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Original Article
A Study of Vascular Reactivity Change in Nephrotic Syndrome Children Using Plethysmography
Jae Won Shim, Byoung Hoon Yoo, In Suk Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(5):650-659.   Published online May 15, 1997
Purpose : The nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, edema and hyperlipidemia. These can change body homeostasis and cause hypertension. This study was designed to determine the relationship between the forearm vasodilating capacity and serum cholesterol level of nephrotic syndrome patients. Methods : 15 Nephrotic syndrome patients and 17 normal control children who visited Chung-ang University Youngsan Hospital from Sep....
Clinicopathological Study about Childhood Primary Nephrotic Syndrome Resistant to 4-week Daily Steroid Therapy
Jung Sue Kim, Il Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Yong Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(12):1729-1735.   Published online December 15, 1996
Purpose : Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children is difficult to manage and tends to progress to chronic renal failure. We studied clinicopathological correlations in primary nephrotic syndrome in children resistant to 4-week daily steroid therapy. Methods : Among children who had been admitted to Seoul National University Children's Hospital during the period between Oct. 1985 and Jul. 1995 and diagnosed as primary nephrotic syndrome, 87...
Effect of Steroid Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Children with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Byeong Hee Son, Woo Yeong Chung, Chul Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(6):822-828.   Published online June 15, 1996
Purpose : Osteoporosis and growth failure have been known one of the serious side effects of corticosteroid therapy especially in children. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of long-term administration of steroids on bone mineral density(BMD) in children with nephrotic syndrome and its relationship to cumulative steroid dose, the duration of the rapy and sex. Methods : The BMD of...
Case Report
A Case of Spontaneously Remitted Congenital Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Tae Sun Ha, Kyung Hee Lee, Beom Soo Park, Heon Seok Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(9):1288-1292.   Published online September 15, 1995
Nephrotic syndrome is a condition with severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. When the syndrome develops within the first 3 months of life, it is generally considered as congenital and the overall outcome in this group seems to be worse than in miniaml change lesion that occurs at an older age regardless of the pathologic findings. A female infant with congenital nephrotic...
Original Article
Antibody Response to Capsular Polysaccharide Vaccine of Streptococcal Pneumonia in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrom
Ji Young Choi, Jae Ho Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(8):1107-1115.   Published online August 15, 1995
Purpose : Although the etiology and pathogenesis of child with nephrotic syndrome remains uncertain, it has been suggested from indirect evidence that this syndrome may represent deficiency in T-cell function and abnormal humoral immune response to antigens or immynoglobulin. Children with nephrotic syndrome are susceptible to pneumococcal infection. Now, we performed this study to evaluate pneumococcal anticapsular antibody concentration and...
Case Report
A Case of Cerebral Infarcion due to Thrombosis Associated with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome
Dae Woo Kim, Heon Lang Park, Sang Man Shin, Eun Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(9):1317-1324.   Published online September 15, 1994
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the renal histopathologic lesion observed in 10% of children with idopathic nephrotic syndrome. Complications include infection, thrombosis, hypocalcemia and adverse effect of steroid use. The incidnce of thrombosis reported ranges from 10~40%. The pathogenesis are changes in coagulation system, decrease of Antithrombin III, increase platelet aggregability and steroid or diuretics use. These changes take place passively...
Original Article
The Roles of IgG and Albumin as a Predictor of Frequent Relapse
Jae-Ho Lee, Jong-Gyun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(9):1245-1250.   Published online September 15, 1994
The etiology of nephrotic syndrome is unknown. The characterization were proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, generalized edema and hyperlipidemia. To assess the recurrence factors in the nephrotic syncrome, we measured serum immunoglobulin(IgG, IgA, IgM), albumin, complement, cholesterol and the 24-hour total urine protein at the initial relapse of nephrotic syndrome. Each data of frequent and infrequent relapsed nephrotic syndrome were compared. In total...
Cyclosporin A Treatment of Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Ik Jun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(12):1740-1746.   Published online December 15, 1993
In this study I assesed the efficacy and tolerance of cyclosporin A (CyA) in the treatment of steroid-dependent MCNS (minimal change nephrotic cyndrome) and steroid resistant FSGS (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis). The results showed, that 1) CyA was effective in sustaining a remission in steroid-dependent MCNS without prednisone treatment, and therefore, could be an alternative therapeutic choice. 2) After discontinuation of CyA, relapses reccurred...
