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Review Article
Infection
Central line-associated bloodstream infections in neonates
Hye Jung Cho, Hye-Kyung Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):79-84.   Published online December 19, 2018
Newborn infants, including premature infants, are high-risk patients susceptible to various microorganisms. Catheter-related bloodstream infections are the most common type of nosocomial infections in this population. Regular education and training of medical staffs are most important as a preventive strategy for central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). Bundle approaches and the use of checklists during the insertion and maintenance of central...
Original Article
Cardiology
Outcomes of transcatheter closure of ductus arteriosus in infants less than 6 months of age: a single-center experience
Gwang-Jun Choi, Jinyoung Song, Yi-Seul Kim, Heirim Lee, June Huh, I-Seok Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(12):397-402.   Published online September 19, 2018

Purpose: Transcatheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is challenging in early infancy. We evaluated PDA closure in infants less than 6 months old. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of infants less than 6 months of age who underwent attempted transcatheter device closure in our institution since 2004. To compare clinical outcomes between age groups, infants aged 6–12 months...
Review Article
Cardiology
Recent advances in pediatric interventional cardiology
Seong-Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(8):237-244.   Published online August 14, 2017

During the last 10 years, there have been major technological achievements in pediatric interventional cardiology. In addition, there have been several advances in cardiac imaging, especially in 3-dimensional imaging of echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and cineangiography. Therefore, more types of congenital heart diseases can be treated in the cardiac catheter laboratory today than ever before. Furthermore, lesions previously...

Case Report
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Successfully treated infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in extremely low birth weight infant
Sehwa Jung, Kyung Uk Jeong, Jang Hoon Lee, Jo Won Jung, Moon Sung Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(2):96-99.   Published online February 29, 2016

Survival rates of preterm infants have improved in the past few decades, and central venous catheters play an important role in the intensive medical treatment of these neonates. Unfortunately, these indwelling catheters increase the risk of intracardiac thrombosis, and they provide a nidus for microorganisms during the course of septicemia. Herein, we report a case of persistent bacteremia due to...

Original Article
Validity of bag urine culture for predicting urinary tract infections in febrile infants: a paired comparison of urine collection methods
Geun-A Kim, Ja-Wook Koo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(5):183-189.   Published online May 22, 2015
Purpose

Catheter urine (CATH-U) and suprapubic aspiration (SPA) are reliable urine collection methods for confirming urinary tract infections (UTI) in infants. However, noninvasive and easily accessible collecting bag urine (CBU) is widely used, despite its high contamination rate. This study investigated the validity of CBU cultures for diagnosing UTIs, using CATH-U culture results as the gold standard.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 210 infants,...

Ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein catheterization in critically ill pediatric patients
Eu Jeen Yang, Hyeong Seok Ha, Young Hwa Kong, Sun Jun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(4):136-141.   Published online April 22, 2015
Purpose

Continuous intravenous access is imperative in emergency situations. Ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization was investigated in critically ill pediatric patients to assess the feasibility of the procedure.

Methods

Patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit between February 2011 and September 2012 were enrolled in this study. All patients received a central venous catheter from attending house staff under ultrasound guidance....

Transcatheter closure of small ductus arteriosus with amplatzer vascular plug
Eun Hyun Cho, Jinyoung Song, I-Seok Kang, June Huh, Sang Yoon Lee, Eun Young Choi, Soo Jin Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(9):396-400.   Published online September 30, 2013
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to share our experience of transcatheter closure of small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by using an Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP).

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 20 patients who underwent transcatheter closure at Samsung Medical Center and Sejong General Hospital from January 2008 to August 2012. The size and shape of the PDAs were evaluated...

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in young people, from childhood to young adulthood: relationships between age and clinical and electrophysiological findings
Hae Jung Jung, Hwang Young Ju, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee, Yeo Hyang Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(12):507-511.   Published online December 31, 2011
Purpose

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of electrophysiologic studies (EPS) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) performed in subjects aged less than 30 years with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome, particularly pediatric patients under 18 years of age, based on our experience.

