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Case Report
A case of Kawasaki disease preceding a retropharyngeal abscess
Hee Ok Park, Jae Woo Lim, Eun Jung Cheon, Kyung Ok Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):542-545.   Published online May 15, 2008
Epidural hematoma (EDH) is relatively rare in newborn infants and frequently associated with instrumental deliveries or other complications during labor and delivery. Although surgical evacuation has been the most common therapy, many other procedures have been suggested. Although many epidural hematomas require surgical evacuation rather than non-surgical management, the conservatiob or aspiration of hematoma have been attempted. In the case...
A case of Menkes disease with unusual hepatomegaly
Go Un Jeong, Anna Cho, Hee Hwang, Yong Seung Hwang, Ki Joong Kim, Jong Hee Chae, Jeong Kee Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):538-541.   Published online May 15, 2008
Menkes disease is an X-linked recessive copper transport disorder characterized by neurological deterioration, connective- tissue damage, and abnormal hair growth. It is caused by the mutation of the ATP7A gene. This report describes a four- month-old boy with neurological symptoms typical of Menkes disease plus unusual liver involvement. He developed seizures at three months of age and exhibited hypotonia, cephalhematoma,...
Two cases of central nervous system complications caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Shin Mi Kim, Ji Seung Heo, Eun Jung Shim, Dae Hyoung Lee, Do Jun Cho, Dug Ha Kim, Ki Sik Min, Ki Yang Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):533-537.   Published online May 15, 2008
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection causes a wide variety of clinical manifestations in children and young adults, the main one being pneumonia. M. pneumoniae is transmitted from person to person by infected respiratory droplets. Symptoms caused by M. pneumoniae infection can be divided into those involving the respiratory tract, and those caused by extrapulmonary disease. M. pneumoniae infections may cause...
Autoimmune hepatitis and thyroiditis associated with antituberculous medications : A case report
Seong Keun Yu, Sara Kim, Jin Soo Moon, Han Seong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):528-532.   Published online May 15, 2008
Drug-induced toxic hepatitis is a relatively common hepatic disease in children, and it is usually self-limiting upon cessation of the offending drugs. Antituberculous drugs are well known for inducing hepatitis. Some cases of drug-induced hepatitis with autoimmune features have been reported; in these cases, the offending drugs were usually methyldopa, nitrofurantoin, minocycline, and interferon. The authors report the first case...
Original Article
Transforming growth factor-β gene promoter polymorphism : its association with renal involvement in Henoch-Sch lein Purpura in childhood
Seung Ho Lee, Hwa Young Jee, Hwang Min Kim, Byung Il Yeh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):523-527.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Several cytokines play important roles in the inflammatory process of Henoch-Sch lein Purpura (HSP). It is likely that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is involved in the pathogenesis of HSP. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether TGF-β promoter polymorphism is associated with the renal involvement of childhood HSP. Methods : Thirty-four patients younger than 15 years, who...
An epidemiological study on enuresis in children of two elementary schools in Suwon
Hyun Jung Lee, Kang Gyoon Lee, Eun Jin Kim, Ki-Soo Pai, Sang Don Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):518-522.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of enuresis in association with voiding habits and socioeconomic status in elementary school children. Methods : A dynamic survey was done of 1,514 students from two elementary schools in Suwon, Korea in December 2006. Data regarding gender, age, height and weight, voiding habits, and monthly family incomes were...
The characteristics of neurocardiogenic syncope in children
Kyung Yeon Lee, Jin Young Lee, Myoung Hyun Kim, Jeong Eun Lee, Yong Dae Kim, Eun Ju Lee, Young Su Lim, Won Seop Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):512-517.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Syncope is relatively common in children and adolescents. Among the etiologies of syncope, neurocardiogenical syncope is the most common, but it is often confounded with seizure. We investigated the clinical features of patients under the age of 15 with neurocardiogenical syncope, compared to patients with neurologic disorders including epilepsy. Methods : Among the children who visited the...