Nephrotic Syndrome under 2 Years of Age
Jae Sung Ko, Kang Mo Ahn, Hye Won Park, Il Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Yong Choi, Kwang Wook Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(10):1395-1401.   Published online October 15, 1993
There had been total 20 patients with early onset (4 months~2 years) primary nephrotic syndrome in the Deparment of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, during the period from March 1987 to February 1993. We analysed clinical courses, response to treatment, pathological findings and prognosis of the patients And the results were as follows; 1) The initial responders to steroid treatment...
Studies on the Prognostic Marker in Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Byoung-Soo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(7):906-912.   Published online July 15, 1993
Childhood minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is often associated with hyper-sensitivity reactions and considered to be caused by immune dysfunction. The elevated serum IgE levels and atopic symptoms have been frequently associated in these patients. The present therapy for MCNS mainly depends on corticosteroids, alkylating agents such as chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide and cyclosporin A (Cy-A). Howerver, frequent relapses and severe side effects...
Effect of Cyclosporin, Indomethacin and Methylprednisolone on Puromycin-Aminonucleoside Induced Nephrosis in Rats
Hong Bae Kim, Hae Lee Chung, Cheol Woo Ko, Ja Hoon Ko, Jung Sik Gwak
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(4):495-505.   Published online April 15, 1993
This experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of indomethacin and methylprednisolone on PAN-induced nephrosis in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150∼200gm were used and divided into controls, group Ⅰ(PAN intraperitoneally), group Ⅱ(PAN intraperitoneally, followed by indomethacin peritoneally for 12 days), group Ⅲ(PAN intraperitoneally, followed by methylprednisolone peritoneally for 12 days) and group Ⅳ(PAN intraperitoneally, followed by cyclosporin subcutaneously for...
Re-evaluation of the indication for renal biopsy in childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Eun Kyoung Sohn, Byung Soo Cho, Chang Il Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(6):805-811.   Published online June 30, 1991
Renal biopsy is indicated in nephrotic syndrome when histopathologic types other than minimal change pattern or the secondary nephrotic syndrome are suspected. But renal biopsy in children has some limitation because of the technical problem. In order to assess the clinicopathologic correlation and to re-evaluate the biopsy indication, the clinical manifestations and histopathologic types were analyzed statisically on the 86 cases of childhood nephrotic syndrome...
A Clinical Study on the Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome.
Dong Kyu Jin, Ja Wook Koo, Hae Il Cheong, Yong Choi, Kwang Wook Ko, Jong Hoon Lee, Young Suk Yu
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(8):1097-1103.   Published online August 31, 1990
A clinical study was carried out in 73 children with nephrotic syndrome who had had regular ophthalmologic examination annually at Seoul National University Children’s Hospital from March 1976 to February 1990 with the aim of finding the relationship between the posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) and the effect of corticosteroids. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The number of patients with PSC were 23 cases...
Clinical Analysis of Children with Nephrotic Syndrome.
Ki Young Cheong, Keon Su Rhee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(7):959-969.   Published online July 31, 1990
A clinical analysis was made on 51 cases with nephrotic syndrome who were admitted to Pediatric Department of Chung Nam National University Hospital from January 1st, 1984 to December 31st, 1988. Clinical manifestation, response to the inital continuous steroid therapy, relapsing patterns, factors affecting response to steroid therapy, pathologic findings and difference in laboratory findings between relapser and nonrelapser were evaluated. Results were as follows; 1) Among...
Role of aldosterone on the minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children.
Soon Wha Kim, Myung Ik Lee, Don Hee Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(11):1526-1532.   Published online November 30, 1989
We studied 11 cases of minimal change nephrotic syndrome randomly selected among 16 cases of minimal change nephrotic syndrome who were proved by kidney biopsy at department of pediatrics, National Medical Center during the period of January 1985 through December 1987. These patients were studied serially at 3 different stages in their clinical course. These were stages of edema formation, diuresis and remission, respectively. The...
Selectivity Index of Proteinuria in Childhood Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome.