Methods

Two hundred and one consecutive patients with WPW syndrome were recruited and divided to 3 groups according to...

Review Article
Catheter-related bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care units
Jung Hyun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(9):363-367.   Published online September 30, 2011

Central venous catheters (CVCs) are regularly used in intensive care units, and catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) remains a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections, particularly in preterm infants. Increased survival rate of extremely-low-birth-weight infants can be partly attributed to routine practice of CVC placement. The most common types of CVCs used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) include umbilical venous catheters,...

Original Article
Clinical outcome of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in small children weighing 10 kg or less
Young A Park, Nam Kyun Kim, Su-Jin Park, Bong Sic Yun, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(12):1012-1017.   Published online December 31, 2010
Purpose

Transcatheter closure has become an effective therapy in most patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). However, there are difficulties in transcatheter closure of PDA in small children. We reviewed clinical outcomes of transcatheter closure of PDA in children weighing less than 10 kg in a single center.

Methods

Between January 2003 and December 2009, 314 patients with PDA underwent transcatheter closure in...

Case Report
Use of an Amplatzer Vascular Plug to occlude a tubular type of patent ductus arteriosus
Eun-Young Choi, So-Ick Jang, Soo-Jin Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(9):1035-1037.   Published online September 15, 2009
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common congenital heart defect. All PDAs, regardless of size or degree of symptoms, require occlusion. Transcatheter PDA occlusion features fewer complications than trans-thoracic closure. It is also more cost-effective and has an excellent occlusion rate. Therefore, transcatheter PDA occlusion is accepted as the standard treatment option for PDA. However, tubular-type PDAs are difficult to...
Original Article
The efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect with Amplatzer septal occluder in young children less than 3 years of age
Soo Hyun Lee, Deok Young Choi, Nam Kyun Kim, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(4):494-498.   Published online April 15, 2009
Purpose : Applicability of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) has been expanded by accumulation of clinical experiences and evolutions of the device. This study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of ASD with Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) in young children less than 3 years of age. Methods : From May 2003 to December...
Case Report
Availability of peripheral inserted central catheters in severe hemophilia patients with inhibitors
Youngshil Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(12):1359-1362.   Published online December 15, 2008
The most effective treatment strategy for patients with hemophilia is replacement therapy with FVIII or FIX concentrates, which usually requires long-term, uncomplicated venous access. However, central venous access device (CVADs, ports) insertion requires inpatient admission and general anesthesia, and presents some problems regarding health insurance coverage. Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) were inserted in two severe hemophilia patients aged 7...
Original Article
Complications of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects using the amplatzer septal occluder
Seo Jin Jea, Hyo Jin Kwon, Gi Young Jang, Jae Young Lee, Soo Jin Kim, Chang Sung Son, Joo Won Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):401-408.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects (ASD) is currently established therapy as an alternative to surgery. But rarely, complications are reported in some studies. We report early and intermediate term complications associated with transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects using the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO). Methods : From June 2003 to May 2006, 64 patients underwent transcatheter closure of...
Review Article
Characteristics of allergic pollens and the recent increase of sensitization rate to weed pollen in childhood in Korea
Jae-Won Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):355-361.   Published online April 15, 2008
Pollen is very important causing factor for allergy such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and asthma, and pollen allergy has a remarkable clinical impact all over Korea. The main pollination period covers about half the year, from spring to autumn, and the distribution of airborne pollen taxa of allergological interest is related to pollen season dynamics. Korean academy of pediatric...
Original Article
Results of radiofrequency catheter ablation in children and adolescent with tachyarrhythmia
Young Beom Chang, Seung Hyun Lee, Eun Young Kang, Kyoung-Suk Rhee, Chan Uhng Joo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(11):1085-1090.   Published online November 15, 2007