The effect of education and training with balloons on pulmonary function test in children
Yong Hee Hong, Sun Mi Ha, You Hoon Jeon, Hyeon Jong Yang, Bok Yang Pyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):506-511.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : The results of pulmonary function test (PFT) in children are variable according to the patient's cooperation and comprehensiveness. This study has intended to figure out the effectiveness of pre-education and training with balloons on PFT in children. Methods : One hundred six children mean aged 9.35?.92 years were tested. All participants performed PFT twice in 30 minutes intervals....
Clinical features of transient small bowel intussusception in children
Ji Seung Heo, Eun Min Seo, Eun Jung Shim, Do Jun Cho, Dug Ha Kim, Ki Sik Min, Ki Yang Yoo, Kwan Seop Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):500-505.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : We analyzed the clinical features, management and outcome of small bowel intussusception in children compared with ileocolic intussusception. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the records of 210 children with documented intussusception, in whom intussusception was initially diagnosed by ultrasonography during the four-year period of 2002 to 2005. Results : A total of 191 children were diagnosed with ileocolic intussusception and...
Gastric mucosal immune response of Helicobacter pylori-infected children
Hye Won Yom, Jeong Wan Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):492-499.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common gastrointestinal infections worldwide; it almost invariably causes chronic gastritis. Pediatric studies may provide important insights into the mucosal immune response of H. pylori-infection, as children are not submitted to environmental factors such as alcohol, tobacco and anti-inflammatory medication. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mucosal...
Increased vascular endothelial growth factor in children with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and wheezing
Young Seo, Byung Keun Yu, Yeon Joung Oh, Yoon Lee, Young Yoo, Ji Tae Choung, Young Yull Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):487-491.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Although Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection can cause wheezing in non-asthmatic children, the mechanisms of this symptom remain unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mediator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability, and is also known to be elevated in cases of chronic pulmonary disease such as asthma. We hypothesized that VEGF may increase in children with...
Pain reducing effect of vapocoolant spray during injection and heelstick procedure in neonates
Eun Kyong Choi, Ji Mi Jung, Jong Beom Sin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):481-486.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : The aims of this study were to test the efficacy of vapocoolant spray to decrease the symptoms associated with pain in newborns undergoing heel stick and intramuscular injection and compare the pain relief effect of oral glucose. Methods : Randomized, controlled study including sixty newborns undergoing heel stick and intramuscular injection. Group 1 was heelsticked, Group 2 was intramuscular...
Early stress hyperglycemia as independent predictor of increased mortality in preterm infants
Young Sun Wee, Gae Hyun Ahn, Eun Gyong Yoo, In Sook Lim, Kyu Hyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):474-480.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Stress hyperglycemia is common in critically ill adult patients. It is known as a predictor of increased mortality, and intensive insulin therapy has been shown to improve the prognosis in such patients. We have investigated the relationship between early stress hyperglycemia and clinical outcomes in preterm infants. Methods : In this study, 141 preterm infants with a gestational age...
A study of mothers knowledge of weaning of infants with iron-deficiency anemia
Sung Jin Kim, Dong Hyun Kim, Joo Hee Chang, Yong Hun Jun, Young Jin Hong, Byong Kwan Son, Soon Ki Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):468-473.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is still one of the most common nutrient deficiency disorders, despite improvements in general health and nutrition. This study was designed to investigate the diagnostic values of hematological profiles, including the level of ferritin, and to evaluate the knowledge of mothers on weaning practices for infants and young children with IDA. Methods : This study...
Review Article
Cardiovascular complications after Kawasaki disease and its management
Gi Young Jang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):462-467.   Published online May 15, 2008
Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology, usually occurring in infants and young children. Although the etiology of Kawasaki disease remains uncertain, its serious complicationssuch as giant aneurysm formation, coronary arterial stenotic lesions, and thrombotic occlusionhave been proven to cause myocardial ischemia or infarction in patients with Kawasaki disease. To prevent and treat these complications, several modes of...
