Korea(Period I, P-I, 1990-91; Period II, P-II, 1996; Period-III, P-III; 2002). Methods : There were 60...
A Comparison of Clinical Manifestations in Neonates and Infants Infected by Respiratory Syncytial Virus
In Suk Lim, Min Joo Shim, Byung Eui Kim, Ju Young Chung, Chang Keun Kim, Myoung Jae Chey, Sang Woo Kim, Soung Hee Kim, Tae Hee Han
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):949-952.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate of clinical manifestations of neonatal respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) infection, and to evaluate of differences of clinical manifestations between the neonates and infants who were infected by RSV. Methods : We reviewed the medical record of 75 children who were younger than 12 months of age and infected by RSV. We classified then into...
The Efficacy of Nebulized Epinephrine Versus Fenoterol in Hospitalized Infants with Acute Bronchiolitis
Sang Hee Lee, Kyung Ah Nam, Ji Youn Choi, Meen Jung Kim, Son Sang Seo
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):953-958.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : Acute bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory tract disease, resulting from inflammatory obstruction of the small airway. The main treatment of acute bronchiolitis is supportive but, numerous investigators have examined the efficacy of beta agonist as bronchodilators. In acute bronchiolitis, mucosal edema in the bronchioles may be an important cause of airway obstruction therefore, an alpha and beta agonist...
Assessment of Cardiac Function in Neonates by Using Tissue Doppler Imaging
Hee Chul Yoon, Jae Hoon Choe, Sun Young Kim, In Kyu Lee, Myung Ho Oh
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):959-964.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : Tissue Doppler imaging(TDI) is recently being used for assessement of regional ventricular function in adults. However, data in neonates have not been established yet. The aim of this study is to establish reference values of TDI velocities and to investigate the effect of other factors on TDI velocites in the neonatal population. Methods : Forty eight healthy neonates with...
Effects of the Chronic Use of Anticonvulsants on Bone Mineral Density in Children with Epilepsy
Hyun Hee Oh, You Cheol Jang, Byung Ho Choe, Il Hyung Park, Soon Hak Kwon
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):965-969.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : Chronic administration of anticonvulsants for children with epilepsy may cause multiple abnormalities in bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of anticonvulsants on bone mineral density(BMD) in children with epilepsy. Methods : Seventy patients with epilepsy were enrolled in this study. All subjects had taken anticonvulsants for at least 1 year or more....
Factors Affecting the Increments of Body Mass Index in Adult Survivors of Childhood Brain Tumors
Jae Ho Yoo, Sung Yeon Ahn, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):970-977.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the increments of body mass index(BMI) in adult survivors from childhood brain tumors. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 63 patients who were diagnosed with brain tumors and treated at Seoul National University Children's Hospital between 1982 and 2000. We evaluated the factors affecting adult BMI(aBMI)...
Neurologic Complications after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children
Moon Young Jeong, Young Kuk Cho, So Youn Kim, Young Ok Kim, Chan Jong Kim, Hoon Kook, Young Jong Woo, Tai Ju Hwang
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):978-985.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : Neurologic complications(NC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) are important because of high mortality and severe sequelae. We analyzed the incidence, manifestation and risk factors of NC in 61 children undergoing HSCT. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed NC in 61 cases(42 male and 19 female, aged one to 16 years) given HSCT between 1996 and 2003 due to hematologic malignacies,...
Elevated Circulating ICAM-1 and Eosinophil Cationic Protein in Children with Chronic Urticaria
You Sun Choi, Su A Shin, Young Dai Kim, Jae Won Oh, Ha Baik Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):986-991.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : Chronic urticaria is characterized by recurrent, itchy, and evanescent wheals over a period of six weeks. The mechanisms of chronic urticaria in children have not been fully elucidated. However, urticaria lesions represent a dynamic inflammatory process involving a complex interplay of various inflammatory mediators, chemokines, adhesion molecules and cellular interaction. The aim of this investigation was to elucidate...