Purpose : Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has become an effective therapeutic modality for treating pediatric tachyarrhythmias. Using conventional RFCA catheters, ablation of parahisian accessory pathways may be difficult and have high risk for heart block. We reviewed the efficacy and complications of the RFCA in children and adolescent with arrhythmias including parahisian accessory pathways. Methods : We studied 48 patients...
Case Report
Perforation of azygos vein and right-sided hydrothorax caused by peripherally inserted central catheter in extremely low birth weight infant
Kee Soo Ha, Jung Yeon Shin, Mi Jung Hwang, Young Ok Choi, Dong Han Shin, Gi Young Jang, Byung Min Choi, Kee Hwan Yoo, Young Sook Hong, Chang Sung Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(8):902-905.   Published online August 15, 2006
We report a case in which routine chest roentgenograms of an 840 g infant led to the belief that the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) was appropriately positioned within the superior vena cava when, in actuality, it was within the azygous arch. Although many cases of pleural effusions have been reported to be caused by a central venous catheter, a...
Original Article
Umbilical venous line-related pleural and pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade in a premature neonate : A case report
Eun Jeong Hong, Kyung A Lee, Il-Heon Bae, Mi-Jung Kim, Heon-Seok Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(6):686-690.   Published online June 15, 2006
Cardiac tamponade with pleural and pericardial effusion is a rare but life-threatening complication of umbilical venous catheterization in the newborn. It requires a timely diagnosis and urgent treatment, such as pericardiocentesis, to save lives of affected patients. Recently, we experienced a 7 day-old, very low birth weight infant, who developed a cardiac tamponade with pleural and pericardial effusions complicated by...
Epidemiology of central venous catheter related blood stream infections in pediatric patients
Jung Hyun Kim, Ho Sun Eun, Kyung Min Choi, Dong Soo Kim, Dong Eun Young
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):157-161.   Published online February 15, 2006
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the pathogens of central venous catheter-related blood stream infections and search for the association among the insertion site, the duration and the underlying conditions with the prevalence of central venous catheter-related blood stream infections under 15 years old. Methods : A retrospective study was performed from Jan, 2003 to Dec, 2003...
Case Report
Transcatheter Closure of a Residual Shunt after Surgical Repair of Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect
Hee Jeong Jeong, Han Hyuk Lim, Jae Hyun Yu, Jae Hwan Lee, Hong Ryang Kil
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(10):1143-1147.   Published online October 15, 2005
The traumatic ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a rare but potentially life threatening complication of chest wall injury. The traumatic VSD occurs in up to 4.5% of penetrating cardiac trauma. Most of the patients are usually operated on because of heart failure and/or significant left-to-right shunt. The feasibility of surgical repair under cardiopulmonary bypass may be affected by coexisting pulmonary,...
Original Article
Clinical Use and Complications of Percutaneous Central Venous Catheterization in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Hyang Kim, Sun Hui Kim, Hyung Suck Byun, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):953-959.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : The administration of total parenteral nutrition(TPN) has become a standard procedure in the management of nutritionally deprived and critically low birth weight neonates. Sepsis remains the most frequent serious complication during TPN, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality and health care costs. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and complications of percutaneous central venous catheterization(PCVC) in...
Impact of Device Evolution in Transcatheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Using Duct-Occlud Coils : Comparison of Mid-term Results
Myung Kwan Kim, Dong Ki Han, Jae Young Choi, Yuria Kim, Byung Won Yoo, Deok Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kue Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(2):158-164.   Published online February 15, 2005
Purpose : We reviewed the therapeutic results of various Duct-Occlud coils(pfm AG, K ln, Germany) to evaluate the efficacy of the most-recently modified Duct-Occlud coil(Nit-Occlud) in the transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA), including large defects more than 4 mm in diameter. Methods : Two hundred and five patients who underwent percutaneous PDA occlusion using Duct- Occlud devices from March...
Mid-term Result of the Transcatheter Occlusion of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Duct-Occlud Device and Procedure-Related Problems