Update on treatment in acute stage of Kawasaki disease
Ji Whan Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):457-461.   Published online May 15, 2008
Kawasaki disease (KD) was first described by Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki in his 1975 study, published in Pediatrics. Its pathogenesis is still not clearly understood. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important to preventing concomitant coronary artery complications. Most KD patients respond well to the standard treatment of aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin; however, some of them are refractory to the standard...
Epidemiology of Kawasaki disease in Korea
Yong Won Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):452-456.   Published online May 15, 2008
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs predominantly in infants and young children. Initially described in 1967 by Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki, it is now the most common cause of acquired heart disease among children in developed nations. Although KD has been reported across all racial and ethnic groups, the incidence of KD is more...
Ethical considerations in publication of medical papers
Chong-Woo Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):447-451.   Published online May 15, 2008
It is fair to say that there are many ethical issues concerning the publication of medical papers. To define the best practice in the ethics of scientific publishing and a proper understanding of appropriate reporting in medical papers, this review should be useful for authors dealing with ethical issues which involve the protection of human and animal rights, the protection...
Case Report
Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome : A case report
So Hee Lee, Seong Jin Hong, Jung Hwa Lee, Soo Yun Oh, Sun Heum Kim, Duk Hwan Kho, Kyo Sun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):435-438.   Published online April 15, 2008
The Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by multiple abnormalities that involve the brain, face, eyes, and extremities. COFS syndrome is regarded as a degenerative disorder of the brain and spinal cord caused by a mutation of the DNA repair genes. We report on an 8-month-old girl with COFS syndrome who exhibited growth and developmental delay,...
A case of midgut volvulus due to mesenteric lymphangioma, not associated with malrotation in a 13-year-old boy
Jung Ho Lee, Seok Ju Choi, Tae Yoon Kim, Young Tong Kim, Hyun Deuk Cho, Joon Soo Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):431-434.   Published online April 15, 2008
A 13-year-old boy, complained of an intermittent suddenly aggravated severe abdominal pain and diarrhea, was diagnosed as a small bowel volvulus without an intestinal malrotation, due to mesenteric lymphangioma. He took abdominal ultrasonography, abdominal CT scanning, upper gastrointestinal study and got an operation. The small bowel volvulus with cystic lymphangioma was confirmed by gross and pathologic findings.
Cytogenetic evaluation of a patient with ring chromosome 9 presenting failure to thrive and developmental delay
Yun Mi Park, Han Nae Nho, Sook Za Kim, Young Min Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):426-430.   Published online April 15, 2008
We report clinical, cytogenetic, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies of a patient with ring chromosome 9. She presented with failure to thrive, facial dysmorphysm and mild psychomotor development delay in the absence of major malformations. Peripheral blood karyotype of the patient was 46,XX,r(9)(p24q34). G-band analysis suggested no loss of material in the ring chromosomes. FISH analysis using the...
Original Article
Clinical review of acute seizures among children who visited the emergency room in Masan Samsung hospital from 2004 to 2006
Won Deok Lee, Jae Wook Yoo, Ju Suk Lee, Jun Hwa Lee, Kyung Lae Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):420-425.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate acute childhood seizures, one of the most important causes of emergency room visits, to provide appropriate medical services. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 433 (4.6%) pediatric patients with acute seizures that visited the emergency room at Masan Samsung hospital from 2004 to 2006. Results : The male to...
Use of herbal medicine in epileptic children
Jee Yeon Lee, Wook Sun Choi, So-Hee Eun, Baik-Lin Eun, Young Sook Hong, Joo Won Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):415-419.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : Herbal medicine is thought to be widely used by children with epilepsy, but there have been few studies. This study aimed to investigate the perceptions and the actual conditions of usage of herbal medicine by children with epilepsy. Methods : From July to August 2007, three hundred seventy eight questionnaires were completed by parents of epileptic children who visited...
