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Original Article
High-resolution computed tomography findings of lung parenchyme changes in very low birth weight infants treated with oxygen
Young Man Jin, David Chanwook Chung, Young Pyo Chang, Yung Suk Lee, En Sun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):255-261.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : The objective of this study is to observe high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings of lung parenchyme in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants between the corrected age of 38-42 weeks who were treated with oxygen after birth, and to compare them to the clinical severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods : The lungs of fourty-four VLBW infants with gestational...
Cord blood IL-10, IL-12 in preterm newborns as predictors of respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Jee Yoon Park,, Ji Young Kim, Soo Jin Cho, Young Ju Kim, Hye sook Park, Eun Hee Ha, Eun Ae Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):248-254.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of RDS and BPD in the immature lung. We investigated the possible role of IL-10 and IL-12 in the cord blood of preterm newborns with RDS or BPD. Methods : Forty preterm newborns whose mothers received antenatal care at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital between January 2003 to June 2005, and...
Clinical features of congenital muscular torticollis
Ji Eun Jun, Hye Kyeong Ryu, Jae Won Shim, Jung Yeon Shim, Hye Lim Jung, Moon Soo Park, Deok-Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):241-247.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a common and benign congenital disorder of the musculoskeletal system in neonates and infants. The pathophysiology is that the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) is shortened on the involved side by fibrosis, leading to ipsilateral tilt and contralateral rotation of the face and chin. In this study, we investigated the clinical features of CMT, the...
Review Article
Evaluation of function and disorders of the adrenal gland in neonates
Il Tae Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):236-240.   Published online March 15, 2007
Majority of sick full term newborns have adequate adrenal cortical function in response to stress. Acutely ill neonates with a basal cortisol level less than 15 g/dL (414 nmol/L) suggest adrenal insufficiency and require function testing of adrenal function. In premature infant, immaturity of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA axis), may limit the ability to increase cortisol production in response...
Calcium and phosphate metabolism and disorders in the newborn
Hae Soon Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):230-235.   Published online March 15, 2007
In the early neonatal period, the neonate is challenged by the loss of the placental calcium transport and manifests a quick transition, from an environment in which PTHrP plays an important role to a PTH- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-controlled neonatal milieu. Disturbances in mineral homeostasis are common in the neonatal period, especially in premature infants and infants who are hospitalized in...
Glucose metabolism and evaluation of hypoglycemia in neonates
Eun Young Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):223-229.   Published online March 15, 2007
The fetus is completely dependent on mother for glucose and other nutrient transfer across the placenta. At birth, when the maternal supply is discontinued, the neonate must adjust to an independent existence. The changes in the neonate's glucose homeostasis during this transition to the extrauterine environment are influenced by the mother's metabolism and intrinsic fetal and placental problems. Maturation of...
Case Report
Clinical improvement in a case of atypical infantile onset Pompe disease with enzyme replacement therapy
You Hoon Jeon, Baik-Lin Eun, Chang Sung Son, Dong Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):213-217.   Published online February 15, 2007
Pompe disease is a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of acid α-glucosidase (GAA). Infantile onset Pompe disease is uniformly lethal. Affected infants generally present in the first few months of life with hypotonia, generalized muscle weakness, and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is rapidly followed by death, usually by the age of one. The late-onset form is characterized less severe...
A case of acquired acrodermatitis enteropathica with a normal serum zinc level but a low level in the hair
Kyung Il Oh, Jung Hee Kim, Ji Eun Lee, Dae Hyun Lim, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):209-212.   Published online February 15, 2007
Acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of early infancy, and is characterized by periorificial dermatitis, alopecia, and intractable diarrhea. Serum zinc levels are usually low in untreated patients and the oral administration of zinc sulfate can clear skin lesions and other symptoms. Although premature and cow`s milk-fed infants are at particular risk of developing AE, there have...