Cheol Ho Lee, Young Seo Park, Kwang Wook Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(10):1384-1390.   Published online October 31, 1989
The selectivity indices (S.I.) of proteinuria in 120 biopsy proven minimal change nephrotic syn- drome (MCNS) children who were admitted to Seoul National University Childern’s Hospital from January 1976 to June 1988 and followed up for more than 1 year from onset of disease, were analyzed in relation to clinical findings, histopathologic features and steroid responsiveness. The results were as follows: 1) The mean age at...
Serum IgE Level in Patients with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome.
Sung Oh Kim, Hee Jung Ahn, Seong Ho Kim, Woo Gill Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(6):789-796.   Published online June 30, 1989
It has been reported that many patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome(MCNS) have high serum IgE level, but its significance has not been disclosed yet. In this study, serum levels of IgE were evaluated in different stages of the disease with or without treatment in 26 MCNS(proven by renal biopsy) patients admitted to the Department of Pediatrics Hanyang University Hospital from January, 1980 to...
Lipoproteinelectropheresis pattern in Nephrotic Syndrome.
Soon Don Hong, Byung Soo Cho, Chang Il Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(9):1163-1170.   Published online September 30, 1988
This study was undertaken to eluidate lipoprotein patterns in patients with childhood nephrotic syndrome by response to initial steroid therapy, serum albumin level in MCNS and other histologic classifications. The result were summerized as follows. 1) There were 19 cases (52.8%) of abnormal lipoprotein patterns by Fredrickson classifications, type Ila were 6 cases (16.7%), type lib were 1 cases (2.8%) and type IV were 12 cases...
Thyriod Function Studies in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome.
In Hoon Lee, Chan Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(8):1037-1047.   Published online August 31, 1988
To evaluate the influence of nephrotic syndrome on the thyroid function test in children, serum T3, T4, free T4, TSH, TBG and rT3 were measured using radioimmunoassay in 14 clinically euthyroid children with nephrotic syndrome who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital from July, 1986 to August, 1987. Control group was 15 children who visit our outpatient department for minor...
A Case of Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome.
Choong Sun Kang, Chang Hee Hwang, Pyung Kil Kim, Hyeon Joo Jeong, In Joon Choi, Jung Hye Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(5):627-634.   Published online May 31, 1988
Congenital nephrotic syndrome is an uncommon disorder, which is caused by a heterogenous group of renal diseases with variable etiology and natural history. It may be inherited, sporadic, acquird or a part of a general malformation syndrome. This disorder has no single or pathological feature for pathognomonic finding, and there is no ultimate curative treatment except renal transplantation. We experienced a case of congenital...
A Study on Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in Children.
Yong Choi, Hong Jin Lee, Hae Il Cheong, Kwang Wook Ko, Hyun Soon Lee, Yong Il Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(2):220-226.   Published online February 28, 1988
To assess the clinical significance of histopathologic variants of minimal change nephrotic syn- drome (MCNS) by light microscopic findings, 148 biopsy proven MCNS patients, who were admitted to Seoul National University Hospital between the period from January 1976 to December 1986, were analyzed according to clinical findings, steroid responsiveness, and follow up status in relation to the pathologic variants. The followings are summary and conclusion. 1) Significantly...
Plasma Renin Acivity in Children with Acute Glomerulonephritis and Nephrotic Syndrome.
Oh Kyun Kwon, Young Hun Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1987;30(11):1213-1220.   Published online November 30, 1987
This is a study on plasma renin acitivity (PRA) which was obtanined from the patients with acute glomerulonephritis or nephrotic syndrome and normotensive control group admitted in Chungnam National University Hospital from Oct. 1985 to Aug. 1986 to confirm any differences of PRA between groups and to establish their influencing factors. The results were as follows; 1) PRA of noimal children in preschool age (3.49 ±0.98...
Chlorambucil Treatment in Chidren with Frequently Relapsing Minimal Lesion Nephrotic Syndrome.