The age and dose-related hyponatremia during carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine therapy in epileptic children
Kyu Ha Lee, Jun Hyuk Song, Sung Ho Cha, Sa Jun Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):409-414.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : To assess the prevalence of hyponatremia in epileptic children receiving carbamazepine or oxcarbazpine, we investigate serum sodium changes according to age, serum carbamazepine level, and daily oxcarbazepine dosage, and the prevalence of symptoms of hyponatremia. Methods : We reviewed the clinical data of the 197 children receiving carbamazepine and/or oxcarbazepine with or without antiepileptic therapy. And these were classified...
Complications of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects using the amplatzer septal occluder
Seo Jin Jea, Hyo Jin Kwon, Gi Young Jang, Jae Young Lee, Soo Jin Kim, Chang Sung Son, Joo Won Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):401-408.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects (ASD) is currently established therapy as an alternative to surgery. But rarely, complications are reported in some studies. We report early and intermediate term complications associated with transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects using the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO). Methods : From June 2003 to May 2006, 64 patients underwent transcatheter closure of...
A rise and fall in AST and ALT level in nonspecific reactive hepatitis
Tai Sung Kim, Tae Hyung Hur, Sun Jeong Lim, Joong Hyun Bin, Seung Hoon Hahn, So Young Kim, Hyun Hee Kim, Wonbae Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):396-400.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : The study was performed to assess the distribution of the diseases associated with nonspecific reactive hepatitis (NRH) for the past 10 years and to evaluate the change in the level of AST and ALT, and the difference by several variable factors. Methods : From January 1997 to December 2006, 646 patients had elevated liver enzymes among 22,763 patients admitted...
Efficacy and safety of electrolytes-free polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 for disimpaction in children with chronic functional constipation
Jeong Hee Lee, Ran Lee, Sun Hwan Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):391-395.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was performed evaluate optimal dose for disimpaction, efficacy and safety of PEG 4000 in children with chronic functional constipation. Methods : Eighty six children with chronic functional constipation were enrolled in this prospective study at Konkuk university hospital March, 2003 through August, 2006. Success in disimpaction with PEG 4000 was defined as meeting at least two out...
Epidemic acute interstitial pneumonia in children occurred during the early 2006s
Chong Kun Cheon, Hyun-Seung Jin, Eun Kyeong Kang, Hyo Bin Kim, Byoung-Joo Kim, Jinho Yu, Seong Jong Park, Soo-Jong Hong, June Dong Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):383-390.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with acute interstitial pneumonia who had presented similar clinical patterns from March to June, 2006 and to describe our experience of treatment and to identify risk factors associated with prognosis. Methods : The clinical characteristics, radiologic and histopathologic findings and response to steroids of 15 patients (non-survival...
The usefulness of skin test in evaluation of immunity to varicella
Ji-Young Kim, Hye Jeen Lee, Me Jin Kim, Young Ho Kim, Ji A Jung, Seung Yang, Il Tae Hwang, Hae Ran Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):377-382.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of skin test by an inactivated, 1/50 diluted solution of attenuated varicella vaccine in evaluating the immune status to varicella. Methods : Total 41 subjects (22 males, 19 females, aged 1-32 years) were enrolled from July to August, 2005. Past medical history including varicella infection, varicella vaccination were investigated...
Clinical characteristics of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection requiring mechanical ventilation in neonatal period and early infancy
Seung Han Shin, Jae Ri Kim, Jin-A Lee, Chang Won Choi, Ee-Kyung Kim, Eun Hwa Choi, Han-Suk Kim, Beyong Il Kim, Hoan Jong Lee, Jung-Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(4):372-376.   Published online April 15, 2008
Purpose : To identify clinical characteristics of severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in neonatal period and early infancy and provide information in clinical practice. Methods : Twelve neonates and young infants (<6 months) who were infected by respiratory syncytial virus and required mechanical ventilation between March 2005 and July 2007 were enrolled. Diagnosis of RSV infection was made based on the...
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