Original Article
Clinical application of D-dimer in Kawasaki Disease
Jae Joon Han, Hong Ki Ko, Young Yoo, JungHwa Lee, Kwang Chul Lee, Chang Sung Son, Joo Won Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):205-208.   Published online February 15, 2007
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea Purpose : Vascular endothelial cell damage and alteration of a fibrinolytic system was suggested to play a role in the development of coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease (KD). D-dimer is one of the markers of endothelial damage and fibrinolysis. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of D- dimer to differentiate KD...
Growth promoting effect of short-term gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist with or without growth hormone in girls with early puberty
Eun-Ju Lee, Heon-Seok Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):198-204.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : The hope that arresting pubertal developement might increase final adult height has led to an attempt to use GnRH agonist (GnRHa) in children with early puberty and poor growth prognosis. We investigated the growth-promoting effect of GnRH agonists with or without growth hormone (GH) in girls with early puberty and decreased predicted adult height (PAH). Methods : Thirty five...
A study and the growth and the development of microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Young Ah Lee, Kyong-Ah Yun, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):190-197.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : Reduced growth and microvascular complications have been recognized as consequences of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We assessed the effect of T1DM on growth and factors associated with the development of microvascular complications. Methods : We conducted a retrospective longitudinal evaluation of 154 patients above 16 years of age. We analyzed factors which affect final height standard deviation scores...
Comparison of growth and neuropsychological function after treatment for hematologic and oncologic diseases in monozygotic twins
Gi Hwan Kim, Hoon Kook, Hee Jo Baek, Dong Kyun Han, Eun Song Song, Young Kook Jo, Ic Sun Choi, Young Ok Kim, Chan Jong Kim, Young Jong Woo, Soo Jin Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):182-189.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth and neuropsychologic function following treatments for pediatric hematologic and oncologic diseases. Healthy monozygotic twins served as ideal controls for comparison to exclude possible confounding factors. Methods : Seven children treated with various hematologic and oncologic diseases were included in the study: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; n=2), Diamond-Blackfan anemia...
Renal manifestations in tuberous sclerosis complex
Il Cheon Jeong, Ji Tae Kim, You Sik Hwang, Jung A Kim, Jae Seung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):178-181.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : The renal manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are remarkably diverse, including polycystic kidney disease, simple renal cysts, renal cell carcinomas, and angiomyolipomas. All of these occur in children as well as adults in TSC. Angiomyolipomas, which can cause spontaneous life-threatening hemorrhages, are by far the most prevalent and the greatest source of morbidity. Here, we will address...
Clinicopathologic features and prognosis of childhood IgA nephropathy
Sung Il Woo, Keun Wook Bae, Joo Hoon Lee, Young Seo Park, Yong Mee Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):170-177.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : Clinicopathological features were investigated to clarify the outcome and prognostic indicators for patients with IgA nephropathy in Korean children. Methods : We reviewed the outcomes of 61 patients in whom IgA nephropathy was diagnosed before the age of 15 years from 1991 to 2005 and followed-up at least for one year. All patients were confirmed by renal biopsy. Results...
A clinical study of child bacterial meningitis in Daejeon and Chungcheong area : 2001-2005
Yong Joo Lee, Soo Jin Lee, Ho Jin Park, Young Hyuk Lee, So Young Kang, Young Chang Kim, In Kyu Lee, Kyung Yeon Lee, Keon Su Lee, Won Seop Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):157-162.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiology, causative organism, clinical manifestation and prognosis of bacterial meningitis for children after the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine in Daejeon and Chungcheong area. Methods : We analyzed retrospectively 53 medical records who had been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis at 10 general or university hospitals...
A study of serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by multibead assay
Ky Young Cho, Jung Ah Lee, Sung Eun Cho, Nam Hee Kim, Jin A Lee, Ki Sook Hong, Hoan Jong Lee, Kyung Hyo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):151-156.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major etiologic agent for pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, and sepsis among young children. Multi-drug resistant strains have raised great concern worldwide, thus the importance of prevention with vaccines has been emphasized. However, vaccines may force the appearance of pneumococcal infections by nonvaccine serotypes. Thus, distribution of pneumococcal serotypes should be monitored to estimate vaccine...