Myung Hee Chung, Hae Woon Chang, Haeng Mi Kim, Ja Hoo Koo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1987;30(4):370-377.   Published online April 30, 1987
A clinical study was conducted on children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome to see the therapeutic effectiveness of chlorambucil therapy. Study population consisted of 21 children with biopsy-proven minimal lesion nephrotic syndrome, in whom chlorambucil therapy was given to control their frequent relapses and/or steroid dependency. Eleven patients were frequent relapser and 10 were steroid dependant. Study period extended from December 1980 to August...
A Retrospective Study on the Effect of Cyclophosphamide in Children with Minmal Change Nephrotic Syndrome.
Il Soo Ha, Kwang Wook Ko, Yong Il Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1987;30(2):158-174.   Published online February 28, 1987
Thirty one children associated with biopsy-proven minimal change nephrotic syndrome with frequent relapse, were placed on cyclophosphamide, and its effect was analyzed. Cyclophosphamide was given with the dosage of 2.46±0.42 mg/kg/day for 58±7 days along with the alternate day corticosteroid. Sixty three percent of the patients showed complete remission and twenty seven percent of the patients resulted in partial remission after the treatment. Those...
A Clinicopathological Study on Re nal Biopsies in Children.
Soon Wha Kim, Keun Chan Sohn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(8):868-879.   Published online August 31, 1986
A clinical and histopathologic study was made on 80 cases of renal biopsies in children who were admitted to National Medical Center from January 1976 to June 1985. The results are as follows: 1) Among 80 cases, 60 cases were male and 20 cases female. The sex ratio of male to female was 3 : 1. The age distribution was from...
A Study on Changes of Serum Prootein, Immunoglobulins, and Electrolyte Metabolism in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome after Steroid Therapy.
Kyung Rae Moon, Chang Soo Ra
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1986;29(1):32-44.   Published online January 31, 1986
The author determined serum and 24hr urine protein(total protein and albumin), immunoglobulins(lgG, IgA, and IgM) and serum electrolytes(Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, and Cl) in 5 cases of childhood nephrotic syndrome before and after steroid therapy, until urinary excretion of protein was negative (remission).The results observed are summarized as follows; 1) Serum protein; Before treatment, the mean serum total protein...
Case Report
A case of Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome.
Kwang Nam Kim, Kwang Hyun Kim, In Joo Seol, Ha Baik Lee, Chong Moo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1985;28(9):931-935.   Published online September 30, 1985
The congenital nephrotic syndrome is characterized by large placenta, low birth weight, early clinical findings, delayed growth and development and resistance to treatment. Authors experienced a case of characteristic of congenital nephrotic syndrome in a girl, who was admitted to the Pediatric Department of HUH at 28 days of age because of generalized edema, abdominal distension with vomiting and diarrhea....
Original Article
A Clinicopathological Study on Renal Biopsies in Children.
Chung Hye Chu, Byoung Soo Cho, Chang Il Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1985;28(7):705-713.   Published online July 31, 1985
A clinical and histopathological study was made on 53 cases of ultrasonoguided renal biopsies in children who were admitted to pediatric ward of Kyung Hee University Hospital, from February 1, 1979 to March 31, 1984. The result were as follows: 1)The final diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonoguided renal biopsy in this 53 cases and there was no severe complication (perirenal hematoma, renal...
Primary Peritonitis in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome.
Hae Il Cheong, Whan Jong Lee, Jeong Kee Seo, Yong Choi, Kwang Wook Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1985;28(7):695-704.   Published online July 31, 1985
Thirty episodes of primary peritonitis in 22 children with nephrotic syndrome who had admitted in the Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital from Jan. *81 to Sept. ’84 were studied, and the results were as follows; 1)Among 22 children, male to female ratio was 16 : 6 and the mean age at the onset of peritonitis was 7.80 years (average...
Case Report
Rifampin Induced Nonresponsiveness to Steroid Therapy in Children with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome .
Hae Il Cheong, Sang Bok Suk, Yong Choi, Kwang Wook Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1984;27(5):506-510.   Published online May 31, 1984
We experienced three children with the biopsy proven minimal change nephrotic syndrome who had failed to respond to prednisolone, 60 mg/m2/d for 4 to 9 weeks due to concomittent administration of rifampin. Because rifampin is a known enzyme inducer of the liver like phenobarbital and dilantin which can increase the clearance of the other drugs such as steroid etc., rifampin were...