Yuria Kim, Jae Young Choi, Jong Kyun Lee, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Young Hwan Park, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(1):36-43.   Published online January 15, 2004
Purpose : We will present our mid-term result of transcatheter closure of PDA with Duct-Occlud device(pfm. AG. Germany) after 12 months follow up and report the problems during the procedure. Methods : In total 154 patients, the Duct-Occlud devices were inserted in our institute from March, 1996 to August, 2002. Three types of Duct-Occlud device, i.e standard, reinforced, reinforced reverse cone...
Postoperative Progress and Influencing Factors in Patients after Rastelli Procedure
Se Heui Kim, Kyeong Sik Kim, Jong Kyun Lee, Jae Young Choi, Jun Hee Sul, Sung Kyu Lee, Young Whan Park, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):259-264.   Published online March 15, 2003
Purpose : We have performed an analysis on patients who received Rastelli operation in our institute and reviewed their progress postoperatively. Various factors with suspected relationship to the outcome have been considered to help in future treatment and follow-up. Methods : We analyzed retrospectively 43 patients who either received Rastelli operation in Yonsei University Cardiovascular Center from March 1995 to April...
Intraarterial Catheter-directed Urokinase Infusion for Femoral Artery Thrombosis after Cardiac Catheterization in Infants and Children
Hyoung Doo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(11):1397-1402.   Published online November 15, 2002
Purpose : One of the major complication of arterial catheterization is the thrombosis of the iliac or femoral arteries. Tissue loss following femoral artery catheterization is rare. However long- term sequelae such as impaired limb growth and future impairment of vascular access, are also important in pediatric cardiac patients. But standard methods to treat thrombotic complication of arterial catheterization in...
Study of Neonatal Cardiac Catheterization for Over the Last 10 Years
Jinyoung Song, Sungkyu Lee, Jaeyoung Lee, Sujin Kim, Wooseup Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(5):615-621.   Published online May 15, 2002
Purpose : The neonatal cardiac catheterization and angiogram for transcatheter therapy are still essential methods in congenital heart disease, so we reviewed our experience with neonatal cardiac catheterization over 10 years at a single institution. Methods : A retrospective review of all 139 neonatal catheterizations from January 1991 to December 2000 at Sejong Heart Institution was performed. The purpose of the...
The Effectiveness of Propofol on Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization and Electrophysiologic Study
Woo Saeng Park, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(7):773-777.   Published online July 15, 2001
Purpose : Our purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of propofol on pediatric cardiac catheterization or radiofrequency catheter ablation. Methods : We measured the serial changes of arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 4 stages, a baseline(during normal sleep), stage 1(just after loading of propofol 2 mg/kg over 10 minutes), stage 2(10-15 minutes after propofol continuous...
Case Report
Three Cases of Hemolysis After Transcatheter Closure of A Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Sang-Bum Lee, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1399-1403.   Published online October 15, 2000
Severe hemolysis occurred after transcatheter occlusion of a patent ductus arteriosus in 3 patients among 41 patients who underwent transcatheter occlusion of a patent ductus arteriosus. The problems were managed by a standard surgical ligation of the duct, leaving the occlusion device(the Rashkind umbrella and a detachable coil) in situ in one patient, surgical removal of the detachable coil and...
A Case of Transcatheter Occlusion of Aortopulmonary Window(APW) after APW Banding
Young Seok Lee, In Seung Park, Jae Young Lee, Soo Jin Kim, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Cho, Eun Jung Bae, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1290-1293.   Published online September 15, 2000
Aortopulmonary window is an uncommon cardiac anomaly accounting for approximately 0.2-0.6% of all congenital cardiac anomalies in which there is a connection between the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk. Since the first report of successful surgical repair, many investigators have advocated surgical closure of all types of aortopulmonary windows using different technique. The majority of aortopulmonary windows require surgical therapy...
Original Article
Transcatheter Closure of the Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Young A Lee, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1200-1206.   Published online September 15, 2000
Purpose : Transcatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) is a well-established, effective therapeutic modality, and many kinds of devices have been used to perform this closure. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different kinds of devices. Methods : We reviewed retrospectively the charts of 43 patients who were admitted to Kyungpook University Hospital between June...