Validation of enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative measurement of human IgG antibodies specific for Haemophilus influenzae Type b capsular polysaccharide
Kyung Hyo Kim, Soo Young Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):143-150.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : This study was conducted to validate enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the quantitative measurement of human IgG antibodies specific for Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsular polysaccharide. Method : We evaluated specificity, repeatability, intermediate precision, accuracy, lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), and stability to validate standardized EIA for the quantitative measurement of human anti-polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) IgG antibodies. Results :...
Clinical analysis of acute drug intoxication and foreign body ingestion in Wonju: comparison between the 1990s and the 2000s
Joo Pil Eum, Jin Suk Suh, Hwang Min Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):138-142.   Published online February 15, 2007
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to find out the changing pattern of drug or foreign body ingestion between 1990s and 2000s in Wonju Christian Hospital, which is located in one of the most rapidly urbanizing cities in Korea. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with acute drug intoxication and foreign body ingestion from January...
Review Article
Fever and rash
Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):132-137.   Published online February 15, 2007
Patients with febrile illness and skin rashes need full and immediate attention. In general, these diseases show mild manifestations and good prognosis. However, causalities of some diseases with fever and rash may be life threatening or trivial. So, the differential diagnosis for those patients is extensive. A through history, a careful physical examination and close observation of clinical progress are...
Diagnostic approach to the fever of unknown origin in children - Emphasis on the infectious diseases -
Eun Hwa Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):127-131.   Published online February 15, 2007
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) has been a convenient term used to classify patients who warrant a particular systemic approach to diagnostic evaluation and management. The greatest clinical concern in evaluating FUO is identifying patients whose fever has a serious or life-threatening cause when a delay in diagnosis could jeopardize successful intervention. Thorough history and complete physical examination are critical...
Fever
Taek Jin Lee, Dong Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):121-126.   Published online February 15, 2007
Fever has been recognized as a cardinal feature of disease since antiquity, but only recently has the pathophysiology of fever come to be understood. It became clear that the ultimate cause of fever is not a bacterial product (a so-called exogenous pyrogen) but a product of host inflammatory cells (i.e., an endogenous pyrogen). Many studies have demonstrated that mononuclear phagocytes...
Case Report
A case of lung abscess caused by Burkholderia cepacia in healthy child
Jung Hwa Lee, So Hee Lee, Seong Jin Hong, Young Chil Choi, Eun Gu Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):89-94.   Published online January 15, 2007
Burkholderia cepacia is a Gram-negative aerobic bacillus known to cause opportunistic infections in the immune-compromised hosts. This microorganism is strongly virulent and causes a necrotising invasive infection that may lead to death. As B. cepacia is highly resistant to various antimicrobials, combination antimicrobial therapy must be used instead of monotherapy. We report a successful treatment of lung abscess that was...
Original Article
Severe hypernatremic dehydration in a breast-fed neonate
Yun Jung Oh, Ji Eun Lee, So Hyun An, Yang Kyong Kim, Sung Kil Kang, Ja Kyoung Kim, Byong Kwan Son, Yong Hoon Jun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):85-88.   Published online January 15, 2007
Although it is a rare condition, breast-feeding may result in hypernatremic dehydration. However, incidences might be increasing with more mothers breast-feeding. Although the early detection and management of hypernatremic dehydration from breast-feeding is important, its prevention is even more important on account of its serious complications. In order to prevent hypernatremic dehydration secondary to breast-feeding, it is essential to educate...