Febrile Seizure-induced Neuroexcitability in Immature Rat Hipocampus
Bong Keun Choi, Kyu Geun Hwang, Hae Rahn Bae
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):992-1001.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : To determine whether febrile seizure enhances neuroexcitability by altering synaptic transmission and whether febrile seizure-induced hyperexcitability leads to long-lasting neuronal death. Methods : We investigated the expression of synaptic and postsynaptic proteins and the apoptosis of neuronal cells in rat pup hippocampus after hyperthermic seizure using immunoblotting and confocal microscopy. Results : Hyperthermic seizure enhanced the long-term expressions of...
Synergistic Cytotoxicity of Arsenic Trioxide and Sulindac Against Neuroblastoma
Du Young Choi
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):1002-1007.   Published online September 15, 2004
Purpose : Recent clinical studies have shown that arsenic trioxide(As2O3) at low concentrations induces complete remission without significant toxicity in patients with refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL). Like APL cells, neuroblastoma(NB) cells are thought to be arrested at an early stage of differentiation, and can respond with retinoic acid treatment. Sulindac, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, was reported to induce antitumor activity...
Case Reports
Isolated Intracranial Granulocytic Sarcoma as a Relapse Following Unrelated Bone Marrow Transplantation for Myelodysplastic Syndrome in a 1 Year-Old Infant
Kyung Ran Son, Hoon Kook, So Youn Kim, Hee Jo Back, Seok Joo Kim, Ha Young Noh, Mi Jeong Kim, Ic Sun Choi, Shin Jeong, Jong Hee Nam, Tai Ju Hwang
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):1008-1012.   Published online September 15, 2004
Isolated relapse of myeloid leukemia as a granulocytic sarcoma(GS) following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation(BMT) is very rare manifestation, and usually associated with a poor prognosis. We report a case of isolated intracranial GS in an infant with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS) following unrelated BMT. A 7 month-old girl was diagnosed with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB). During observation for a couple...
A Case of Epidural Emphysema Caused by Vigorous Coughing
Hye Rin Mok, Jin Hee Oh, Dae Kyun Koh
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):1013-1015.   Published online September 15, 2004
A 13-year-old boy was admitted via emergency room with dyspnea after vigorous coughing. Subcutaneous emphysema was palpated on both eyelids and around the neck. Breathing sound was slightly wheezy. On initial chest roentgenogram no parenchymal lesion or pneumothorax except subcutaneous emphysema on the thoracic wall was found. On the second day of hospitalization he showed agitation much more severe than...
A Case of Rhizomelic Chondrodysplasia Punctata Occurring in Siblings
Soon Hwa Yoon, Nam Young Kim, Seon Hee Shin, Sung Koo Kim, Kon Hee Lee, Hae Sun Yoon, Jung Eun Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):1016-1019.   Published online September 15, 2004
Chondrodysplasia punctata is a group of heterogeneous bone dysplasia characterized by punctate calcifications of the cartilage, frequently associated with a shortening of the limbs, cataracts, icthyosis and alopecia, alterations of the nervous system, and mental and growth deficiencies. Our case presented findings of the rhizomelic chodrodysplasia punctata : a characteristic face, a sucking difficulty and a short neck. Skeletal radiographies...
A Case of Partial Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency Presenting as Uric Acid Lithiasis
Ji Hae Kim, Mi Jung Kim, Kee Hwan Yoo, Young Sook Hong, Joo Won Lee, Soon Kyum Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):1020-1023.   Published online September 15, 2004
The deficiency of enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase(HPRT) results in hyperuricemia and subsequently manifests in diverse symptoms. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a disorder characterized by hyperuricemia, mental retardation, choreoathetosis, spasticity and self-mutilation, resulting from complete deficiency of the enzyme, whereas partial deficiency of the enzyme shows symptoms of milder forms more often without abnormal neurologic signs. A 7-year-old boy with normal growth and...
A Case of Subdural Abscess Caused by Morganella morganii
Eun Young Park, Su Jin Lee, Phil Soo Oh, Kwang Nam Kim, Seung Myung Moon
Korean J Pediatr. 2004;47(9):1024-1027.   Published online September 15, 2004
Morganella morganii, a gram-negative bacillus and part of normal faecal flora, is recognised as a common cause of urinary tract infection. We report a rare case of subdural abscess caused by M. morganii in an infant. It was secondary to purulent meningitis. The patient improved with treatment that consisted of surgical excision and systemic antibiotics.
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