Usefulness of tibia counter rotator (TCR) for treatment of tibial internal torsion in children
Dong Ho Song, Yoon Lee, Baik-Lin Eun, Kwang Jae Lee, Sang Kuk Kang, Sung Gin Vaq, Sung You, Jung Bin Shin, Bong Ok Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):79-84.   Published online January 15, 2007
Purpose : Tibial internal torsion is prevalent in East Asian countries such as Korea and Japan, where sitting on the floor is common behavior. Tibial internal torsion or excessive lateral tibial torsion may cause esthetical, functional, or psychological problems and also may induce degenerative arthritis in older age. The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of...
A clinical study of systemic lupus erythematosus in children
Ji Tae Kim, Young Mee Nam, Jae Seung Lee, Dong Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):74-78.   Published online January 15, 2007
Purpose : Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystemic autoimmune disease with complex clinical manifestations. It probably involves genetic, environmental and immunologic factors. In this study, we investigated the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and prognosis of pediatric SLE to aid clinical care of pediatric SLE. Methods : The data of 45 patients who were diagnosed as pediatric SLE in Severance...
Factors affecting the final adult height in survivors of childhood brain tumors
Kyong-Ah Yun, Young Ah Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang, Hee Young Shin, Hyo Seop Ahn, Il Han Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):65-73.   Published online January 15, 2007
Purpose : Short stature is an important complication that impairs the quality of life in survivors of childhood brain tumors. We studied their final adult height (FAH) to evaluate risk factors for short stature. Methods : We reviewed the medical data of 95 survivors of childhood brain tumors (64 males and 31 females) who had been followed up from 1982 to...
Etiological agents isolated from blood in children with hemato-oncologic diseases (2002-2005)
So-Hee Kim, Young-Ah Lee, Byung-Wook Eun, Nam-Hee Kim, Jin-A Lee, Hyoung Jin Kang, Eun-Hwa Choi, Hee Young Shin, Hoan-Jong Lee, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):56-64.   Published online January 15, 2007
Purpose : This study was performed to identify the etiologic agents and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of organisms responsible for bloodstream infections in pediatric cancer patients for guidance in empiric antimicrobial therapy. Methods : One hundred and ninety-seven episodes of bloodstream infections that developed in 128 pediatric cancer patients were analyzed, which were identified at the Seoul National University Children's Hospital during...
Clinical factors causing hyperbilirubinemia in patients with Kawasaki disease
Kyung Hee Moon, Ok Ran Kim, Seung Taek Yu, Myung Eun Hong, Chang Woo Lee, Du Young Choi, Yeon Kyun Oh, Jong Duk Kim, Hyang Suk Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):52-55.   Published online January 15, 2007
Purpose : Hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice and gallbladder hydrops are unusual manifestations of Kawasaki disease (KD). In this case, abdominal pain, anorexia and abdominal distension may follow eventfully. We reviewed the clinical and laboratory data to investigate the causative factors of hyperbilirubinemia in patients with KD. Methods : Two-hundred eighty two children diagnosed and hospitalized with KD were identified by searching patients' charts....
Usefulness of echocardiographic findings in the early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease
Chang Hwan Choi, Sung Hwan Byun, Je Duk Jeon, Jong-Woon Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):47-51.   Published online January 15, 2007
Purpose : The early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD) is difficult sometimes, especially in atypical or incomplete cases presenting 4 or less principal clinical features without coronary arterial lesions (coronary arterial ectasia or aneurysm). The authors investigated the incidence of echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with KD to discover whether abnormal echocardiographic findings might be helpful in the early diagnosis of...
Long term prognosis of patients who had a Fontan operation
Hyun-Jung Kim, Eun-Jung Bae, Jung-Il Noh, Jung-Yun Choi, Yong-Su Yun, Wong-Hwan Kim, Jung-Yeul Lee, Yong-Jin Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(1):40-46.   Published online January 15, 2007
Purpose : This study assessed the long term survival rate and long term complications of patients who had a modified Fontan operation for functionally univentricular cardiac anomaly. Methods : Between June 1986 and December 2000, 302 patients with a functional single ventricle underwent surgical interventions and were followed up until February 2006. The mean follow-up period was 8.3?.3 years (range 3.5-18...
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